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극화활동을 통한 역사교육이 유아의 역사적 사고력과 언어능력에 미치는 효과
김명화,류혜숙 한국영유아교원교육학회 2011 유아교육학논집 Vol.15 No.5
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of history education of dramatic activity on children’s historical thinking ability and language ability. Participants in this study were forty 5-year-old kindergarteners who were divided into and participated as an experimental group and a control group. The experimental treatments took place for 5 weeks. The former group had dramatic activity and executed related activities while the latter group didn’t participate. Instead, it participated in general kindergarten lessons and saw old pictures in the class. Data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 using the scores of pre-test as covariance. The results showed that the experimental group had significantly higher scores on the historical thinking ability and language ability test than did the control group. The results of this study suggested that the biography activity is effective to promote young children’s historical thinking ability and language ability. 본 연구의 목적은 극화활동을 통한 역사교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 개발한 프로그램이 유아의 역사적 사고력과 언어능력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상은 G시에 소재한 W유치원에 다니는 유아 42명(실험집단 21명, 비교집단 21명)이었다. 본 연구에서는 류혜숙과 김명화(2009)가 사용한 역사적 사고력 검사도구, 송주연과 황해익(2003)의 활동중심 유아 언어 평가도구를 본 연구에 맞게 수정, 보완하여 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 t-검증을 통해 실험집단과 비교집단간의 차이를 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과는 옛 그림을 활용한 극화활동이 유아의 역사적 사고력과 언어능력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 결과는 유아교육현장에서 극화활동을 통한 역사교육을 실시하는 것이 효과적인 교수·학습 방법이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.
김명화,한종우 고려대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1993 스포츠科學論叢 Vol.4 No.1
The purpose of this review is to examine Borgrs psycho-physical rating models and properties, and to investigate the evidence that relates to physiological variables with overall signals of perceived exertion during dynamic exercise. This study has been widely accepted for both theoretical analysis and application in medicine, human factors and sports. Now, there are two types of ratio-scaling which have been used in many countries, 15-grade scale rating of perceived exertion and 10-point new rating scale constructed as a category scale with ratio-scale. Perceptual estimates, obtained by psychophysical ratio-scaling method, are valid when describing general perceptual variation, but category method is more useful in several applied situations, when differences between individuals are described. The physiological variables thought to be related to the overall signals of exertion include heart rate(HR),ventilation(Ve),oxygen uptake(VO₂),and blood latate(BL). Pararell changes in HR and rating of perceived exertion(RPE) were not apparent when HR was manipulated experimentally. HR does not appear to be related closely to the overall signal of exertion. Ventilation begins to provide potent sensory signals between 45-70% VO₂max. The relative VO₂ is more likely to be related with a strong sensory signal. Regardless of which training intensity is considered appropriate, many previous results suggests that RPE can be effectively used for exercise prescription based on blood lactate concentration. In clinical prescription, a patient's perceived exertion is one of the important variables when establishing for exercise intensity because it is related strongly to the heart rate but it also integrates some other important strain variables.