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불산 처리 시간이 IPS Empress<sup>®</sup> 2 세라믹의 2축 굴곡강도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구
김연휘,신수연,조인호,이준석,Kim, Youn-Hwi,Shin, Soo-Yeon,Cho, In-Ho,Lee, Joon-Seok 대한턱관절교합학회 2007 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.23 No.4
Fluoric acid etching is an essential procedure in cementation of reinforced ceramics to tooth surface. But there have been few studies about the changes of surface structure and flexural strength of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic according to the etching time. The objectives of this study were to examine the surface structure changes and the difference in biaxial flexural strength of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic according to various etching times. Sixty one disk-shaped specimens of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic($14mm{\times}1.2mm$) were fabricated for the biaxial flexural strength test and SEM analysis according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Sixty specimens were divided into 6 groups(n=10) according to the time of HF acid etching(0, 20, 180 and 300s)and silane/resin cement application. Each disk was loaded using a piston-on-3 ball biaxial configuration in a universal testing machine. The failure loads(N) were recorded, and the biaxial flexural strength for each disk was calculated. A one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test on transformed fracture strength data were used to determine significant differences between groups. The groups of no cementation showed a trend toward progressive weakening with increasing the etching time. However, this was not statistically significant at p=0.05 level. The groups of resin cementation exhibited no apparent trend in their mean strength values. SEM photomicrographs showed very different results of etching. Within the conditions of this study, alteration of surface topography by acid etching does not have a deleterious effect on the biaxial flexural strength of IPS $Empress^{(R)}$ 2 ceramic.
허벅지 둘레와 제2형 당뇨병 및 심혈관계질환의 위험인자 간 상관관계와 허벅지 둘레 증가를 위한 운동 중재 방법의 고찰
김연휘,이세원 한국운동생리학회 2018 운동과학 Vol.27 No.2
PURPOSE: Metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are associated with dysfunction of glucose metabolism. Thigh circumference reflect body muscle mass and peripheral subcutaneous fat. Based on previous studies, thigh circumference is associated with reduced cardiometabolic dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to investigate the correlation between cardiometabolic dysfunction and thigh circumference, and to provide guidelines for exercise intervention methods for increasing thigh circumference. METHODS: In this review, we summarized previous studies investigating the correlation between the thigh circumference and cardiometabolic disease and also examined the previous study about the change of thigh circumference by exercise. RESULTS: The skeletal muscles that constitute the human thigh have a positive effect on glucose metabolism, and the subcutaneous fat constituting the thighs also plays a positive role in the body, unlike the visceral fat of the abdomen. In the case of women, inconsistent results were observed in the thigh circumference by exercise intervention, whereas significant results were found in men with increased thigh circumference by exercise intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-induced increase in thigh circumference may have a positive impact on lowering the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, there were some limitations in the study of previous studies on the change of thigh circumference by the exercise intervention. It seems that gender-associated differences exist in the thigh circumference by exercise training. Therefore, additional studies on effective exercise interventions for increasing thigh circumference may be necessary.
불산 처리 시간이 IPS Empress? 2 세라믹의 2축 굴곡강도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구
김연휘,신수연,조인호,이준석 대한턱관절교합학회 2007 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.23 No.4
-The Effect of Etching Time on the Biaxial Flexural Strength of IPS Empress 2 Ceramic