Impact of Blended Extensive Reading Program on L2 Reading Proficiency and Fluency

김종춘 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2024 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.10 No.8

This study investigates the impact of a blended extensive reading (ER) program on the reading proficiency and fluency of first-year nursing students at a university. The research focuses on comparing the efficacy of teacher-guided versus self-directed learning methods within a blended (online and offline) reading context. The study involved 83 freshmen, divided into two groups, one guided by teacher and the other following self-directed learning. The program spanned 15 weeks, during which students had access to a diverse collection of 461 reading materials. The study aimed to assess changes in reading proficiency and fluency through pre- and post-tests including TOEIC, AR(Accelerated Reader- Star Reading Test), Reading Speed, and Reading Speed Comprehension tests. The findings reveal that the teacher-guided group showed significant improvements in TOEIC Reading Comprehension, AR scores, and Reading Speed, while the self-directed group demonstrated less substantial gains. The study highlights differences in online and offline reading preferences between the groups, with the self-directed group favoring online resources and the teacher-guided group showing a preference for offline materials. This research underscores the importance of teacher involvement in enhancing key reading skills in specialized academic programs and suggests that a balanced approach incorporating both online and offline resources can effectively respond to diverse student learning preferences. The study also sheds light on the nuanced impact of different instructional methods on reading proficiency and fluency. The teacher guided group improved significantly in reading comprehension and speed, offering insights for future curriculum design and teaching strategies in specialized fields like nursing. The findings suggest that integrating structured teacher guidance with the flexibility of self-directed learning might yield optimal outcomes in reading instruction, particularly in specialized academic contexts like Nursing English in ESP.

랫드에서 fluoroquinolone 항균제 DW-116 의 단회 경구투여에 의한 태반통과와 약물동태연구

김종춘,윤효인,신호철,허정두,이종화,정문구 한국응용약물학회 2002 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.10 No.4

경유 중 황 및 방향족화합물 조성에 따른 배출가스 특성연구 : 미량대기오염물질 중심으로

김종춘,서충열,임윤성,임철수,임재현,이종태,윤창완,이상일,김홍규,김상규,황춘식 한국대기환경학회 2008 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

랫드에 있어서 배양배자에 대한 Phenytoin의 최기형성 효과

김종춘,임광현,정문구,노정구,Kim, Jong-Choon,Lim, Kwang-Hyeon,Chung, Moon-Koo,Roh, Jung-Koo 한국독성학회 1998 Toxicological Research Vol.14 No.3

The teratogenic potential of the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin (PHT) has been well documented both in the human and in the experimental animals. However there are few reports on the effects of PHT on embryonic development in rats in vitro. The present study was performed to evaluate the teratogenic effects of PHT using whole-embryo culture system in rats. Sprague-Dawley rat embryos were explanted on gestational day (GD) 9.5 and cultured for 48 hrs in the immediately centrifuged and heat-inactivated rat serum containing 0,25,50, or $100{\mu}g$ PHT/mL. At the end of culture period the embryos were scored for morphological development according to the procedure of Van Maele-Fabry, and their total protein contents were determined. At 100 ${\mu}$g/mL of culture medium. PHT caused significant reduction in developmental score and protein content of embryos and a high incidence morphological abnormalities (100%). Characteristic malformations included altered yolk and embryonic circulation, craniofacial hypoplasia, neural tube schisis, branchial arch defects, abnormal ratation, and limb bud hypoplasia, among others. There were no adverse effects on embryonic growth and development at concentrations of 25 and 50 ${\mu}$g /mL of culture medium. The results indicated that the dysmorphogenic effect of PHT on cultured embryos is due to a direct interference with embryonic development.

새로운 반합성 Rifamycin 유도체 KTC-1의 랫트 최기형 시험

김종춘,정문구,박종일,한상섭 한국독성학회 1995 Toxicological Research Vol.11 No.1

A teratogenicity study of KTC-1, a new semisynthetic rifamycin antituberculous drug, was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Dosages of KTC-1 0, 7, 21, and 63 mg/kg/day were administered to darns orally gayage from day 7 to day 17 of gestation. Two-third of dams per group were subjected to cesarean section on day 21 of pregnancy for examination of their fetuses, and the remaining one-third of darns per group were allowed to deliver naturally for postnatal examination of their offspring. At 21 mg/kg/day, an increase in the skeletal variations of F1 fetuses and a decrease in the body weight of F1 offspring were seen. At 63 mg/kg/day, a loss in body weight was observed in darns. An increase in fetal death rate, a decrease in litter size and body weight, and an increase in the incidence of visceral malforrnations and skeletal variations were found in F1 fetuses. In particular, lumar rib occurred at an incidence of 31%. In addition, an increase in the dead newborns at birth and neonatal deaths during the lactation period, a loss in body weight, and a decrease in spleen weight were observed in F1 offspring. There were no signs of maternal toxicity or embryotoxicity at 7 mg/kg/day. The results suggest that the no-effect dose level(NOEL)for dams is 21 mg/kg/day, and NOELs for F1 fetuses and offspring are 7 mg/kg/day.

새로운 반합성 Rifamucin 유도체 KTC-1의 랫트 수태능력 시험

김종춘,정문구,노정구 한국독성학회 1996 Toxicological Research Vol.12 No.1

The effect of KTC-1, a new semisynthetic rifamycin antituberculous drug, on general toxicity, reproductive capability and fetal development was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. Male rats were administered KTC-1 with mashed feed from 63 days before mating to the end of mating period, and female rats were given from 14 days before mating to day 7 of gestation at dose levels of 0, 375, 750, and 1,500 ppm. The females were sacrificed on day 21 of gestation for examination of their fetuses. At 1,500 ppm, a reduction in body weight gain and testis atrophy were observed in male rats. Histological examination revealed testicular atrophy, absence or decrease of germinal cells, and vacuolization of Sertoli cells in testis. A reduction in body weight gain, a decrease in food consumption were found in female rats. In addition, decreases in the number of corpora lutea, iraplantations, and the litter size of live fetuses were seen. Mating, fertility, and pregnancy performances were also affected. There were no external abnormalities observed by examination of fetuses. At 750 ppm, a reduction in the body weight gain of male and female rats and decreases in the number of implantations and litter size were found. At 375 ppm, no treatment-related effects were observed. The results suggest that the no-effect dose levels (NOELs) of KTC-1 are 375 ppm for males and females on general toxicity, 750 ppm for males and females on reproductive capability, and 375 ppm for fetuses on embryonic development.

Reader Preferences in Teacher-guided and Self-directed Extensive Reading Program

김종춘 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2023 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.9 No.11

Extensive Reading (ER) is a pedagogical approach in second language (L2) education that has a strong foundation and is highly effective in fostering a passion for reading and enhancing reading proficiency. This study aimed to investigate the diverse landscape of ER, revealing the extensive range of genres, topics, and book selections it contains. The study examined a group of 83 nursing students in Seoul, who were divided into two groups: one receiving teacher guidance and the other engaging in self-directed learning. The program lasted for a duration of 15 weeks and focused on extensive reading training. The results indicated a strong preference for non-fiction literature, particularly in the field of Science, which aligns with the professional interests of the nursing students who took part in the study. The group that was supervised by the teacher demonstrated a wider range of subject study, particularly in the areas of Science, Social Studies, and History, highlighting the significance of having organized direction. On the other hand, the self-directed group exhibited a more equitable distribution of reading materials, encompassing both fiction and non-fiction genres. The observation may potentially indicate a correlation with their personal motivations and educational paths. Notable correlations were observed among specific subjects, suggesting a strong inclination towards interdisciplinary pursuits and the possibility of integrating disparate areas of knowledge. The books that are most frequently read tend to be focused on the subject of Science, while also maintaining a balanced reading level. This suggests that students have a preference for materials that are neither excessively simplistic nor excessively hard. Despite being somewhat overshadowed by factual content, narratives continue to maintain their attractiveness, therefore underlining their crucial position in the landscape of extensive reading settings. Furthermore, the study provides valuable perspectives on the reading habits of second language (L2) learners, emphasizing the ongoing popularity of narratives, the need of multidisciplinary education, and the delicate equilibrium between self-direction and instructional support. The aforementioned discoveries have the potential to impact instructional approaches, leading to a more effective integration of student needs and interests. Additionally, they provide a foundation for future investigations into the underlying motivations driving these preferences for reading materials.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Pinitol (3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol) in Rats

김종춘,이상민,박소양,신동호,김성호,신용철 한국실험동물학회 2006 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.22 No.1

This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of a natural compound, pinitol (3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol) against acute or subacute inflammation in rats. The single oral administration of pinitol at 5 and 20 ㎎/㎏ showed a significant inhibition of paw edema in a dose-dependent manner. Although no statistically significant difference was noted, the 7-day administration of pinitol at 5 and 20 ㎎/㎏ also showed a tendency to decrease the weights of granuloma formed by cotten pellet implantation. It was concluded that pinitol has an anti-inflammatory effect on acute and subacute inflammation. These results suggest that a pinitol can be developed as an anti-inflammatory drug or a functional food to prevent or attenuate various types of inflammation-related diseases.

Evalution of Anti-diarrheal Activity of Bamboo Charcoal in Rats

김종춘,양영수,Bo-Kyoung Park,김성호,신동호,박승춘 한국실험동물학회 2006 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.22 No.1

Evaluation of the testicular toxicity caused by 2-bromopropane in rats

김종춘,이현숙,윤효인,정문구,Kim, Jong-choon,Lee, Hyun-sook,Yun, Hyo-in,Chung, Moon-koo The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

최근 2-bromopropane(2-BP)이 사람과 실험동물에서 정소독성을 유발한다고 보고된 바 있다. 그러나 수컷 생식기계에 있어서 2-BP의 지연효과에 대해서는 세부적으로 조사된 바가 없다. 본 연구는 Sprague-Dawley 랫드에서 2-BP의 정소독성과 정자발생의 회복을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 5주령의 수컷 랫드에게 2-BP를 1,000mg/kg 용량으로 4주간 반복투여하였고, 투여시작후 1, 2, 3, 4 및 12주째에 부검하였다. 정소독성의 평가는 병리조직학적인 질적평가와 생식기관 중량, 정자두부수 및 재생지수 등의 양적평가로 수행하였다. 시험결과 2-BP를 투여한 랫드에서는 체중과 정소 및 정소상체 중량이 대조군에 비해 시간의존적인 방식으로 억제 또는 감소하였다. 병리조직검사에서는 투여 1주째에 stage I~IV에서 정조세포와 stage VII~IX에서 세사전기 및 세사기의 정모세포가 현저하게 소실되었다. 정조세포는 투여 2주째에 모든 stage에서 광범위하게 소실되었으며, 정자발생주기가 진행됨에 따라 2, 3 및 4주째에는 접합기 정모세포, 비후기 정모세포 및 원형 정자세포가 전구세포의 결손에 의해 점진적으로 소실되었다. 지지세포의 기능적 이상을 암시하는 지지세포의 공포화와 정자세포 저류는 상기한 모든 시기에서 관찰되었다. 8주 회복후인 12주째에는 대부분의 곡세정관이 심하게 위축되어 지지세포만 관찰되었으며, 간질조직에서는 간질세포의 과형성이 인정되었다. 또한 2-BP에 의해 유발된 정소의 손상이 비가역적임을 암시해주는 정자두부와 재생지수의 현저한 감소가 관찰되었다. 상기결과는 랫드의 2-BP를 1,000mg/kg의 용량으로 4주간 반복투여하면 정조세포의 결손에 의해 점진적으로 생식세포가 감소하고 이로 인하여 장기적인 정소위축이 유발된다는 것을 암시해준다. It has been recently reported that 2-bromopropane (2-BP) induces male reproductive toxicity in both human and experimental animals. However, delayed effects of 2-BP on male reproductive system have not been investigated in detail. The present study was conducted to investigate the testicular toxicity of 2-BP and to determine the recovery of normal spermatogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Male rats aged 5 weeks were administered 1,000mg/kg 2-BP by gavage daily for 4 weeks and sacrificed sequentially at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 12 weeks after initiation of 2-BP treatment. Testicular toxicity was evaluated qualitatively by histopathological examinations and quantitatively by reproductive organ weights, spermatid head count, and repopulation index. In the 2-BP treated rats, the body weights was significantly suppressed and the weights of testes and epididymides were also decreased in a time-dependent manner. On histopathological examination, spermatogonia in stages I-VI and preleptotene and leptotene spermatocytes in stages VII-IX were strongly depleted at 1 week of dosing. Spermatogonia were depleted extensively in all spermatogenic stages at 2 weeks. Continuing with the evolution of spermatogenic cycle, zygotene spermatocytes, pachytene spermatocytes, and round spermatids were sequentially depleted at 2, 3, and 4 weeks of dosing due to the depletion of their precursor cells. Vacuolization of Sertoli cells and spermatid retention were also observed at all time points, suggesting that 2-BP induced Sertoli cell dysfunction. At 12 weeks, after 8 weeks recovery, most of the tubules appeared severely atrophic and were lined by Sertoli cells only. Leydig cell hyperplasia in the interstitial tissue was also found. In addition, dramatic reductions in the number of spermatid heads and repopulation index were observed, indicating that 2-BP-induced testicular injury is irreversible. These results indicate that 4 weeks repeated-dose of 1,000mg/kg 2-BP results in a progressive germ cell loss due to the depletion of spermatogonia followed by long-term testicular atrophy in SD rats.