민요의 길항작용: 민중의 교화와 감정의 해방 - 한국민요와 독일민요의 비교 분석 -

김재혁 한국독일어문학회 2004 독일어문학 Vol.26 No.-

Determination of SCFAs in Food Wastewater using HS-SPME

김재혁,김현욱 한국환경분석학회 2013 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.16 No.2

In this study, we identified short chain volatile fatty acids (SCFAs) in wastewater using headspace solidphase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Among three different SPME coatings, (i.e., 85 μm Polyacrylate (PA), 75 μm Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) and 30/50 μm Divinylbenzene/Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS)), 75 μm CAR/PDMS fiber was chosen since it showed the most successful extraction of Acetic acid (AA) and Propionic acid (PA). The optimal extraction and quantification conditions for the fiber such as extraction time and temperature, desorption time and temperature, agitation speed, sample volume and headspace/aqueous ratio also have been determined. The resulting calibration curve for each analyte showed good linearity (R2: 0.997~0.999) over the range from several ppbv to ppmv except for AA (R2: 0.986), low method detection limit, and good reproducibility in the quantification of the SCFAs. The developed method was applied to analyze SCFAs in extracted liquid from food wastes. The results obtained from the developed method were comparable to those from the method using GC with direct liquid injection. However, the distillation method underestimated the total SCFAs (C2~C6 acids)especially when C2~C6 acids were at high levels.

광가입자망 기술개요

김재혁,지윤규 한국통신학회 1993 정보와 통신 Vol.10 No.8

브라켓 부착시 레진 베이스의 두께에 따른 전단결합강도와 파절양상에 관한 연구

김재혁,황현식 전남대학교 치과대학 1998 전남치대논문집 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of the decrease of bond strength due to increased thickness of resin base in indirect bracket bonding technique. Metal brackets were bonded to the resin blocks involving bovine lower incisors and the thickness of resin bases was increased by increments of 0.5 mm from 0.0 mm to 2.0 mm. They were divided into two groups, one group is that the thickness of resin base was increased but the loading point from the tooth surface was maintained constantly, the other group is that the loading point from the tooth surface and the resin base thickness were increased concomitantly. The shear bond strength was tested on universal testing machine and the failure patterns were assessed with the adhesive remnant index(ARI). The results were as follows: 1. When the distance from the tooth surface to the loading point was maintained constantly, shear bond strength was increased significantly according to the decrease of distance from the bracket base to the loading point and the increase of resin base thickness. 2. When the distance from the tooth surface to the loading point and the resin base thickness were increased concomitantly, shear bond strength was decreased according to the increase of resin base thickness but significant differences were ignorable. 3. There were no significant differences in ARI scores according to the change in the thickness of resin base. The results of the present study indicated that shear bond strength was not much affected by the thickness of resin base, whereas was decreased according to the increase of distance from bracket bast to the loading point.

Li₂O-Bi₂O₃ 첨가가 Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.65Ti_0.35O₃ 세라믹의 압전 특성에 미치는 영향

김재혁,김시연,최정식,여동훈,신효순,남산,Kim, Jae Hyuk,Kim, Shi Yeon,Choi, Jeoung Sik,Yeo, Dong-Hun,Shin, Hyo-Soon,Nahm, Sahn 한국분말야금학회 2019 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.26 No.5

Piezoelectric ceramic specimens with the $Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})_{0.65}Ti_{0.35}O_3$ (PMN-PT) composition are prepared by the solid state reaction method known as the "columbite precursor" method. Moreover, the effects of the $Li_2O-Bi_2O_3$ additive on the microstructure, crystal structure, and piezoelectric properties of sintered PMN-PT ceramic samples are investigated. The addition of $Li_2O-Bi_2O_3$ lowers the sintering temperature from $1,200^{\circ}C$ to $950^{\circ}C$. Moreover, with the addition of >5 wt.% additive, the crystal structure changes from tetragonal to rhombohedral. Notably, the sample with 3 wt.% additive exhibits excellent piezoelectric properties ($d_{33}=596pC/N$ and Kp = 57%) and a sintered density of $7.92g/cm^3$ after sintering at $950^{\circ}C$. In addition, the sample exhibits a curie temperature of $138.6^{\circ}C$ at 1 kHz. Finally, the compatibility of the sample with a Cu electrode is examined, because the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy data indicate the absence of interdiffusion between Cu and the ceramic material.

뫼리케의 시 「어느 겨울날 아침 , 해뜨기 전」 고찰 : 뫼리케에 있어서의 " 새벽 " 의 의미 Die Bedeutung der morgendlichen Fruhe bei Morike

김재혁 한국독어독문학회 1988 獨逸文學 Vol.41 No.1

Mannigfach sind die Themen and Stoffe der MSrikeschen GedichteDie Natur in der Vielfalt ihrer Erscheinungen begegnet sehr haufig: Die Dammerung zwischen Nacht and Tag, aber auch die morgendliche Fruhe Bind beliebte Motive. Also hat sich die vorliegende Studie die Aufgabe gestellt, durch die Interpretation des Gedichtes $quot;An einem Wintermorgen vor Sonnenaufgang$quot; die Bedeutung der morgendlichen Frhe bei Mt~rike in den Griff zu bekommen. Das Gedicht beginnt mit der unmittelbaren Anrufung der winterlichen Fruhe-der Mensch tritt sogleich in eine innige, innere Beziehung zu jener zwischen Nacht and Tag gleitende Zeit, Darum vollzieht sich in dieser winterlichen Fruhe die Begegnung zwischen dern lyrischen Ich (Mikrokosmos) and der Natur(Makrokosmos). Mrike hat also in diesem Gedicht die Fruhe als den Moment ergriffen, in dem die Gegensatzlichen sich begegnen, um sich fur einen Augenblick in vollster Ruhe and Ausgewogenheit gegenuberzustehen. Die morgendliche Fruhe ist der Moment der Ausgewogenheit, wo sich die Naturerscheinungen Nacht and Tag begegnen. Die Fruhe bewegt eine neue, noch unfaBliche, nur als Bewegung erst wahrgenommene Welt im lyrischen Ich. Menach and Natur stehen nicht im Verhaltnis von Ich and Gegenstand, sondern von Ruf and Gegenruf, Wort and Antwort, Sichgffnen and Empfangen. Die Fruhe ist noch das Gehause der Seele, in dem sie rich heimisch weiB, dem sie sich anvertraut, Und sie ist warmendes Dunkel, in dem die Seele ruht. Licht aber bedeutet erkaltenden Einbruch eines Fremden, es will den Grund lockern and aus dem hegenden Dunkel herausreiBen, in dem die Seele leicht and sanft schwebt, Dem Zwischenzustand der Natur-der Spanne zwischen Nacht and Tagentspricht der Zwiachenzustand, in dem sich das befindet, Dieser Zustand ist der poetische Augenblick, wo der bunte Schwarm von Bildern and Gedanken auf der Pforte des Herzen vom lyrischen Ich auftaucht, In diesem Zwischenzustand tauchen auch Erinnerungen der Kindheit and Jugend auf, -alles was an seelischen Krften tiefsinn schlummerte, wird roach and rankt sich in den Traumwandel, der das Zwischenreich von Nacht and Tag mit dem aufgetanen Ich verbindet. Religibs getSnte Klange wie lebensfrohe Weisen Bind zu htren, Idyllisches wie Bacchantisches ist gegenwartig, Aiso weih nachtlich-christliche Innigkeit and dionystisch-heidnische Weltlust verbinden sich in dieser Fiille der Gesichte, in die der Wunschtraum des an der Schwelle des Beidermeier stehenden Dichters MSrike von wahrhaft erfnlltem, antikisch -christlichem Leben eingeht, Dieser Zwischenzustand bringt dem lyrischen Ich den erfullten Augenblick, in dem der schgpferische Genius im Ich jauchzt and seine Seele fliegt, so weit der Himmel reicht, and sich das Ich zu jedem frommen Werk Mut fuhlt, Also zwischen Nacht and Tag, zwiachen Dunkel and Helle, zwischen Traum and Wirklichkeit ist MBrikesche Reich, der auch der Geburtsort seiner Kunst ist, Deshalb legt MBrike groBen Wert auf die morgendliche Fruhe,

릴케 고유의 " 앞세우기 " 이론을 통한 " 사물시 " 분석

김재혁 한국독어독문학회 2001 獨逸文學 Vol.77 No.1

In dieser Arbeit wind versucht, Rilkes Dinggedicht zu interpretieren und zwar mit Hilfe der von Rilke selbst fru¨h begru¨ndeten $quot;Vorwand$quot;-Theorie. Man hat bisher in Rilkes Dinggedicht eine unperso¨nliche, episch-objektive Beschreibung eines Dinges gesehen. Und die meisten Rilke-Intepreten behaupten, loss das Dinggedicht in den Neuen Gedichten ein in sich geschlossenes Kunstgebilde darstellt. Im Ringen um eine perso¨nliche A¨sthetik hat Rilke in seinem fru¨hen Vortrag $quot;Moderne Lyrik$quot; und seinem Essay $quot;U¨ber Kunst$quot; ein a¨sthetisches Begriffspaar aufgestellt, d.h. $quot;Vorwand$quot; und $quot;Gesta¨ndnis$quot;. Rilke meint dort, dass der Gefu¨hlsstoff der Umwelt als $quot;Vorwand fu¨r noch feinere, ganz perso¨nliche Gesta¨ndnisse dient, die sich in der Seele lo¨sen und ledig werden.$quot; Also beabsichtigte er, durch a¨ußere Dinge seine inneren Gesta¨ndnisse auszudru¨cken. In diesem Kontext la¨ßt sich eine enge Beziehung zwischen Dinggedicht und $quot;Vorwand$quot;-Theorie fmden. Man kann die $quot;Vorwand$quot;-Theorie als Ansatzpunkt beim Interpretieren des Dinggedichts benutzen, weil das Dinggedicht die gleiche Doppelstruktur wie die $quot;Vorwand$quot;-Theorie zeigt. Rilkes Dinggedicht setzt das absolute Primat des erkenntnissuchenden Ichs voraus. Deswegen gehorr es zum Wesen des Rilkeschen Dinggedichts, doss es zwar stets einen Objektbezug hat, doss die in ihm dargestellten Dinge aber subjektivku¨nstlerisch konstituiet sind. Im Dinggedicht wirkt das subjektive Moment auf der Ebene des Hineindeutens. Im Dinggedicht sind also das Objektiv-Beschreibende und das SubjektivDeutende von Anfang an miteinander verbunden, weil das Dinggedicht intensiv wahrnehmungsorientiert ist. Rilke reflektiert sick selbst durch den sprachlich poetischen Prozess beim Schaffen. In diesem Prozess zeigen sich inhere Geta¨ndnisse des Dichters. Deshalb kann das Dinggedicht als $quot;Vorwand$quot; fu¨r inhere Geta¨ndnisse des Dichters dienen.

영어 교수·학습법 및 수업 모형 사용 실태 : 초·중등 영어 교육을 중심으로

김재혁 경인교육대학교 교육연구원 2010 교육논총 Vol.30 No.2

이 논문은 초·중등 영어 교사들이 영어 교수·학습법 및 수업 모형을 어떻게 인식하고 교실 수업에 적용하는가를 조사하는 데에 목적을 두었다. 이 연구 목적을 위해서 주요 교 수·학습법들을 선정해서 이들을 전통적 방법, 대안적 방법, 최근 방법, 기타 방법 등으로 유형별로 분류하고 주요 수업 모형을 PPP 및 대안 PPP로 나누어서 설문지를 구안하였 다. 교수·학습법 실태 조사에서는 주요 교수·학습법에 대한 영어 교사들의 인지도, 활용 도, 효과, 연수희망 교수법 등을 분석하였고, 수업 모형 실태 조사에서는 주요 수업 모형 에 대한 교사들의 인지도, 활용도 및 효과 등을 분석하였다. 설문조사에는 260명의 초등 및 중등 영어 교사들이 참여하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 대체로 교사들의 교수·학습법에 대한 이해가 피상적이고 실제 교실 수업에 적용하고 있는 교수법들도 몇 개로 한정되어 있음 을 보여주었다. 특히 수업 모형은 PPP 외에는 대부분의 교사들이 거의 시도하지 않은 것 으로 나타났다. 중등 영어 교사들은 전반적으로 교수법에 대해 초등 교사보다 더 높은 이 해를 보였지만, 실제 교실 수업에 적용하는 교수법과 수업 모형은 초등 교사보다 더 다양 하지 못한 것으로 분석되었다.

광에너지 상향 전환 기술에 의한 광촉매의 광감응도 향상에 관한 연구

김재혁 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1

광에너지 상향 전환기술(Upconversion, UC)이란, ‘낮은 에너지의 두 개 혹은 그 이상의 광자를 이용해 높은 에너지를 가지는 하나의 광자를 생산해 내는 기술’로 국내 학계에는 아직 생소한 신개념 광에너지 증폭 기술 중 하나이다. 높은 에너지의 광자(짧은 파장)에서 낮은 에너지의 광자(긴 파장)가 생성되는 일반적인 Stokes emission과는 반대로, Upconversion공정은 긴 파장의 광자들을 흡수하여 짧은 파장의 광자를 생성함으로써 Anti-Stokes emission을 발생시킨다. 광자가 흡수되는 대상물질인 광촉매와는 무관하게, 광에너지 자체를 변환시키는 Upconversion 기술은 태양광의 활용도 극대화에 있어 기존과는 다른, 전혀 새로운 접근법을 제시한다. 본 발표에서는 삼중항-삼중항 소멸법에 기반한 Upconversion에 대해 간략히 소개하고, 이를 이용하여 광촉매의 광감응도를 향상시킨 실험적 사례와 그 응용법에 대해 토의한다.

악령 외 1편

김재혁 계간 서정시학 2015 서정시학 Vol.25 No.4