이화명충에 대한 유기인살충제의 Cholinesterase 저해작용 및 살충력에 관하여

김창효 한국응용곤충학회 1971 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.10 No.1

이 실험은 이화명나방 월동 유충에 대한 유기인 살출제의 in vitro에 있어서의 ChE저해력과 약제의 화학 구조와의 관계, in vivo에 있어서의 국소 시용법에 의한, 살충제의 독성과 화학 子조와의 관계, 특히 ChE 저해력과 살충력(독성)과의 관계를 비교 연구할 목적으로 실험하였으며 그 결과를 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 1, Phosphate compounds는 thiophosphate compounds보다 in vitro에 있어서의 ChE 저해력은 강하다고 할 수 있으나 in vivo에 있어서의 독성은 비례적으로 반드시 강하다고 할 수 없다. 2. Alcoxy 즉 diethoxy는 dimethoxy보다 ChE 저해력과 독성이 비례적으로 반드시 강하다고 할 수 없다. 3. 부분에 있어서 이 X부분이 달라짐에 따르는 ChE 저해력과 살충력에 대해서는 약제에 따라서 각각 다르게 나타나므로 언급할 수 없다. 4. ChE 저력이 강한 약제는 살충력도 비례적으로 강하다고 할 수 없다. 그러나 화학 구조상 안정성이고 실용 농약인 Ethylparathion, Malathion, Let aycid, EPN, Sumithion 및 Diazinon 등에서 고찰할 때 반드시 비례적인 것은 아니나 어느 정도의 파행 관계가 있지 않은가 추찰된다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the differences of the in vitro inhibitory effect of various organephobphorua insecticides on the chlinesterase from rice stem borer and those of the toxicity of them against the insect, with special references to the relationship between the cholinesterase inhibition and the toxicity. The results obtained were summarized as follows: Phosphate compounds shelved stronger inhibitory effect on the cholinesterase than thhiophosphate compounds, but was not stronger in toxicity than the latter. Diethoxy compounds were not always stronger than dimethoxy in cholinesterase inhibition and the toxicity of organophosphorus insecticides. The organophosphorus insecticides that inhibited strongly the cholinesterase were not always stronger in the toxicity.

구기자혹응애(Eriophyes kuko Kishida) 및 그 혹에 관한 연구 III. 혹의 성장에 따르는 핵산함량의 변동

김창효,Kim Chang Hyo 한국응용곤충학회 1971 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.10 No.2

구기자응애 (Eriophyes kuko Kishida)의 침입 기생에 의하여 구기자나무(Lycium chinense Mill)의 잎에 형성되는 혹(Mite gall)의 성장에 따르는 표피세포와 핵의 크기를 측정하는 동시에 핵산(DNA, RNA)의 함량(함량으로 표시되느 농도분포)을 현미분광측정기(Microspectrophotometer)로 측정한 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 혹이 성장함에 따라 표피세포와 핵이 커지며 건전한 것보다 크게 된다. 2. DNA의 함량(함량으로 표시되는 농도분포)은 혹이 형성되는 초기에는 별로 변동이 없는 것 같으나 성장한 혹에 있어서는 건전한 것보다 오히려 증가하는 경향이 보였다. 3. RNA의 함량(함량으로 표시되는 농도분포)은 혹이 형성되는 초기부터 중기까지는 일시 적으로 증가하는 것 같으나 혹이 성장하게되면 건전한 것보다 오히려 감소되는 경향이 보였다. In this report, an experiment has been conducted to test the quantitative changes of nucleic acids in the nuclei of the epidermal cell of the galls, caused by Eriophyes kuko Kishida on the leaf of Lycium chinense Mill by means o( microspectrophotometric techniques, the two-wave-length methods. And the sizes of the epidermal cells and nuclei have been measured. The experimental results were summarized as follows: 1) It has been found that as the gall grows, the diameter of the epidermal cells and their nuclei increased and they were larger than those of tile healthy ones. 2) Microspectrophotometric measurement of nuclei by the 'Two-wave-length method' after staining with Feulgen reagent showed no changes in DNA content in the early stage of the gall. As the gall matured, however, DNA content of the gall increased more than that of the healthy leaf. 3) RNA-measurement of nuclei stained with Azur-B in DNase treated epidermal cells of the gall revealed that temporary increase in RNA content occurred in early to middle stages after the gall formation. As the gall matured, however, RNA content of the gall decreased more as against that of the healthy leaf.

Studies on Eriophyes kuko KISHIDA and its Galls. IV. Studies on the Growing Mite Gall under Light and Electron Microscopes

김창효,천송중신,소인영,Kim, Chang-Hyo,Sigenobu, Kawamatu,So, In-Yung Korean Society of Electron Microscopy 1972 Applied microscopy Vol.2 No.1

우기자혹응애 (Eriophyes kuko KISHIDA)의 기생에 의하여 구기자 나무 (Lycium Chinens MILL) 잎에 형성되는 흑 (mite gall) 의 행태적 변화를 광학현미경 및 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 광현적 관찰 : 구기자혹응애가 구기자나무의 어린잎의 뒷면 표피세포에 침입되면 먼지 표피세포가 이상비대를 하면서 혹이 형성되기 시작한다. 혹이 성장함에 따라 붕상조직과 해면상조직의 세포도 이상비대를 하게되고, 점차적으로 각 조직의 세포는 이상비대로 인한 불규칙한 형태적 변화를 일으켜 조직의 구별이 힘들게 된다. 이상비대한 혹세포의 핵은 건전세포의 핵보다 크며, 혹이 성장함에 따라서 핵의 크기도 커진다. 2. 전현적 관찰 : 혹이 성장함에 따라 혹세포의 mitochondria, golgi-apparatus. plastid 등은 퇴 화 및 붕괴되고, 특히 큰 흑의 이상비대한 혹세포에는 성상체 (star body) 와 환상 (ring form) 의 구조등이 나타난다. Light and electron microscopic studies were made to investigate the morphological changes in growing galls on the leaf of Lycium chinense MILL caused by Eriophyes kuko Kishda. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Light microscopy At the early stage of the invasion of E. kuko on the back side of the young leaf of L. chinense, the.epidermal cells become hypertrophic and develope a gall. As the gall grows, the cells of both palisade and spongy-layers become hypertrophic and these tissues are hard to be distinguished because of their irregular outgrowth. As the gall grows, the nuclei of the gall also become hypertrophic and larger than these of normal cells. 2. Electron microscopy Under electron microscopy the mitochondria, the golgi apparatus and the plastids of the advanced galls are degenerated and disintergrated and the cell walls become thicker than normal ones. The characteristic star bodies and the ring-form structures are found in the mature gall cells.

농약 최소 투자 최대 효과

김창효 한국작물보호협회 1986 자연과 농업 Vol.7 No.3

동일계통 연용피해 초기에 살포토록 - 살비제의 종류와 효과적 사용법

김창효 한국작물보호협회 1983 자연과 농업 Vol.4 No.6

한국산 개미의 분표에 관한 연구(8) -전라남도 도서지역(10개 도)의 개미상-

김창효,최병문,박종열 한국응용곤충학회 1992 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.31 No.4

전라남도 도라지역에 분포하는 개미의 종류와 그의 종조성을 조사할 목적으로 1986년, 1989년, 1990년, 1991년의 4년간 10개 도서의 31개 지역에서 740 colony를 채집하여 동정 한 결과 4아과 30속 54종이 분포하는 것을 확인하였으며, 그 중에 대흑산도 예리에서 채집한 쌍털비늘개미(신칭)와 소안도 맹선리에서 채집된 조개무늬비늘개미(신청)는 한국산 미기록종인 것으로 사료된다. 10개 도라지역에 분포하는 개미의 종조성이 밝혀졌으며 Nomura-Simpson's Coefficient(NSC) 공식에 의한 종류사도를 분석한 바 전라남도 도라지역의 개미상은 연속적이였다. To clarify the ants fauna in 10 islands, Chollanam-do, field survery was carried out from 1986 to 1991. As a result, 740 colonies were collected in 31 survey areas. These colonies were composed on 54 species belonging to the 30 genera of 4 subfamilies. Kyidris mutica Brown and Epitritus hexamerus Brown collected in Taehuksan Is. and Soan Is. respectively were recorded for the first time from Korea. The cluster analysis of faunal similarity using Nomura-Simpson's Coefficient(NSC) showed that the ant communities between the island were continuous in similarities.

Application of Coarse-Mesh Diffusion Theory Method to the Core Management of Pressurized Water Reactor

김창효,정창현,강창순,박군철,박원석 서울대학교 공과대학 1985 공대연구보고 Vol.17 No.1

양성재발성현훈의 임상양상 및 전정기능검사 소견

김창효,최호석,정윤건,이승철,김규성 대한평형의학회 2008 Research in Vestibular Science Vol.7 No.1

Background and Objectives: Benign recurrent vertigo has been defined as recurrent spells of vertigo lasting minutes to hours without cochlear and neurologic signs. The etiology is still unclear, but viral and vasospastic etiology as migraine equivalent has been suggested. We attempt to analyze the symptoms and vestibular function test of Benign recurrent vertigo that has clinically diagnosed. Materials and Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the clinical characteristics and vestibular function test including ocular-motor test, rotation test and computerized dynamic posturography from 100 patients with a Benign recurrent vertigo diagnosis. Results: Eight two percent of the patients were female, mean age was 52 years, and mean duration of prevalence was 47.3 months. In the characteristics of vertigo, 91% of patients have spinning sensation during attack. The vertigo attacks most commonly lasts several hours (57%), and frequency of attack is three to twelve time per year in 47%. A high incidence (40%) of headache was detected, but incidence of other associated symptoms including fluctuating hearing loss (3%), tinnitus (27%), aural fullness (9%) was relatively low. The incidence of spontaneous nystagmus and positional nystagmus was 18% and 10% each. Saccadic undershoot was observed in 21% of patients, but it was not associated with other ocular-motor test abnormalities. In rotation test, low gain, phase lead and asymmetry was observed in 18%, 3% and 9%, respectively. There were no abnormal findings in posturography. Conclusions: Although benign recurrent vertigo did not show any characteristic clinical findings or vestibular function test, it deserves to be considered for differential diagnosis of episodic vertigo. Background and Objectives: Benign recurrent vertigo has been defined as recurrent spells of vertigo lasting minutes to hours without cochlear and neurologic signs. The etiology is still unclear, but viral and vasospastic etiology as migraine equivalent has been suggested. We attempt to analyze the symptoms and vestibular function test of Benign recurrent vertigo that has clinically diagnosed. Materials and Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the clinical characteristics and vestibular function test including ocular-motor test, rotation test and computerized dynamic posturography from 100 patients with a Benign recurrent vertigo diagnosis. Results: Eight two percent of the patients were female, mean age was 52 years, and mean duration of prevalence was 47.3 months. In the characteristics of vertigo, 91% of patients have spinning sensation during attack. The vertigo attacks most commonly lasts several hours (57%), and frequency of attack is three to twelve time per year in 47%. A high incidence (40%) of headache was detected, but incidence of other associated symptoms including fluctuating hearing loss (3%), tinnitus (27%), aural fullness (9%) was relatively low. The incidence of spontaneous nystagmus and positional nystagmus was 18% and 10% each. Saccadic undershoot was observed in 21% of patients, but it was not associated with other ocular-motor test abnormalities. In rotation test, low gain, phase lead and asymmetry was observed in 18%, 3% and 9%, respectively. There were no abnormal findings in posturography. Conclusions: Although benign recurrent vertigo did not show any characteristic clinical findings or vestibular function test, it deserves to be considered for differential diagnosis of episodic vertigo.

메니에르병에서 Cochlear Hydrops Analysis Masking Procedure 검사의 진단적 의의

김창효,임채봉,김규성,최호석 대한이비인후과학회 2009 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.52 No.12

Background and Objectives The diagnosis of Meniere’s disease is based on audiological test and clinical symptoms. Cochlear Hydrops Analysis Masking Procedure (CHAMP) was introduced as a test for detecting changes in physical characteristics of basilar membrane by hydrops of endolympahtic system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value and usefulness of CHAMP tests for detection of endolymphatic hydrops. Subjects and Method This study was performed on 11 cases of Meniere’s disease and 10 cases of vestibular neuritis who visited ENT outpatient clinic and 25 cases of normal healthy volunteers. We defined the positive value as being less than 0.3 ms in latency delay (0.5 kHz HPN-click alone) and less than 0.95 nV in compound amplitude ratio (click alone 0.5 kHz HPN/ click alone) regardless of age or sex. Results There were significant latency delays in the Meniere’s disease group compared with the vestibular neuritis and normal control group. The amplitude ratio gave significant differences between the Meniere’s disease group and the normal group but there were no differences between the Meniere’s disease group and the vestibular neuritis group. Without assuming the test failure, the sensitivity and specificity of latency delay was 81% and 100%, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity of amplitude ratio was 100% and 84%, respectively. In 8 of 54 cases (14.8%), we couldn’t get interpretable wave. Conclusion CHAMP test is a clinically useful method that can detect endolymphatic hydrops and it can be used as an objective test for the diagonosis of Meniere’s disease.

원자력 발전소의 핵연료 및 핵연료 주기

김창효 대한전기학회 1977 대한전기학회 워크샵 Vol.1977 No.8