디자인 요소의 감성적 해석을 위한 툴의 개발

김철수(Chul-Soo Kim),정도성(Do-Sung Chung),민규홍(Kyu-Hong Min),김관배(Kwan-Bae Kim),박영목(Yeong-Mog Park) 한국디자인학회 1998 디자인학연구 Vol.- No.26

분무장치를 (噴霧裝置) 이용한 솔잎혹파리 방제에 (防除) 관한 연구

정상배(Sang Bae Chung),김철수(Chul Su Kim) 한국산림과학회 1994 한국산림과학회지 Vol.83 No.3

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of ground and foliar sprinkling of natural water for control of the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis, by disturbing the reproductive behavior of adults such as copulation and oviposition. Diurnal ground spray for whole area application and foliar spray for single tree treatment were tested at day time during the period of adult emergence. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The population density of overwintering larvae in soil was not affected by the water spray during the adult emergence period. 2. Spraying the water showed no effect on the whole period and number of adult emergence, but retarded early emergence and facilitated Late emergence. The difference in the emerging time by 50% emergence day was approximately 7 days. 3. Ground spray was significantly different from control in gall formation rates but was not sufficient for effective control. As a single-tree treatment, the foliar spray was found to be highly effective for control of the pine needle gall midge, Average gall formation of spray plots and untreated ones were 2.6% and 38%, respectively ; control value exceeded 90% . 4. Ground spray of water was not effective in reducing larvae in gall of needle. Foliar spray, however, reduced 45% of larval numbers. 5. Foliar spray accelerated shoot growth by 15%-18%. 6. Foliar spray was highly effective for the control of sucking insects, such as mites and aphids on pine trees.

기생봉사육용 솔잎혹파리 유충채집에 관한 연구

정상배,김철수 ( Sang Bae Chung,Chul Soo Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.3

Artificial precipitation test with sprinkler system was carried out to develop the collection method of arboreal larvae(proctotrupoid wasps) of pine needle gall midge for biological control in 1995. Effects of larvae falling on each amount of precipitation, season of precipitation and time of precipitation of a day following artificial precipitation were examined during the period of larvae falling season. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Artificial precipitation with sprinkler system was highly effective for collection of pine needle gall midge larvae and the most suitable amount of precipitation was 5.3-9.4mm; application amount and hours of water were 8,000-16.000ℓ and 180-360 minutes, respectively. 2. The most effective period of larvae collection for artificial precipitation was approximately 20 days, from early through mid November, and larvae falling was 93.4% of the total number of larvae collection during this period. 3. Larvae falling from the tree crown was not affected by the artificial precipitation for the precipitation hour intervals in a day. 4. The percentage of parasitism of collected larvae of pine needle gall midge in November exceeded that of December but was not significantly different between two seasons. 5. Artificial precipitation of sprinkler system was effective in reducing 34% of gall formation after one year at collected sites of pine needle gall midge larvae. 6. The collection method of larvae following artificial precipitation was effective in reducing the expenses by 14-50% than that of collection method of infested needles.

잣나무넓적잎벌 방제림분에 대한 잣나무 피해해석

정상배,김철수 ( Sang Bae Chung,Chul Su Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.3

To obtain basic information for establishing a pest control strategy for insect pest management system, changes in the population densities of the black-tipped sawfly(Acantholyda posticalis posticalis Matsumura) and damage patterns in tree growth were investigated in national forests in Hoigok-ri, Kapyung-gun, Kyunggi-do, where the pest control measures were taken. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The larval density in the soil of the forests where the insecticides were applied have been kept below economic threshold for about 7 years. The density was the highest in the middle of slopes and similar to the level of the early stage of the insect outbreak. 2. After the pest control by insecticides, reduction in tree height and diameter growth lasted for 2-3 years in trees defoliated by over 70%. 3. The diameter growth of the trees damaged by black-tipped sawfly recovered faster in upper stem than in the lower. 4. volume growth of the trees defoliated over 70% by the insect decreased for three to four years. The volume loss of trees defoliated by 70% and 90% was 19.6% and 54.0%, respectively. 5. Maintaining the rate of defoliation below 50%, which is the economic threshold, by chemical control measures had an effect of reducing the tree volume loss by 40㎡/㏊ as compared with a stand defoliated by 90%.

초 저온 액체 수송용 보호관의 온도 변화 특성

이상철(Sang-Chul Lee),김철수(Chul-Su Kim),배강열(Kang-Youl Bae),최규평(Kyu-Pyeong Choi),정효민(Hyo-Min Jeong),정한식(Han-Shik Chung) 대한설비공학회 2003 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

철수장치(撤水裝置)를 이용한 송이산 관리에 관한 연구

정상배 ( Sang Bae Chung ),김철수 ( Chul Su Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2005 한국산림과학회지 Vol.94 No.1

In order to prevent the pine mushrooms, Tricholoma matsutake, from being damaged by the pine needle gall midges, Thecodiplosis japonensis, and thereby, to increase their production and improve their quality, a sprinkler system was installed on the mushroom field. A low-concentration insecticide (dcltamethrin l% EC, x2,000) was sprayed once at insects` most active time every day during the period of insects` adult occurrence and thereafter, the irrigation by ground water spraying was periodically enforced. Such a lest was conducted at Yangyang-Gun, Kwangwon-do, Korea for 2 years from 2000 through 2001. The pine needle gall midges generally emerged for about 40 days from late May to early July. 50% emergence of them was about June 6, and peak emergence (more than 80%) was early or mid-June. Gall formation rate was 15% on average with this ground insecticide spraying, while 51.3% when not treated. Control effectiveness of this insecticide spraying was 92.3%, which was higher than 82.5% by the conventional injection of insecticide into tree stems. Pine mushrooms emerged for about 35 days from mid-September through earlier October, and around 80% of them did for about 15 days from late September through early October. As a result of the periodic ground water-spraying (30 mm per week) for 2 months (from August to October), the production of mushrooms increased by 74.3% (110% in terms of weight), with their quality improvement. The mushrooms produced from the treated stand by the spraying system were priced 8,670,000 woes per hectare, and thus, the net income deducting the facility and management cost was 4,310,000 woes, about 5% higher than value from the control stand. It was analyzed that this treatment was significantly cost effective when the facilities are used more than 5 years.

잣나무넓적잎벌의 섭식량에 관한 연구

정상배,김철수 한국임학회 2000 한국산림과학회지 Vol.89 No.5

The damage by the black-tipped sawfly, Acantholyda posticalis posticalis, has been increasing all over the area of Korean pine(Pinus koraicnsis)stands in Korean peninsula. This study was conducted to provide basic information for the management and control of this pest by investigating the feeding quantity of pine needles during the larval stage. The results were summarized as follows : The total needles damaged in the larval stage of the black-tipped sawfly were 9,584㎜ in length on an average and those of female and male were 11,774㎜ and 7,394㎜, respectively. The total length ingested actually was 7,797㎜ and it was equivalent to 81.4% of the total length damaged. Early larval stage showed a little feeding and it was equivalent to 17% of total quantity. On the contrary, the feeding quantity in late larval stages of fourth and fifth instars amounted to 83%. The number of the frass excreted per larva was about 1,160, and the difference between male and female was not showed, whereas it showed remarkable difference among larval instars.