각종(各種) 랍착법(?着法)에 의(依)한 가공의치(架工義齒) 정밀도(精密度)에 관(關)한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究)

김병기,Kim, Byoung-Ki 대한치과보철학회 1968 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.8 No.1

To compare on the accuracy of bridge made by various soldering technics, four unit bridges were made on a blass original model. They were soldered to each other in the following three ways : In Group I, one central gap between two pieces of pre-soldered abutments and adjacent pontics were soldered at the final step. In Group II, the two gaps between one piece of pre-soldered pontics and two abutments were soldered at the final step. In Group III. the three gaps between two abutments and two ponitcs were soldered at the same time. Misfitting of those bridges were compared by measuring the spaces created between the retainer margins and the shoulders of preparated original model with a micrometer microscope. The author obtained following results : In the final step, the more number of the soldered gap increased, the more accuracy of the bridge decreased.

Market Structure, Bargaining, and Covered Interest Rate Parity

김병기(Byoung-Ki Kim) 한국계량경제학회 2009 한국계량경제학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.2

The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Bank of Korea. When reporting or citing it, the author’s name should always be stated explicitly.

미 연준과 유럽중앙은행의 비전통적 통화정책 수행원칙에 관한 고찰

김병기 ( Byoung Ki Kim ),김진일 ( Jin Ill Kim ) 한국금융연구원 2015 금융연구 Vol.29 No.1

In responding to the Global Financial Crisis, both the Federal Reserve Board (FRB) and the European Central Bank (ECB) have introduced various kinds of unconventional monetary policy measures. Previous papers focused on reviewing the measures or analyzing their macroeconomic influences. In contrast, this paper compares the backgrounds and principles of the unconventional monetary policy conducted by these two central banks and tries to draw some implications that can shed light on monetary policy normalization process. As explained in various speeches by former Chairman Ben Bernanke and other senior officials, FRB`s unconventional measures can be broadly classified into two groups: ones for financial stability and the others for economic stability. The first group of measures-introducing new liquidity supply facilities such as TAF (term auction facility), and intervening in MMF (money market funds), CP (commercial paper) and ABS (asset-backed securities) markets, for example-corresponds to the lender-of-last-resort function of a central bank and has been basically guided by the Bagehot``s dictum: central bank should lend without limit to liquidity-constrained but still-solvable banks against good collateral. These measures were introduced swiftly to help calm financial panics and rather short-lived as financial conditions improved. That is, these measures were introduced well before the policy rate hit the zero lower bound and were subsequently withdrawn shortly after financial market functioning was restored. Operation twist and quantitative easing fall into the second group of measures, which has been adopted in order to influence longer-term interest rates directly while the short-term policy rate reached the effective zero lower bound at the end of 2008. FRB appears to acknowledge the sequentiality of conventional and unconventional measures as long as economic stability is concerned: first conventional then unconventional measures, and in exiting, unwinding unconventional measures first before beginning to raise the policy rate. In contrast, ECB makes it clear that unconventional measures have been designed and implemented in order to focus on its primary objective: maintaining price stability. As a result, ECB has emphasized equal treatment of all commercial banks within their ability to provide collateral, rather than following the Bagehot``s dictum, in providing liquidities. In fact, ECB mainly uses open market operations (longer-term refinancing operations, in particular) and provides whatever amount of liquidity to commercial banks at its policy rate as long as the collaterals are secured. In addition, ECB has a different view on the relationship between conventional and unconventional measures: unconventional measures can be deployed before the policy rate hits the zero lower bound, and the policy rate can be raised before unconventional measures in force are withdrawn. Furthermore, ECB does not postulate financial distress as a direct cause of unconventional policy measures. These differences regarding principles for unconventional measures seem to reflect the institutional and financial-market structures under which the two central banks operate. FRB introduces unconventional policy measures to achieve financial and economic stability; ECB emphasizes price stability in the medium-run perspective in implementing unconventional monetary policy. Behind these behaviors lies the difference of mandate of the two central banks. In particular, the FRB``s dual mandate (full employment and price stability) contrasts with the ECB``s single mandate to pursue price stability. Monetary policy operating frameworks of the two central banks have also contributed to the differences of principles of unconventional measures. FRB conducts open market operations mainly with primary dealers, consisting of 22 large commercial and investment banks (as of September 2014); in contrast, ECB maintains a large number of trading partners (around 900 for Deutsche Bundesbank only, as of September 2014). Against this background, FRB swiftly established new lending facilities for primary dealers shortly after detecting problems in financial market functioning; ECB, however, introduced fixed-rate full allotment policy in its traditional open market operations to honor equal treatment mentioned above. It should be kept in mind that the principles of FRB and ECB would evolve in the future as the environment surrounding the world economy changes its course-especially regarding the importance of financial stability as a possible mandate for the central bank.

생물활성탄 흡착공정의 역세척 효율에 관한 연구

김병기(Kim Byoung-Ki),김승현(Kim Seung-Hyun),윤종섭(Yun Jong-Sup) 대한토목학회 2000 대한토목학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.3

연안용 소형 카타마란 레저선박의 선형설계에 관한 연구

김병기(Byoung-Ki Kim),김훤모(Hwen-Mo Kim),오우준(Woo-Jun Oh),안영규(Young-Kyu Ahn),이경우(Gyoung-Woo Lee) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2009 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

This article describle a part of collaborative research to develop an initial hull form of 36feet Catamaran Sail yacht. Hydrodynamic performances such as stability, resistance and seaworthiness were estimated after completing the procedure of hull form design in the initial design stage. Design Ship is a sea cruises with rolling, pitching, etc., of environmental causes such Vessel Speed and wave and sail. Those motions make passenger feel inconvenience and they feel tolerance acceleration changes.

연구보문 : 사회과학 ; 라오스 농촌지역의 빈곤퇴치와 농촌개발 전략

김병기 ( Byoung Ki Kim ),정만철 ( Man Chul Jung ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2012 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

Lao PDR is one of the least developed countries in Southeast Asia. It has been implementing economic development plans aimed to reduce poverty through introduction of new economic system in 1986 and national growth and poverty eradication strategy (NGPES) in 2003. As a result, the living standard of the people in urban areas has been improved and the share of the population living below the poverty line also decreased rapidly. Although the overall poverty reduction in Lao PDR has been progressed significantly, the people in rural areas with insufficient social overhead capital such as roads and electric power are still facing serious poverty situation despite efforts by government and international donors. The poverty in rural areas is more serious than that of the urban areas. In addition, the gap between urban and rural areas` development makes income inequality in two regions worse and worse. Construction of irrigation facilities and roads connecting to the urban market is the most important thing to Increase agricultural productivity and production in rural areas among other things. The government of Lao PDR plans to achieve the Millennium Development Goals but they have no adequate financial resources to invest for meeting those goals. Expansion of development aid and public investment in rural areas with inadequate infrastructure will accelerate the penetration of the market mechanism into those areas. The market mechanism will provide farmers with an incentive to increase the agricultural production and it will contribute to eradication of poverty in rural areas. Considering the fact that 68.0% of the population is engaging in self-sufficient agricultural sector and 32.5% of the GDP is based on the agricultural sector, we suggest that the development in rural areas should have the first priority.

분산전원이 연계된 배전계통에 보호협조기기 운용에 관한 연구

김병기(BYOUNG-KI KIM),최성식(SUNG-SIK CHOI),송방운(BANG-WOO SONG),지성호(SEONG-HO JI),송석환(SEOK-HWAN SONG),노대석(DAE-SEOK RHO) 대한전기학회 2013 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.5

통상협상 : 글로칼시대의 해외지역 경제발전 연구 -일본간사이 광역경제권 사례를 중심으로-

김병기 ( Byoung Ki Kim ),유건우 ( Geum Woo Ryu ),박성호 ( Sung Ho Park ) 한국통상정보학회 2014 통상정보연구 Vol.16 No.3

일본의 지방자치단체는 급속한 세계화의 진전으로 인한 치열한 국제경쟁, 인구감소, 저출산 및 고령화, 재정적자의 확대 등 대내외 어려운 상황에서 국내외 지역과의 제휴 및 협력관계로 경제효과를 극대화하는 지역 활성화를 꾀하고 있으며 지역이 가지고 있는 인적 · 물적자원의 효율적인 배분을 통한 산업지원, 재정확보, 행정의 효율화 등을 목적으로 한 광역경제권 형성이 빠르게 진행되고 있다. 특히 간사이 광역연합은 지역산업클러스터 정책 등 광역경제권이 필요로 하는 성장전략을 통합적으로 기획하고 권역 내 자치기구의 성장전략을 조정하는 등 지역경제를 활성화하려는 시도를 추진하고 있으며 현재 광역권내 투자계획 및 조정역할을 간사이 광역연합이 담당하고 있는 등 광역연합의 위상이 한층 제고되고 있다. 급속한 세계화와 정보화가 진행되고 있는 가운데 지역의 다양한 수요를 충족시켜 효용 극대화를 위해서는 국제교류의 주체도 중앙정부에서 지역정부로 이전될 필요가 있다. 외국의 광역지방자치단체와의 국제교류와 국제통상 그리고 산업클러스터 형성은 외부경제효과를 통한 양지역의 기술진보과 규모의 경제효과를 실현시켜 지역경제의 활성화를 실현하는 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 보인다. Due to the rapid progress of globalization, fierce international competition, a declining population, low birth rate and aging population, deficit in a difficult situation at home and abroad, Japan``s local governments expand internal and external alliances and partnerships to maximize the economic benefits to the region seeking to enable in the region have efficient allocation of human and material resources through industry support, funding, and administrative efficiency for the purpose of speeding up the formation of a mega regional economies. Union of Kansai Government implements, especially in the wide area of industrial clusters, economic policy need to comprehensive planning and growth strategy such as adjusting the growth strategy attempts to promote the local economy and to enable investment planning and coordination within the current mega regions, These roles are further improving and upgrading their importance of mega regional phase in Japan’s regional economic policy.

함부르크규칙과 국제화물복합운송조약 (國際貨物複合運送條約)이 해상보험에 미치는 영향

김병기(Byoung Ki Kim) 한국보험학회 1989 保險學會誌 Vol.34 No.-

N/A

Market Structure, Bargaining, and Covered Interest Rate Parity

Byoung-Ki Kim(김병기) 한국무역학회 2009 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2009 No.12

이 논문은 기존 연구에서 시도되지 않았던 시장구조(Market Structure) 및 내쉬협상(Nash Bargaining)에 기반한 이익배분 모형을 구축하여 통화스왑(CRS) 및 국채 금리, 나아가 재정거래 차익의 결정요인을 이론적으로 분석하였다. 일반적인 무위험평형조건과 달리 동 모형하에서는 정책금리 인상, 해외금리 상승, 국내은행의 협상력(Bargaining Power) 증대 등에 대한 외자유입, 국채금리, CRS금리의 반응을 수리적으로 분석하는 것이 가능하다. 아울러 불완전경쟁시장에서 무위험금리평형 이탈이 장기간에 걸쳐 나타나는 이유를 이론적으로 제시할 수 있다. 본 논문의 주요결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 우선 재정거래 유인이 존재하더라도 외국은행들은 시장지배력(Market Power)을 이용하여 양의 수익을 달성할 수 있도록 제한된 규모의 외자를 도입하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 정책금리 등 외생변수(exogenous variable)가 변동할 경우 균형 외자유입액, 국고채금리 및 CRS금리는 다음과 같이 반응하는 것으로 나타났다. (ⅰ) 국내은행의 협상력이 증대되면 CRS금리가 상승 (ⅱ) 해외금리가 상승하면 외자유입액은 감소하고 국고채금리는 해외금리 변동폭보다 작게, CRS금리보다 작게 상승 (ⅲ) 정책금리가 상승하면 외자유입액은 증대되고 국고채금리는 정책금리 상승폭보다 작게, CRS금리보다 크게 상승 (ⅳ) 현물환율이 상승하면 외자유입액이 증대되고 선물환율이 상승하면 외자유입액이 감소 (ⅴ) CRS시장에 참여하고 있는 외국은행의 숫자가 증가할 경우 균형외자유입액은 증대되며 국고채금리와 CRS금리는 하락 특히 본 논문에서는 시장이 보다 경쟁적일수록 국고채금리와 CRS금리가 무위험금리평형조건에 접근하며, 정책금리 조정이 국고채금리에 미치는 영향의 크기가 점차 감소하면서 통화정책의 파급효과도 줄어드는 것으로 분석되었다. The validity of the covered interest rate parity is analyzed under an environment in which foreign banks exercise market power in the government bond and the cross-currency swap markets and bargain with domestic banks over the surplus. To do so, this paper presents a simple model that incorporates the market structure of government bond and cross-currency swap markets, and bargaining between domestic and foreign banks. The bargaining solution represents an equilibrium relationship between the government bond and cross-currency swap rates. Foreign banks' profit/surplus maximization, given the bargaining solution, generates equilibrium foreign inflows, government bond and cross-currency swap rates in the model. This paper proves that the covered interest rate parity does not hold in monopolistic or oligopolistic environments. Furthermore, this paper illustrates some comparative statics results, which may be interesting to policy makers, including the responses of equilibrium foreign inflows, government bond and cross-currency swap rates with respect to adjustments of the policy rate. This paper also traces out how these comparative statics change in magnitude as the markets are populated by more and more foreign banks so that the markets become more and more competitive. This paper shows that the equilibrium government bond and cross-currency swap rates approach the condition imposed by covered interest rate parity as the markets get more competitive, and indeed in the limit, i.e, in perfect competition, the covered interest rate parity holds under some conditions.