14인의 역사학자가 보낸 답변들_김아람

김아람 역사비평사 2012 역사비평 Vol.- No.100

A Comparative Evaluation of the KDSQ-C, AD8, and SMCQ as a Cognitive Screening Test to Be Used in National Medical Check-ups in Korea

김아로,김상윤,박경원,박기형,윤영철,이동우,이준영,이준홍,정지향,최성혜,한현정,김세미,나승희,박미선,임현우,양동원 대한의학회 2019 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.34 No.14

Background: Korea has a periodic general health check-up program that uses the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition (KDSQ-C) as a cognitive dysfunction screening tool. The Alzheimer Disease 8 (AD8) and Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ) are also used in clinical practice. We compared the diagnostic ability of these screening questionnaires for cognitive impairment when completed by participants and their caregivers. Hence, we aimed to evaluate whether the SMCQ or AD8 is superior to the KDSQ-C and can be used as its replacement. Methods: A total of 420 participants over 65 years and their informants were recruited from 11 hospitals for this study. The patients were grouped into normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia subgroups. The KDSQ-C, AD8, and SMCQ were completed separately by participants and their informants. Results: A receiver operating characteristic analysis of questionnaire scores completed by participants showed that the areas under the curve (AUCs) for the KDSQ-C, AD8, and SMCQ for diagnosing dementia were 0.75, 0.8, and 0.73, respectively. Regarding informant- completed questionnaires, the AD8 (AUC of 0.93), KDSQ-C (AUC of 0.92), and SMCQ (AUCof 0.92) showed good discriminability for dementia, with no differences in discriminability between the questionnaires. Conclusion: When an informant-report is possible, we recommend that the KDSQ-C continues to be used in national medical check-ups as its discriminability for dementia is not different from that of the AD8 or SMCQ. Moreover, consistent data collection using the same questionnaire is important. When an informant is not available, either the KDSQ-C or AD8 may be used. However, in the cases of patient-reports, discriminability is lower than that for informant-completed questionnaires.

Reliability and Validity of a Short Form of the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition

김아로,김상윤,박경원,박기형,윤영철,이동우,이준영,이준홍,정지향,최성혜,한현정,김세미,나승희,박미선,임현우,양동원 대한신경과학회 2020 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.16 No.1

Background and Purpose We aimed to determine the reliability and validity of a short form of the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition (KDSQ-C) as a screening tool for cognitive dysfunction. Methods This study recruited 420 patients older than 65 years and their informants from 11 hospitals, and categorized the patients into normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia subgroups. The KDSQ-C was completed separately by the patients and their informants. We abstracted three components of the KDSQ-C and combined these components into the following four subscales: KDSQ-C-I (items 1–5, memory domain), KDSQ-C-II (items 1–5 & 11–15, memory domain+activities of daily living), KDSQ-C-III (items 1–5 & 6–10, memory domain+other cognitive domains), and KDSQ-C-IV (items 6–10 & 11–15, other cognitive domains+activities of daily living). The reliability and validity were compared between these four subscales. Results A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of questionnaire scores provided by the patients showed that the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) for the KDSQ-C, KDSQC- I, and KDSQ-C-II for diagnosing dementia were 0.75, 0.72, and 0.76, respectively; the corresponding AUCs for informant-completed questionnaires were 0.92, 0.89, and 0.92, indicating good discriminability for dementia. Conclusions A short form of the patient- and informant-rated versions of the KDSQ-C (KDSQ- C-II) is as capable as the 15-item KDSQ-C in screening for dementia.

Mortality of Deep Brain Stimulation and Risk Factors in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A National Cohort Study in Korea

김아로,양희준,권지현,Kim Min-Ho,이지호,전범석 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.3

Background: This study aimed to investigate 1) long-term outcomes of deep brain stimulation (DBS), such as mortality after DBS as well as the causes of death, 2) demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing mortality, and 3) comorbidities affecting mortality after DBS in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: This study analyzed the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database. Data on patients with PD diagnosis codes from 2002 to 2019 were extracted and analyzed. Data on the causes of death were obtained by linking the causes of death to data from Statistics Korea. The Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals. Regarding comorbidities such as PD dementia and fracture, which did not satisfy the assumption for the proportional HR, timedependent Cox analysis with the Mantel-Byar method was used. Results: From 2005 to 2017, among 156,875 patients diagnosed with PD in Korea, 1,079 patients underwent DBS surgery, and 251 (23.3%) had died by 2019. The most common cause of death (47.1%) was PD. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the higher the age at diagnosis and surgery, the higher the mortality rate. The men and medical aid groups had significantly higher mortality rates. PD dementia and fracture were identified as risk factors for mortality. Conclusion: Older age at diagnosis and surgery, being male, the use of medical aid, and the comorbidity of dementia and fractures were associated with a higher risk of mortality after DBS in patients with PD. Neurologists should consider these risk factors in assessing the prognosis of PD patients undergoing DBS.

국내 이산화탄소 지중격리저장 실증실험 후보부지의 역학적 안정성 평가 기초해석

김아람(A-Ram Kim),김형목(Hyung-Mok Kim),김현우(Hyun-Woo Kim),신영재(Young-Jae Shinn) 한국암반공학회 2017 터널과지하공간 Vol.27 No.2

이산화탄소 지중저장 사업의 성공적인 수행을 위해서는 저장시스템의 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 대상지층을 선정하고 현장 지질조건에 최적화된 주입 조건을 설계해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 국내 실증실험 대상 예상후보지의 하나인 장기분지의 지질구조를 바탕으로 2차원 간략해석모델을 구축하고 TOUGH-FLAC 연계해 기법을 사용하여 초기응력조건과 주입량이 이산화탄소 격리저장시스템에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기초해석 결과, 수직응력이 수평응력보다 우세한 정단층 응력조건에서 전단미끄러짐 가능성이 가장 높은 결과를 보였으며, 단위시간당 주입량을 달리하는 주입량 시나리오 해석에서는 주입량을 단계적으로 증가시켜 주입하는 경우가 공극압의 증가폭이 가장 크고 활동마찰계수를 이용한 전단미끄러짐 가능성 평가 결과에서도 가장 불리한 것으로 평가되었다. For a successful performance of Carbon Capture Sequestration (CCS) projects, appropriate injection conditions should be designed to be optimized for site specific geological conditions. In this study, we built a simple 2-dimensional analysis model, based on the geology of Jang-gi basin which is one of the potential sites of domestic CCS projects. We evaluated the impact of initial stress conditions and injection rate through coupled TOUGH-FLAC simulator. From the preliminary analysis, we constructed risk scenarios with the higher potential of shear slip and performed scenario analysis. Our analysis showed that normal stress regime produced the highest potential of shear slip and stepwise increasing injection rate scenario resulted in much larger pore pressure build up and consequent higher potential of the shear slip, which was evaluated using a mobilized friction coefficient.

국내 그린케어 운영실태 조사 분석

김아라,조은정,최수명,김상철 한국농촌계획학회 2016 농촌계획 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this study is to draw implications and critical success factors by surveying and analysing practice cases of green care in south Korea. To achieve the object of this study, many valuable cases were checked through preceding researches and internet informations. Case study targets were divided into side-work farmer type, professional farmer type, and Institution directed type, and then case study surveys were performed by each type. Every case has the natural environment in common, and tries to satisfy users’s demands and to give the opportunity to communicate. Especially, the strong motivation, mind, and entrepreneurship of operators are very important factors for green care. If the development of government supporting policies and related education programs are accompanied with lots of potential such as Korean oriental medicine, rural tourism village, and sixth industry project, it will be possible to introduce and manage green care successfully.

자연스런 손동작을 이용한 모바일 로봇의 동작제어

김아람(A-Ram Kim),이상용(Sang-Yong Rhee) 한국지능시스템학회 2014 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

오늘날 일상생활에서 인간과 함께 생활하는 로봇들은 자연스러운 의사소통 방법이 요구된다. 따라서 기존의 단순한 로봇제어 방식을 이용하여 제어하는 것 보다 실제 사람과 상호작용 하는 것과 같은 방식의 제어방식이 요구되고 있다. 기존의 연구들은 사람의 행동 자체를 인식하는 것에 초점이 맞추어져 있어서 자연스러운 의사소통을 하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 모바일 로봇을 제어하는 방법으로 자연스러운 손동작을 은닉 마르코프 모델(HMM: hidden markov model) 과 퍼지추론을 이용하는 방법을 제안한다. 키넥트 센서를 이용해 색상 데이터와 깊이 데이터를 획득하고 사람의 손을 검색하고 HMM 과 Mamdani 퍼지추론을 이용하여 손동작을 인식한다. 인식된 결과를 로봇에게 전달하여 원하는 방향으로 이동시킨다. In this paper, we propose a method that gives motion command to a mobile robot to recognize human being"s hand gesture. Former way of the robot-controlling system with the movement of hand used several kinds of pre-arranged gesture, therefore the ordering motion was unnatural. Also it forced people to study the pre-arranged gesture, making it more inconvenient. To solve this problem, there are many researches going on trying to figure out another way to make the machine to recognize the movement of the hand. In this paper, we used third-dimensional camera to obtain the color and depth data, which can be used to search the human hand and recognize its movement based on it. We used HMM method to make the proposed system to perceive the movement, then the observed data transfers to the robot making it to move at the direction where we want it to be.

모바일 로봇 기반의 도서 관리 시스템 개발

김아람(A-Ram Kim),이세한(Se-Han Lee),이상용(Sang-Yong Rhee) 한국지능시스템학회 2016 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.26 No.1

본 논문에서는 도서관의 도서 관리 효율을 높이기 위해 도서들이 제 위치를 정상적으로 배치되어 있음을 검증하는 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 개방형 도서관에서 일반인들이 도서를 열람하고 난 후, 고의 혹은 실수로 인해 제자리에 도서를 꽂아 놓지 않는 경우가 발생한다. 이렇게 되면 소장되어 있는 도서임에도 불구하고 분실도서로 처리되어 다른 사람이 열람하지 못하게 된다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 로봇을 이용하여 서가의 영상을 획득하고, 획득한 영상으로부터 책의 분류정보를 읽어드려서 도서의 위치를 데이터베이스와 비교하여 검증한 다음, 잘못 비치된 도서를 사서에게 알려주는 시스템을 제안한다. In this paper, we propose a method for verifying the location of the books in working order to enhance the effiency of library management. On open libraries, occasionally people relocate the book by mistake or intention after reading one. In this occasion, the book is assorted as a lost property and cannot be lended to others, even though it is still in the library. To solve this problem, the system we propose takes an image of the book selves by a mobile robot and extracts the classifying information of the book. After comparison between current location of the book and assigned location of the library database, information of the mislocated books is notified to the librarian.

시각적 자극 높이가 뇌성마비 아동의 보행에 미치는 영향

김아람(Kim A Ram),정지운(Jung Jee Woon),고태성(Ko Tae Sung) 대한치료과학회 2017 대한치료과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence on walking according to the position of the head and the stability of the torso when visual stimulation are provided from the head (upper), and the foot (lower). Method: When walking the treadmill to five children with cerebral palsy capable of independent walking, visual stimulation is provided at a distance of 60 cm horizontally from the head (upper) and feet (lower) of the child to identify the walking element. Results: Stride length was higher when the height of the visual stimulus was located on the head (upper), and the step width was lower when the visual stimulus was provided on the head (upper) And Cadence was low when visual stimuli were provided in the head (upper). Conclusion: It is believed that walking ability can be improved when the visual stimulus height is provided in the head (upper) than when the height is provided in the foot (lower) for children with cerebral palsy.

야콘 분말이 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 콜레스테롤 저하 및 비만 억제효과에 미치는 영향

김아라(Ah Ra Kim),이재준(Jae Joon Lee),이유미(Yu Mi Lee),정해옥(Hae Ok Jung),이명렬(Myung Yul Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.2

본 연구는 야콘의 혈청, 간 및 지방조직의 체내 지질대사 개선효과와 항비만 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 in vivo에서 5주령 된 흰쥐 수컷 24마리를 10일간 적응시킨 후 정상식이군(N), 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군(HFC), 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이와 5% 야콘 분말 첨가군(HFC-PSL) 및 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군과 10% 야콘 분말 첨가군(HFC-PSH)으로 나누어 4주간 실시하였다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 체중증가량은 야콘 분말의 첨가로 농도 의존적으로 감소되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여한 흰쥐에게 야콘 분말의 첨가는 식이섭취량에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 식이효율은 야콘 분말의 첨가로 유의하게 저하되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가되어진 부고환 및 장간막 지방조직의 무게는 야콘 분말의 급여로 유의하게 저하되었으나, 간조직 무게에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 혈청 중 ALT, AST, ALP 및 LDH 활성도 야콘 분말의 첨가로 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군(HFC)에 비하여 저하되었다. 혈청 중 중성지방 함량의 경우, 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이군들(HFC, HFC-PSL, HFC-PSH) 간의 유의차가 없었으나, 혈청 중총콜레스테롤 함량은 야콘 분말 첨가에 따라 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 야콘 분말의 급여로 인하여 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 감소된 혈청 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 증가 되었고, 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 혈청 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량과 동맥경화지수 및 심혈관위험지수는 유의하게 감소되었다. 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이로 증가된 간조직 및 지방조직의 중성지방 및 총콜레스테롤 함량은 야콘 분말의 급여로 감소하였으며, 특히 부고환지방조직의 총콜레스테롤 함량과 장간막지방조직의 중성 지방 함량은 정상식이군(N)과도 비슷한 경향이었다. 이상의 실험 결과 흰쥐에게 고지방-고콜레스테롤 식이와 함께 급여한 야콘 분말은 체중, 간 및 지방조직의 무게 감소와 더불어 혈청 및 지방조직의 지질대사 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 야콘 분말에 함유된 식이섬유소인 inulin과 fructo-oligo당 등 생리활성 물질에 의해 지방조직의 체지방 형성을 억제함으로써 항비만 효과 및 체내 지질대사 개선과 심혈관계 질환 예방 효과를 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 생각되어지나, 이외의 성분이 어떻게 고지혈증 및 비만을 억제시킬 수 있는지는 추후 더 연구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.) powder on cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity effects in rats fed a high fat-high cholesterol diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemic and obese rat model. Weight-matched male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups according to dietary fat, cholesterol levels and Yacon powder levels. Experimental groups were normal diet group (N), high fat-high cholesterol diet group (HFC), high fat-high cholesterol diet with 5% Yacon powder group (HFC-PSL) and high fat-high cholesterol diet with 10% Yacon powder group (HFC-PSH). The body weight gain and FER were increased by a high fat-high cholesterol diet, but gradually decreased in the Yacon powder fed groups compared with the HFC group. Food intake was lower in HFC groups compared with N group. The liver and adipose tissue weights of HFC group were heavier than those of N group, whereas those of groups administered Yacon powder were gradually decreased. The serum ALT, AST, ALP and LDH activities elevated by a high fat-high cholesterol diet were significantly decreased by Yacon powder administration. Levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index and cardiac risk factor showed a decreasing tendency in the Yacon powder fed groups compared with HFC group. The serum HDL-cholesterol level decreased in the HFC group and markedly increased in the Yacon powder fed groups. Levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride in liver and adipose tissues were lower in Yacon powder administered groups than those in HFC group. These results suggest that Yacon powder may improve lipid metabolism of serum, liver, and adipose tissue and potentially reduce lipid storage.