CPT考试中商务话语的体裁及其测试维度分析

金明子(Jin, Ming-Zi),徐苗苗(Xu, Miao-Miao) 대한중국학회 2017 중국학 Vol.59 No.-

近年来,商务话语在CPT考试的阅读题和语意理解题中常以广告语、公司会议报告以及应聘记录 等体裁出现.其中广告话语多以营销语和打折信息的形式出现;公司会议报告则以正式的会议记录 或非正式的年会祝词形式出现;应聘记录则主要以招聘启事的形式出现。本文以CPT考试真题中听 力和阅读理解部分出现的商务汉语为研究对象,将商务汉语划分为广告语、公司会议报告以及招聘 通知等三种商务话语体裁,并基于真题分析来探究这三种体裁对于汉语学习者在知识、能力和素质 三个维度的测试内容。 Recently, the business discourse has constituted an important part in the CPT, especially in the Readings. The forms of business discourse includes: Advertisement discourse, reports in the Company meetings and records in interviewing. This essay studies on the Chinese about the business discourse in the reading comprehension and listening comprehension in the CPT. In this essay, advertisement, meeting reports and interviewing notes are the three genres constituting the Chinese about business discourse. The study is basing on the exam questions in the CPT, researching the text dimensions, including the knowledge, ability and the quality.

商务汉语教学中的“间性”问题研究

김명자(Jin, Ming-Zi)(金明子),서묘묘(Xu, Miao-Miao)(徐苗苗) 대한중국학회 2020 중국학 Vol.71 No.-

一直以来,商务汉语教学旨在培养语言学习者的语言运用能力、职场沟通能力及跨文化能力,但目前学界关于商务汉语教学的研究多集中于课程体系设置和教学方法的革新等操作性层面,教学过程中的三个“间性”维度却很少有人触碰:即话语间性、主体间性与文化间性。这三个维度分别涉及到文本阅读和语境理解的关系,学习者和教师之间的关系以及语言学习者对不同文化之间的理解方式。在商务汉语的学习目标和学科定位的框架之下对三个“间性”维度进行研究,不仅有助于教育者在商务汉语教学中根据学习者的学习经历,文化背景去采取不同的教育方法和手段,也有利于学习者更为准确的把握文本内涵,进行具有创造性的阅读和写作。 Chinese business teaching aims to train the ability of learners in language applying, workplace communicating and inter-culture communicating. By now, however, most of the researchers have focused on the teaching designing or the method improving. Few of the scholars noticed the three “inter” dimensions in business Chinese teaching: interdiscursivity, intersubjectivity and interculturality. In detail, the interdiscursivity means the relationship between the text reading and the context understanding, while the intersubjectivity refers to the relationship between teachers and learners. Moreover, the concept “Interculturality” means the way learners understand the different kinds of culture. The study on those three “inter” dimensions in business Chinese teaching could not only help teachers in method applying in business Chinese teaching, but also provide a more efficient way in reading, writing and understanding.

나고야 의정서의 법적 쟁점과 우리나라 입장에 관한 제언

김명자 ( Ming Zi Jin ),손영현 ( Young Hyun Son ),김혜영 ( Hye Young Kim ) 한국환경정책평가연구원 2014 환경정책연구 Vol.13 No.4

나고야 의정서가 평창에서 열리는 UNCBD COP12 기간 중인 2014년 10월 12일에 발효되었다. 이러한 상황에서 본 논문은 나고야 의정서 발효에 따른 쟁점과 외국의 입법례를 분석하여 우리나라 입법안의 개선점을 비롯한 향후 대응방안에 대해 고찰하였다. 외국의 입법례는 국제환경법 체제 구축에 선도적인 역할을 하는 EU와 대표적인 유전자원 제공국이라 할 수 있는 중국의 입법례를 분석하였다. 이러한 고찰을 통해 우리나라는 나고야 의정서관련 사인과 국가 간의 분쟁해결절차 마련과 한중일의 월경성 자원 및 관련 전통지식에 대한 공동 관리를 국제사회에 주장하는 것이 필요하며, 국내적으로는 유전자원 관리 책임기관을 통합하는 방향으로 입법안을 개선하는 것 등이 필요하다. The Nagoya Protocol will enter into force on 12 October, 2014 during the period of UNCBD COP12 which will be held in Pyeongchang, Korea. In this circumstance, it is essential to analyze other countries`` legislations and find various related issues. Based on that analysis, Korea can set its course for related policies and also improve its own legislations. EU and China were selected as comparison countries since EU is one of the leading countries trying to establish an international environmental law system and China is regarded as a model country representing LMMC (Like-Minded Mega-diverse Countries) in the world. Based on this study, it is highly recommended for Korea to assert the need for dispute resolution between private and government parties and also trilateral co-management of trans-boundary genetic resources and related traditional knowledge among Korea, China and Japan. In addition, Korea also needs to improve its legislation towards integrating the management and control of genetic resources.

EU ETS 항공부문의 편입과 GATS 협정과의 합치성 연구

김명자 ( Ming Zi Jin ),윤익준 ( Ick June Yoon ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 2015 法學硏究 Vol.25 No.1

The constant rising of carbon dioxide emissions of aviation is raising an alarm to all of the countries around the world, but the discussion on ETS of aviation sector is making slow progress. The EU, who is aware of the seriousness of the problem, adopted the Directive 2008/101/EC which includes the aviation sector in the EU ETS that was carried out in 2005, and all of the foreign airlines flying to the EU are included in the Directive from 2012. However, the EU``s requirement was faced with oppositions from many countries including China, and the EU proposed that it defers the requirement until after the 2013 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) General Assembly. Recently, the EU adopted a Regulation by which the flights between aerodromes in the EEA are covered under the EU ETS till 31 December 2016. Nevertheless, the EU said It will regain the measure if the 2016 ICAO Assembly does not reach an agreement on Market-Based Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There are a lot of previous researches on the consistency of this issue with international law and the GATT Agreement, but few previous studies is made on the consistency of this issue with the GATS Agreement. Since there is a possibility that the EU recovers the measure, it is necessary to examine the consistency of the measure with the GATS Agreement. In this paper, I firstly introduced the 2008 Directive and the current issues on the inclusion of aviation in the EU ETS, and then I examined if the GATS Agreement can be applied to this issue, lastly I reviewed the consistency of the measure with MFN, market access, NT principles and if this measure can be justified by Article ⅩⅣ of GATS Agreement. And as a result, the EU``s measure, which constitutes a violation of MFN principle, is difficult to be justified by the general exceptions of Article ⅩⅣ of GATS Agreement. In order to achieve a low-carbon society, ongoing discussions and researches on this issue are needed.

중국의 탄소세 도입에 대한 법적고찰

김명자 ( Ming Zi Jin ),조현진 ( Hyun Jin Cho ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 2013 法學硏究 Vol.23 No.4

As the maximum carbon emitter, China is implementing various policies and reforms to cope with the climate change. Among them, the voices in support of a carbon tax policy are growing. This paper discusses China`s carbon tax policy based on 「esearch on Levying Carbon Tax in China」 a research paper released by the Chinese Ministry of Finance in 2009.After analyzing the performance of Three Nordic countries` carbon tax policies, there is a notable greenhouse gas reduction effect due to the introduction of carbon tax. These countries` carbon tax was applied basing on the carbon content, and the tax rate was set according to each country`s situation. The Carbon tax revenue was included in the general budget and revenue-neutral policy was developed. These countries are taking measures of benefitting industrial sectors to enhance the competitiveness of domestic industries. There comes several issues with the introduction of carbon tax in China. First, due to the feature of regressive tax, there is a problem that opposites to the principle of equity of taxes. Solutions to be taken into consideration would be to relieve the tax burden on low-income families or give them more support in the form of grants taken from the increased revenue expected from carbon tax. Second, to prevention the deterioration of the international competitiveness of energy-intensive industries, tax preferential policies are applied only to the enterprises that satisfy the conditions can develop new technologies and enhance energy efficiency. Third, compared to the current Chinese environment and resource consumption taxes, the regulating scope and target of carbon tax is different. Thus, it is suggested to couple the existing taxes with carbon tax so as to expect a better effect on reduction of greenhouse gases. Fourth, in order to avoid the duplication of the existing tax system, introducing carbon tax as a part of environment tax would be preferable. Fifth, It is discussed whether or not carbon tax is necessary when the ETS is already being operated. After reviewing their differences, applying both is preferable. China`s introduction of carbon tax will have a negative impact on the economy in the short term, but in the long run the companies will be able to gain a competitive edge in the international low-carbon market. In order to achieve low-carbon economy growth, society as a whole should put more effort in the research and development of low-carbon technologies and green reform.