경청의 도덕교육적 해석 : 레비나스의 논의를 중심으로

김은미 ( Kim¸ Eunmi ) 한국윤리학회 2021 倫理硏究 Vol.134 No.1

본 연구는 상호 호혜성을 넘어서는 윤리의 의미를 제시하는 레비나스의 논의를 통해, 도덕수업에서 타자의 말을 듣는 것이 어떤 의미를 가지는가를 고찰하고자 한다. 이를 위해서 무한으로서의 타자의 초월성이 ‘가까움(la proximité)’에서 드러난다는 점을 밝히고 실제 대화 속에서 타자의 말함을 향해 온 몸을 기울이는 경청을 말함과 들음의 윤리로 해석하고자 한다. 이러한 고찰을 통해서 도덕수업에서의 들음이 어떤 윤리적 의미를 가지는가를 살피고, 서로의 말함에 귀를 기울이는 몸짓의 중요성을 강조하고자 한다. This paper develops a discussion on the concept of listening in moral education. The importance of listening should be conceptualized as 'realizing ontological openness' for Other. For this analysis, this paper tries to examine the transcendence of Other and the relation between listening to Other and the proximity(la proximité) to Other. With respect to this, we introduce Levinas’s approach to reveal the value of giving ear. On the basis of this approach, we can examine the ethical meaning of listening, and suggest a new interpretation to emphasize the implication of speaking and listening in moral education.

과열증기를 이용한 무우절임 제품의 제조공정 설정 및 품질 개선효과

김은미,임정호,최윤상,전기홍,Kim, Eunmi,Lim, Jeong-Ho,Choi, Yun-Sang,Jeon, Ki-Hong 한국식품저장유통학회 2017 Food Science and Preservation Vol.24 No.5

This study was conducted to develop radish as a food product for home meal replacement using superheated steam (SHS). Also, the change of quality characteristics was studied during their storage. The radish cuts were treated with SHS for 0, 3, 5, and 7 min, respectively, followed by complete drying at $80^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours. The results showed that radishes restored with mixed solution (drinking water:sugar:vinegar:salt=2:1:0.8:0.1) were harder than those restored with drinking water. All radishes were stored at 5, 10 and $15^{\circ}C$ for 56 days to investigate the changes of quality characteristics during the storage. Radishes in the control group, restored with drinking water and stored at $15^{\circ}C$, were spoiled after 7 days of storage. The radish in the experimental group did not show any change in the water content; except an increase on the first day of storage. The hardness of radish decreased with an increase in the storage period. It was found that microbial growth was inhibited due to low pH of the mixed solution, in which radishes of the experimental group were immerse.

지역사회 거주 노인의 우울 증상이 인지기능에 미치는 누적적인 영향에 관한 연구: 고령화연구패널조사 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 자료를 중심으로

김은미,오진경,허익수,Kim, Eunmi,Oh, Jinkyung,Huh, Iksoo 한국간호과학회 2023 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.53 No.4

Purpose: This study investigated the cumulative effects of depressive symptoms on cognitive function over time in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Data were investigated from 2,533 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from the 5th (2014) to the 8th wave (2020). The association between cumulative depressive symptoms and cognitive function was identified through multiple regression analysis. Results: When the multiple regression analysis was conducted from each wave, the current depressive symptoms scores and cognitive function scores were negatively associated, regardless of the waves (B5th = - 0.26, B6th = - 0.26, B7th = - 0.26, and B8th = - 0.27; all p < .001). Further, when all the previous depressive symptoms scores were added as explanatory variables in the 8th wave, the current one (B8th = - 0.09, p < .001) and the previous ones (B5th = - 0.11, B6th = - 0.09, and B7th = - 0.13; all p < .001) were also negatively associated with the cognitive function score. The delta R², which indicates the difference between the model's R² with and without the depressive symptoms scores, was greater in the model with all the previous and current depressive symptoms scores (6.4%) than in the model with only the current depressive symptoms score (3.6%). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms in older adults have a long-term impact. This results in an accumulated adverse effect on the cognitive function. Therefore, to prevent cognitive decline in older adults, we suggest detecting their depressive symptoms early and providing continuous intervention to reduce exposure to long-term depressive symptoms.

과열수증기와 고압 처리를 이용한 불고기의 품질개선

김은미,서상희,최윤상,전기홍,이은정,Kim, Eunmi,Seo, Sanghee,Choi, Younsang,Chun, Kihong,Lee, Eunjung 한국식품저장유통학회 2017 Food Science and Preservation Vol.24 No.5

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of superheated steam (SHS) and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) techniques on the improvement of the quality of Bulgogi product during manufacturing process. Bulgogi product was treated with four different cooking/treatment process: conventional cooking (CC), SHS cooking (SHS), CC and then HHP cooking (CC-HHP), and SHS and HHP cooking (SHS-HHP) samples. SHS treated product increased moisture content, and decreased crude protein. Additionally, hardness, gumminess and shear force values were significantly different among the samples (p<0.05). In safety experiment after 14 days of storage at refrigeration temperature indicated that the bacterial population was lower in the case of SHS-HHP as compared to CC-HHP. Changes in texture during the storage periods at $10^{\circ}C$ for SHS-HHP was lowest values with compared to the initial, while shear force values for both tended to decrease with increasing storage period. The TBA and VBN values for SHS-HHP increased to 0.48 ($5^{\circ}C$)-1.68 ($10^{\circ}C$) mg MD/kg and 25.14 ($5^{\circ}C$)-45.14 ($10^{\circ}C$) mg%, respectively after 15 days of storage. Overall, it was found that the combination of SHS and HHP reduced microbial growth, thus leading to improved product quality and sanitation.

산채류 자원의 가공소재화

김은미(Eunmi Kim) 한국식품과학회 2016 식품과학과 산업 Vol.49 No.2

대부분의 산채는 한 계절에만 생산되므로 연중 공급될 수 있는 건조 상태로 유통된다. 건조 산채에 필요한 제품화 기술로는 재수화시간 단축기술, 간편 즉석 산채와 즉석 조리 산채의 제품화 기술 등이다. 식품소재로의 응용분야 확대를 위해서는 산채를 미분화하여 일반식품소재화 하는 방법이 적합하다. 그러나 전분함량이 낮은 산채류는 분쇄력이 가해지기 어려워 공업 규모에서의 미분말 제조가 곤란하고 비용적인 문제로 용도가 제한된다. 따라서 산채의 식품소재화 공정에서 중요한 핵심기술은 분쇄이므로 저비용에서의 미분말 제조기술 개발이 필요하다.

불균형 데이터 환경에서 변수가중치를 적용한 사례기반추론 기반의 고객반응 예측

김은미(Eunmi Kim),홍태호(Taeho Hong) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2015 지능정보연구 Vol.21 No.1

Response modeling is a well-known research issue for those who have tried to get more superior performance in the capability of predicting the customers’ response for the marketing promotion. The response model for customers would reduce the marketing cost by identifying prospective customers from very large customer database and predicting the purchasing intention of the selected customers while the promotion which is derived from an undifferentiated marketing strategy results in unnecessary cost. In addition, the big data environment has accelerated developing the response model with data mining techniques such as CBR, neural networks and support vector machines. And CBR is one of the most major tools in business because it is known as simple and robust to apply to the response model. However, CBR is an attractive data mining technique for data mining applications in business even though it hasn’t shown high performance compared to other machine learning techniques. Thus many studies have tried to improve CBR and utilized in business data mining with the enhanced algorithms or the support of other techniques such as genetic algorithm, decision tree and AHP (Analytic Process Hierarchy). Ahn and Kim(2008) utilized logit, neural networks, CBR to predict that which customers would purchase the items promoted by marketing department and tried to optimized the number of k for k-nearest neighbor with genetic algorithm for the purpose of improving the performance of the integrated model. Hong and Park(2009) noted that the integrated approach with CBR for logit, neural networks, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) showed more improved prediction ability for response of customers to marketing promotion than each data mining models such as logit, neural networks, and SVM. This paper presented an approach to predict customers’ response of marketing promotion with Case Based Reasoning. The proposed model was developed by applying different weights to each feature. We deployed logit model with a database including the promotion and the purchasing data of bath soap. After that, the coefficients were used to give different weights of CBR. We analyzed the performance of proposed weighted CBR based model compared to neural networks and pure CBR based model empirically and found that the proposed weighted CBR based model showed more superior performance than pure CBR model. Imbalanced data is a common problem to build data mining model to classify a class with real data such as bankruptcy prediction, intrusion detection, fraud detection, churn management, and response modeling. Imbalanced data means that the number of instance in one class is remarkably small or large compared to the number of instance in other classes. The classification model such as response modeling has a lot of trouble to recognize the pattern from data through learning because the model tends to ignore a small number of classes while classifying a large number of classes correctly. To resolve the problem caused from imbalanced data distribution, sampling method is one of the most representative approach. The sampling method could be categorized to under sampling and over sampling. However, CBR is not sensitive to data distribution because it doesn’t learn from data unlike machine learning algorithm. In this study, we investigated the robustness of our proposed model while changing the ratio of response customers and nonresponse customers to the promotion program because the response customers for the suggested promotion is always a small part of nonresponse customers in the real world. We simulated the proposed model 100 times to validate the robustness with different ratio of response customers to response customers under the imbalanced data distribution. Finally, we found that our proposed CBR based model showed superior performance than compared models under the imbalanced data sets. Our study is expected to improve the performance of response model for the pro

모발의 분할분석에 의한 메스암페타민의 복용시기 추정

김은미(EunMi Kim),한은영(EunYoung Han),이재신(JaeSin Lee),정희선(HeeSun Chung),유영찬(YoungChan Yoo) 한국법과학회 2002 한국법과학회 학술대회 Vol.2002 No.1

가스크로마토그래피/질량분석기를 이용한 약물의 확인 및 간이 정량분석 프로그램 개발

김은미(Eunmi Kim),한은영(Eunyoung Han),홍효정(Hyojeong Hong),정수진(Sujin Jeong),최상길(Sanggil Choe),이종숙(Jongsook Rhee),정진미(Jinmi Jung),염혜선(Hyesun Yeom),이한선(Hansun Lee),이상기(Sangki Lee) 대한약학회 2011 약학회지 Vol.55 No.2

Systematic toxicological analysis (STA) means the process for general unknown screening of drugs and toxic compounds in biological fluids. In order to establish STA, in previous study we investigated pattern of drugs & poisons in autopsy cases during 2007~2009 in Korea, and finally selected 62 drugs as target drugs for STA. In this study, rapid and simple drug identification and quantitative analytical program by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was developed. The in-house program, “DrugMan”, consisted of modified chemstation data analysis menu and newly developed macro modules. Total 55 drugs among 62 target drugs were applied to this program, they were 14 antidepressants, 8 antihistamines, 5 sedatives/hypnotics, 5 narcotic analgesics, 3 antipsychotic drugs, and etc. For calibration curves, fifty five drugs were divided into four groups of range considering their therapeutic or toxic concentrations in blood specimen, i.e. 0.05~1 mg/l, 0.1~1 mg/l, 0.1~5 mg/l or 0.5~10 mg/l. Standards spiked bloods were extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE) with trimipramine-D3 as internal standard. Parameters such as retention times, 3 mass fragment ions, and calibration curves for each drug were registered to DrugMan. A series of identification, semi quantitation of target drugs and reporting the results were performed automatically. Calibration curves for most drugs were linear with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.98. Sensitivity rate of DrugMan was 0.90 (90%) for 55 drugs at the level of 0.5 mg/l. For standard spiked bloods at the level of 0.5 mg/l for 29 drugs, semi quantitative concentrations were ranged 0.36~0.64 mg/l by DrugMan. If more drugs are registered to database in DrugMan in further study, it will be useful tools for STA in forensic toxicology.

변혁적 역량의 초등 도덕교육적 해석 - 니체의 논의를 중심으로 -

김은미 ( Kim Eunmi ) 한국초등도덕교육학회 2022 초등도덕교육 Vol.- No.77

본 연구는 OECD의 ‘교육 2030’에 등장한 변혁적 역량이 가지는 초등도덕교육적 의미를 탐구하고자 한다. 이를 위해서 니체의 저작을 중심으로 ‘어린아이’가 가지는 가치 창조의 힘이 무엇인가를 고찰하고자 한다. 니체의 논의에서 가치의 창조자에 비유되는 어린아이는 우연성을 긍정하고 망각과 약속의 능력을 동시에 가진다. 어린아이는 이와 같은 특성을 바탕으로 자신의 삶의 가치를 능동적으로 창조한다. 나아가 어린아이를 가치의 창조자로 해석하는 시각에 대해 제기될 수 있는 반론(무지에 기반하는 긍정, 망각과 약속의 대립, 규범의 습관화 이후)을 살펴보면서 각각에 대해 비판하고자 한다. 이를 통해 인간 정신의 변화 단계의 최상위에 해당하는 어린아이의 특성을 제시하고 가치 창조의 힘인 변혁적 역량이 초등 도덕교육에서 어떤 의미를 지닐 수 있는가를 밝히고자 한다. In this work, we pursue the significance of transformative competencies in elementary moral education. For this, we try to throw a light on Friedrich Nietzsche’s writings. In his works, the child as a creator of his values has the ability of self-affirmation and the right of promise and oblivion. Following Nietzsche’s idea on the ability of creating new values, we found the application to transformative competencies in elementary moral education. We examine this theme carefully in a few critical ways and make a counter-argument to the criticism. Through these considerations, this study suggests the educational significance of transformative competencies and proposes the direction of the elementary moral education.

최근 3년간 국내 변사체 중 약독물 검출 유형(2007~2009) - 약독물 검출 시스템 확립을 위한 목표 약물의 선별 -

김은미(Eunmi Kim),김지현(Jihyun Kim),홍효정(Hyojeong Hong),정수진(Sujin Jeong),인상환(Sanghwan In),이종숙(Jongsook Rhee),정진미(Jinmi Jung),이한선(Hansun Lee),이상기(Sangki Lee) 대한약학회 2010 약학회지 Vol.54 No.5

The majority of forensic autopsies in Korea are performed by the National Institute of Scientific Investigation (NISI), and the NISI has carried out about 4,000 cases annually. Total 4,578 autopsies were performed by NISI in 2009, among them 2,918 cases (64%) were carried out at main office of NISI in Seoul, which is in charge of Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi province. In this study we investigated pattern of drugs & poisons in autopsy cases for recent three years in Korea. Postmortem specimens (bloods, gastric contents, etc) from autopsy cases by main office of NISI during 2007~2009 were screened for drugs & poisons. Using laboratory information management system of NISI (iLIMS), the kinds of drugs & poisons and the frequency were investigated. As the results, 1,705 cases were negative to drugs & poisons, it occupied 58% of total 2,918 autopsy cases in 2009. During three years (2007~2009), the kinds of drugs & poisons detected in specimens were 206, 185 and 203, respectively, and top three drugs were atropine (anticholinergic), chlorpheniramine (antihistamine) and lidocaine (local anaesthetic/anti-arrythmic). These drugs were supposed to be used not so much for suicidal or homicidal purpose as for therapeutic purpose in hospital. Meanwhile cyanide showed the highest frequency of poisons during 2007~2009, and the frequency was 32 cases in 2009. In case of pesticides, poisoning by paraquat (herbicide, 17 cases) showed the highest frequency, and methomyl (insecticide, 9 cases) and glyphosate (herbicide, 7 cases) were followed. Finally we selected 62 drugs as target drugs for systematic toxicological analysis (STA) for Korea. Poisons such as pesticides, natural toxins, volatile compounds should be included for STA in further study.