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Fabrication and Material Issues for the Application of SiC Composites to LWR Fuel Cladding
김원주,김대종,박지연 한국원자력학회 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.4
The fabrication methods and requirements of the fiber, interphase, and matrix of nuclear grade SiCf/SiC composites are briefly reviewed. A CVI-processed SiCf/SiC composite with a PyC or (PyC–SiC)n interphase utilizing Hi-Nicalon Type S or Tyranno SA3 fiber is currently the best combination in terms of the irradiation performance. We also describe important material issues for the application of SiC composites to LWR fuel cladding. The kinetics of the SiC corrosion under LWR conditions needs to be clarified to confirm the possibility of a burn-up extension and the cost-benefit effect of the SiC composite cladding. In addition, the development of end-plug joining technology and fission products retention capability of the ceramic composite tube would be key challenges for the successful application of SiC composite cladding.
흰쥐에서 생애초기의 스트레스 경험이 성숙후 신경행동에 미치는 영향
김원주,이서울,김동구,김경환,Kim, Won-Joo,Lee, Seo-Ul,Kim, Dong-Goo,Kim, Kyung-Hwan 대한약리학회 1995 대한약리학잡지 Vol.31 No.2
This study aimed to determine whether exposure to stress during developmental period causes permanent behavioral and/or neurochemical alterations. Alterations of behavior were studied in young and aged rats which have been exposed to uncontrollable and unpredictable electric shocks on postnatal day(PND) 14 or PND 14 and 21. The concentrations of monoaminergic neurotransmitters were also measured to determine whether the behavioral alterations were accompanied by neurochemical changes. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The rate of increase in body weight was reduced at one day after exposure to the 1st series of shocks on PND14. However, these findings could not be observed after exposure to the 2nd series of shocks on PND 21. 2) Explorative activity decreased at one day after exposure to the 1st series of shocks on PND14. However this findings could not be observed after exposure to the 2nd series of shocks on PND 21. 3) At 100 days of age, there were little changes in the spontaneous locomotor activities measured for consecutive 23 hrs. However, there was positive correlation between the shock number showing the 1st helplessness during receiving the 1st series of shocks and the night time ambulatory activity of females, and was negative correlation between the shock number showing the 1st helplessness during receiving the 1st or 2nd series of shocks on PND 14 or 21 and the night time ambulatory activity of females. 4) At $360{\sim}390$ days of age, night time ambulatory activity decreased in female rats which have been exposed to shocks on PND 14 and 21, but not in males. 5) In the aged female rats, the concentrations of 5-HT, dopamine and their metabolites were not different among groups. However, the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT increased in the frontal cortices of rats exposed to shocks on PND 14 and 21. These results demonstrate that the early experience of serious stress results in persistent alterations of behavior accompanying altered neurochemistry, and aging may unmask a subtle neuronal deficit causes by the early experience of serious stress.
김원주,한영숙 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.5
In this study, the author examined the fermentative abilities and baking properties of commercial baker's yeasts and suggested the fundamental data for the development of the yeast products industry. Carbon dioxide production, expansion abilities of doughs, and maltose fermentative abilities were measured with commercial yeasts. The fermentative abilities of various bread doughs were determined in comparison to a reference yeast and a selected yeast from commercial yeast. Various breads were prepared by these two yeasts and their sensory properties were evaluated. Y7, followed by Y5 and Y4, shooed higher ability than any other commercial yeasts in the gassing power of the dough, as measured by a Meissle fermenter. In the expansion abilities of the doughs made from various yeasts by M-Cylinder, Y7, followed by Y4 and Y5, showed the best expansion ability the results were similar to those for gassing power. Therefore, Y7 was selected. The maltose fermentative abilities of various yeasts in Atkin's liquid medium showed a higher value in Y5, Y7 and Y4. Selected yeast Y7 and the reference yeast K were used for determining the fermentative abilities of various bread doughs. For the various breads prepared by K and Y7, the qualities of the breads such as volume, weight and specific volume were measured. The volume by Y7 was higher in the straight dough bread, and that by K was higher in the sponge dough bread. In the sweet dough bread, both Y7 and K were excellent groups for it. Sensory properties of various breads made from K scored high on the items such as external properties and color in the straight dough bread. It also acquired a good score on the item of the crusts in the sweet dough bread. The overall acceptability of Y7 and K were similar.
김원주 대한수면연구학회 2013 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.10 No.1
Background : For evaluating the work load for medical residents, it is important to search the work hour and sleep status. The purpose of this study was to find out the sleep status of residents in neurology department in Korea. Methods : We recruited neurological residents of 12 University hospitals. They completed questionnaires including their sleep and work hours, sleep habit, Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), health problem and so on. Results : We excluded the residents who were diagnosed sleep disorder in history. One hundred three residents (male: 67, female 36) were analyzed. Average sleep duration on off duty days was 5.8 ± 0.9 hours, on duty days was 4.6 ± 1.3 hours and mean work hours was 14.6 ± 2.3 hours. Average SSS score was 2.6 ± 1.0 and ESS was 10.6 ± 5.1. Group analyzed by resident grade showed short sleep duration in first and second grade on duty days. ESS score was higher in first and second grade than other grades. Conclusions : Most neurological residents were suffered from sleep deprivation especially first and second grade on duty days. They also feel sleepiness drowsiness during a daytime.