선거 여론조사의 품질과 대표성에 관한 분석: 제21대 · 제22대 국회의원선거를 중심으로

김인균 ( In-kyun Kim ),이승주 ( Seung-joo Lee ),임종호 ( Jong-ho Im ) 한국조사연구학회 2025 조사연구 Vol.26 No.1

This study examines the challenges in current election polling practices in South Korea and explores potential improvements. In South Korean election survey, data collection primarily relies on quota sampling, which introduces sampling errors and distorts representativeness. The nature of quota sampling also complicates efforts to ensure verifiability and reproducibility, hindering improvement. Strict regulations by the National Election Commission and limited survey budgets further constrain available methodologies, while low response rates intensify representativeness distortions. To address these issues, this study employs simulation analyses to compare quota sampling with the scientific approach of probability sampling. Simulation Analysis 1 investigates how differing response rates affect quota sampling versus probability sampling, while Simulation Analysis 2 assesses representativeness across quota sampling, probability sampling, and re-contact probability sampling under similar response rate conditions. Additionally, survey data from the 21st legislative election held on April 8, 2020, and the 22nd legislative election on April 10, 2024, were analyzed with a focus on predictive accuracy and bias. Findings indicate that quota sampling produces greater representativeness distortion than probability sampling, that low response rates exacerbate this distortion, and that quota sampling lacks reproducibility.

한국어 교육에서의 파생어휘 교육 -`-스럽-, -답-, -롭-` 파생 형용사를 중심으로

김인균 ( Kim In-kyun ) 국제어문학회 2004 국제어문 Vol.31 No.-

Korean Language and Literature in International Context 31. Vocabulary is the major tool in communication. But in Korean as a Foreign/Second Language Education we have not prepared any basic rules for teaching vocabularies and given attention to it actually in present. Therefore we need to look at the education methods and contents of Korean vocabulary. As a part of them this study aims to discuss teaching contents and methods of Korean word formation, focusing on adjective suffix, `-seureop-`, `-dap-`, `-rop-`. Suffix, `-seureop-`, `-dap-`, `-rop-` form derivational adjectives with each proper meaning relatively productively in Modern Korean. And because of having an interrelation with meanings reciprocally they can combine with same bases. Especially, because of great productivity `-seureop-` put in position which another suffixes are used in Modern Korean. As educators teach these contents, they have to consider learner levels. So I present teaching contents and methods in each grade, and propose a syllabus.

국어 문장 부호에 대한 반성적 접근

김인균 ( In Kyun Kim ) 시학과 언어학회 2011 시학과 언어학 Vol.21 No.-

This paper is a study on Korean punctuation marks. There are three main purposes in the paper. The first is that I define the concept of Korean punctuation mark in distinction from spelling, spacing and typographical symbol in writing system. The second is that I set limits to punctuation marks, making clear the difference between the scripts and the symbols, considering the functions of spacing, and investigating the rules or regulations(1988) and the detailed rules(2002) of the current Korean punctuation. And finally, I propose real punctuation marks in the Korean writing system. Korean punctuation marks are ancillary or supportive devices of the script and spacing for closing a gaps with spoken language as the linguistic entities in the writing system. Accordingly, the middle point, the colon(or semicolon), the solidus, the brace, the square brackets(or angle brackets, corner brackets), the dash, the hyphen, the swung dash, the demonstration marks, the concealment marks, and the skip marks are just the symbols or the codes. Therefore, the real punctuation marks are the period, the question mark, the exclamation mark, the comma, the double quotation marks, the single quotation marks, the parentheses, and the ellipsis, excluding functions and usages of the symbols or the codes in the Korean writing system.

문법 형태 “(이)서”의 통시적 고찰

김인균 ( In Kyun Kim ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2015 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.24 No.-

The aim of this paper is to investigate a grammatical form ‘(i)seo’(‘(이)서’) in the sort of ‘dul-i-seo’(‘둘이서’) and ‘meolli-seo’(‘멀리서’) diachronically. First of all, ‘i’(‘이’) in the sort of ‘dul-iseo’ in a modern language should analyze by a subjective case particle or a noun derivational suffix as diachronic. And we asserted that ‘seo’(‘서’) is that the inflectional form ‘(i)syeo’(‘(이)셔’) of substantive verb ‘(i)si-’(‘(이)시-’) is by form that go through a grammaticalization and that form ‘seo’ is a auxiliary particle sticking to ‘honja’(‘혼자’) that functions an adverb as a noun originally as well as ‘dul-i’(‘둘이’) form (that show dual structure). Also, we saw a subjective case particle ‘i’ and a auxiliary particle ‘seo’ corporation in ‘dul-i-seo’ go through a grammaticalization, that is to say, a particlization again. On the other hand, according to diachronic change about ‘meolli-seo’(‘멀리서’), we grasped that the form ‘meolli-seo’ has a dual characteristic that can see as the structure combining a adverb ‘meolli’(‘멀리’) and a auxiliary particle ‘seo’, similarly with ‘honja-seo’(‘혼자서’) or as the structure combining a noun ‘meolli’ and an abbreviation ‘seo’ of an adverbial case particle ‘eseo’(‘에서’).

국어 명사의 의미 특성과 분류

김인균 ( In Kyun Kim ) 시학과 언어학회 2002 시학과 언어학 Vol.4 No.-

국어의 한자어(漢字語) 접두사(接頭辭) 연구-국어사전(國語辭典)의 등재어(登載語)를 중심으로-

김인균 ( Kim In Kyun ) 한국어문교육연구회 2002 어문연구 Vol.30 No.2

This paper aims to present criterion of setting Mordern Sino-Korean prefixes by examining the Sino-Korean prefixes and present the new list of Sino-Korean prefixes by examining the lists of Sino-Korean prefixes in the four widely known dictionaries. We recognize Sino-Korean prefixes on the basis of concrete use and function by taking a definite attitude that Sino-Korean is equal to Native-Korean in Korean language system. The most important feature of Sino-Korean prefixes is the morphological and semantic dependency that is similar to Native-Korean prefixes. First, we divided the list of Sino-Korean prefixes in the dictionary into six parts and examined those features that added some items to them. Second, we examined the rest on the basis of criterion of setting Sino-Korean prefixes and presented prefixes that we can recognize, delete or add to the list. In conclusion, the criterion of setting Sino-Korean prefixes and the list of them are as follows: (ⅰ) The Criterion of Setting Sino-Korean Prefixes ① Monosyllabicity ② Dependent form that modifies independent base of more than disyllable ahead. ③ High productivity that combines not only Sino-Korean but also Native-Korean and adopted Korean. ④ Unification of the meaning and function by semantic refraction, change and extension(acquiring an individuality of the meaning and function).

국어의 수사 범주론

김인균(In Kyun Kim) 한국어학회 2008 한국어학 Vol.39 No.-

일반논문 : "(이)서" 문법

김인균 ( In Kyun Kim ) 반교어문학회 2015 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.0 No.40

본고는 ‘혼자서’와 ‘둘이서, 셋이서’ 등의 다양한 분포 양상을 살펴 그 문법적 특성 및 의미적 특성을 검토하고 ‘(이)서’ 구성의 형태 분석을 통해 ‘이’와 ‘서’그리고 ‘이서’의 문법 범주 및 의미를 규명해 보고자 하였다. ‘(이)서’ 구성은 구성 성분의 내부 구조와 그 문법 범주를 고려할 때 아래와 같이 ‘혼자서’와 ‘둘이서1’, ‘둘이서2’와 ‘두 명이서’류로 구분할 수 있다. 한편 ‘혼자서’는 행동하는 주체가 단수임을, ‘둘이서1’은 행동을 (함께) 하는 주체가 복수임을 의미한다. 이때 ‘둘이서1’의 ‘이’는 파생 접미사로 이들 ‘둘이, 셋이’는 ‘혼자’와 대비되는 하나의 묶음 단위로 기능하여 ‘공동성(여동성)’이라는 파생된 의미를 가지며 ‘혼자서, 둘이서1’의 보조사 ‘서’는 ‘존재 전제’라는 의미를 나타낸다. ‘둘이서2’와 ‘두 명이서’류에 나타나는, 문법화의 결과물인 부사격조사 ‘이서’는 특이하게도 자음으로 끝나는 선행 형식과만 분포하고, 주어를 포함한 선행 성분이 하나의 단위로 묶인 것임을 전제하는 의미를 나타낸다. The aim of this paper is to investigate a grammatical form ‘(i)seo’(‘(이)서’) in the sort of ‘honja-seo’(‘혼자서’), ‘dul-i-seo’(‘둘이서’) and ‘set-i-seo’(‘셋이서’) synchronically. First of all, ‘(i)seo’ constructions are classified into ‘honja-seo’ (‘혼자서’), ‘dul-i-seo1’(‘둘이서1’) and ‘dul-iseo2’(‘둘이서2’), ‘du myeong-iseo’(‘두명이서’류) according to internal structure of constituents and the grammatical category as follows. Meanwhile, ‘honja-seo’(‘혼자서’) functioning as a adverbial in the sentence means agent is the singular, and ‘dul-i-seo1’(‘둘이서1’) functioning as the same means agent is the plural. And ‘i’(‘이’) of ‘dul-i-seo1’(‘둘이서1’) is a derived suffix ‘i’(‘이’), as a result ‘dul-i’(‘둘이’), ‘set-i’(‘셋이’) have a meaning of joint-partnership and the ‘seo’ of ‘honja-seo’(‘혼자서’), ‘dul-i-seo1’(‘둘이서1’) is a auxiliary particle signifying as premise of existence. And the adverbial case particle ‘iseo’ into ‘dul-iseo2’(‘둘이서2’), ‘du myeong-iseo’(‘두 명이서’류), formed by a grammaticalization is only combined with preceding forms ending as consonant, and premises that a preceding constituent including the subject is bound by one unit.

위암환자에서 전산화 단층촬영과 수술후 병기의 비교관찰

목우균(Woo-Kyun Mok),김인구(In-Koo Kim) 대한외과학회 1989 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.37 No.4

한국어와 중국어의 수량 표현

김인균 ( In Kyun Kim ) 시학과 언어학회 2005 시학과 언어학 Vol.9 No.-