Disciplinary Session 13 / Sport for All / Sport Clubs and Programs in Sport for All : 21세기를 대비한 스포츠 정책의 발전 방향

김동선,고재곤 ( Dong Sun Kim,Jae Gon Go ) 한국체육학회 1998 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.1998 No.2

동해 울릉분지에서 봄과 여름동안 시계방향 와류가 영양염과 엽록소에 미치는 영향

김동선,김경희,심정희,유신재,Kim, Dong-Seon,Kim, Kyung-Hee,Shim, Jeong-Hee,Yoo, Sin-Jae 한국해양학회 2007 바다 Vol.12 No.4

동해 울릉분지에서 봄과 여름 동안 난수성 시계방향 와류가 영양염과 엽록소에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해서, 2005년 7월과 2006년 4월에 5개 정점에서 표층부터 수심 200 m까지 수온, 염분, 영양염, 엽록소 등을 관측하였다. 봄에는 와류 내부해역에서 표층 혼합층의 깊이가 150 m 이상으로 매우 깊은 반면, 외부해역에서는 $20{\sim}60$ m로 비교적 얕았다. 와류 내부해역에서 수직혼합이 활발히 일어나 표층해수에 영양염이 풍부한 반면, 외부해역에서는 표층에서 성층화가 생겨 심층에서 표층으로 영양염 공급이 충분하지 않아 농도가 낮았다. 봄에는 와류 내부해역에서 표층 혼합층 깊이가 유광층 깊이보다 훨씬 더 깊어서 엽록소 농도가 낮았으며, 와류 외부해역에서 측정한 총 엽록소(depth-integrated chlorophyll) 양은 내부해역에서 측정한 것보다 보다 두 배 이상 높았다. 여름에는 봄과 달리 모든 정점에서 표층 성층화가 강하게 발생하여, 영양염이 표층에서 완전히 고갈되었다. 여름에 관측한 엽록소는 모든 정점 수심 30 m 내외에서 최고 농도를 나타내어, 아표층 엽록소 최대(subsurface chlorophyll maximum)를 보였으며, 와류 내부해역에서 측정한 총 엽록소 양은 외부해역에서 측정한 것보다 두 배가량 높았다. 동해 울릉분지에서 거의 매해 나타나는 시계방향 와류는 식물플랑크톤 생물량에 매우 큰 영향을 미치는데, 그 영향이 봄과 여름에 다르게 나타났다; 봄에는 시계방향 와류가 식물플랑크톤 생물량을 제한하는 반면, 여름에는 반대로 식물플랑크톤 생물량을 증가시킨다. In order to find out the effects of the anticyclonic eddy on the distribution of nutrients and chlorophyll concentrations in the Ulleung Basin during spring and summer, we measured temperature, salinity, nutrients, and chlorophyll from the surface to 200 m water depth at five stations in July 2005 and April 2006. In spring, surface mixed layer was very deep inside the eddy, about 200 m, but it was relatively shallow outside the eddy, about $20{\sim}60$ m. Inside of the eddy, nutrients in the surface waters were sufficient by supply from the deep layer, whereas outside of the eddy, they were fairly depleted due to the stratification in the surface layer. In spring, chlorophyll concentrations were relatively low inside of the eddy due to the deeper surface mixed layer compared with the euphotic depth, and the depth-integrated chlorophyll concentrations outside of the eddy were twice as much as those inside of the eddy. In summer, nutrients in the surface waters were completely depleted at all stations due to the well stratification in the surface layer. The typical distribution pattern of subsurface chlorophyll maximum was observed at all stations, and the depth-integrated chlorophyll concentrations inside of the eddy were almost twice as much as those outside of the eddy. The anticyclonic eddy appearing in the Ulleung Basin every year significantly affects the phytoplankton biomass, with the opposing effects in spring and summer; in spring, the anticyclonic eddy suppresses phytoplankton growth, but in summer, it enhances the phytoplankton biomass.

남극 남쉐틀랜드군도 주변 해역의 영양염과 식물플랑크톤 생물량 분포

김동선,강성호,김동엽,이윤호,강영철,Kim, Dong-Seon,Kang, Sung-Ho,Kim, Dong-Yup,Lee, Youn-Ho,Kang, Young-Chul 한국해양과학기술원 2001 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.23 No.2

Temperature, salinity, nutrients, chlorophyll-a, and primary production were measured within the upper 200 m water column in the area around the South Shetland Islands in January, 2000. Surface temperature was relatively high in the Drake Passage north of the South Shetland Islands and low in the northeastern area of the Antarctic Peninsula. In contrast, surface salinity was low in the Drake Passage and increased toward the Antarctic Peninsula, reaching the maximum value in the northeastern area of the Antarctic Peninsula. Surface nutrients were low in the Drake Passage and high in the area near the South Shetland Islands. Surface chlorophyll-a was also low in the Drake Passage and near the Antarctic Peninsula and high in the area of the northern King George Island. The study area could be classified as four geographical zones based on the characteristic shape of the T/S diagrams;the Drake Passage, the Bransfield Strait, the mixed zone, and the Weddell Sea. Each geographical zone showed apparently different physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Phytoplankton biomass was relatively low in the Drake Passage and the Weddell Sea and high in the Bransfield Strait and the mixed zone. The low phytoplankton biomass in the Weddell Sea could be explained by the low water temperature and deep surface mixing down to 200 m. The high grazing pressure and low availability of iron could be responsible for the low phytoplankton biomass in the Drake Passage. 2000년 1월에 남극 남쉐틀랜드군도(South Shetland Islands) 주변해역에서 수심 200 m 까지 수온, 염분, 영양염, 엽록소, 일차생산력 등을 측정하였다. 표층수온은 남쉐틀랜드군도 북쪽 드레이크해협(Drake Passage)에서 높았고 남극반도 북동해역에서 낮았다. 반대로 염분은 드레이크해협에서 낮았고 남극반도쪽으로 갈수록 점차적으로 증가하여 남극반도 북동해역에서 최고 값을 보였다. 표층해수의 영양염 농도는 대체로 드레이크해협에서 낮은 값을 보였고 남쉐틀랜드군도 인접해역에서 높은 값을 보였다. 엽록소 농도는 드레이크해협과 남극반도 인접해역에서 낮았고 킹조오지섬(King George Island) 북쪽해역에서 높았다. 연구해역은 T-S diagram의 특징적인 형태에 따라 4개 해역으로 구분된다; 드레이크해협, 브랜스필드해협 (Bransfield Strait), 혼합 해역(Mixed zone), 웨델해(Weddell Sea) 해역. 이들 4개 해역들은 각각 특징적인 물리, 화학, 생물학적 특성을 보였다. 식물플랑크톤 생물량은 드레이크해협과 웨델해 해역에서 상대적으로 낮았고 브랜스필드해협과 혼합 해역에서 높았다. 웨델해 해역에서 식물플랑크톤 생물량이 낮은 것은 낮은 수온과 수심 200 m 이상의 깊은 표층혼합 때문이라고 생각되고 드레이크해협 해역에서는 높은 동물플랑크톤 포식압과 낮은 철농도 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

인공용승구조물 설치해역의 해양환경 특성

김동선,황석범,Kim Dong-Sun,Hwang Suk-Bum 해양환경안전학회 2006 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.12 No.1

인공용승구조물 설치해역에서 구조물 설치에 따른 해양환경변화를 조사하였다. 남해안의 전선역에 인접한 연구해역의 남동역에서 고온 고염의 분포가 하계에 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 또한 구조물 설치에 따른 유동의 변화 양상을 볼 수 있었다. 한편, 영양염 분포를 보면, 하계 영양염은 표층과 중층에서 구조물 투하 전인 2002년보다 구조물 투하 후인 2005년에 크게 증가하였다. 따라서 구조물 설치로 인한 구조물 설치 전과 후의 해양환경 변화양상은 구조물 설치 효과에 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있다. 인공용승구조물설치에 따른 해역의 해양환경특성을 파악하기 위해서는 구조물 설치 전 후의 단기적 비교로부터 보다 장기적인 해양환경조사를 통하여 구조물설치에 따른 효과가 제시되어야 한다. To investigate the variation of marine environments due to set up of artificial structure, we carried out field observations. High temperature and salinity waters near the south frontal area were distributed clearly in the southeastern part of study area during summer season The variation of current structure was also occurred around study area where artificial structure set up. In 2005 after set up of artificial structure, the nutrient concentration increased greater than that in 2002 before set up artificial structures. To illustrate the characteristics of marine environment due to set up of artificial structure, quantitative analyses on the effect of artificial structure are important.

생체장기용 지지체 제작을 위한 박동형 탈세포화 장치의 박동성 평가

김동선,양세란,박성민,최성욱,Kim, Dong Sun,Yang, Se-Ran,Park, Sung Min,Choi, Seong Wook 대한의용생체공학회 2017 의공학회지 Vol.38 No.2

To identify a solution for the restricted availability of healthy lungs and the high risk of immune rejections following organ transplantation, tissue engineering techniques for culturing lungs have been studied by many research groups. The most promising method for culturing lungs is the utilization of a bio-scaffold that was prepared using harvested organs from human donors or other animals by removing their original cells. In this study, a pulsatile perfusion pump was used to alleviate the cell removal effect with the high fluid-dynamic power of the perfusion stream during the decellularization process, while other conventional studies focused on chemical methods to identify efficient detergents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the developed device by using energy equivalent pressure (EEP), which is an indicator of pulsatility, to understand the characteristics of pulsatile energy transmitted according to the load size by using the artificial model and compare it with the measured EEP. The pulsatility of the device can be estimated with the concept of fluid-dynamic energy during a particular constant time period or fluid-dynamic power represented as EEP and EEP increment. Because the measured EEP of perfusion flow during decellularization can be changed by the amount of fluid leakage and the degree of clogging in the capillary vessels, EEP should be measured to determine whether the decellularization is progressing without problems. The decrement of EEP caused by the high perfusion resistance was observed from some experimental results that were obtained with artificial models. EEP can be used to monitor the decellularization process after analyzing the varying EEP according to the amount of load. It was confirmed that the EEP was maintained at a high level in the experiment using the harvested lungs from 12-13-week-old rats. In addition, it was confirmed that the cell removal time was faster than when continuous perfusion was performed. In this study, pulsatile power delivered to the lungs was measured to monitor the process of cell removal, and it serve as the evidence for efficient decellularization.

소형 흡착식 제습기의 모델 개발

김동선,Kim, Dong-Seon 한국교통대학교 융복합기술연구소 2012 융ㆍ복합기술연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.2

A small domestic desiccant dehumidifier is modelled using effectiveness models for a desiccant wheel and a wet-air condenser. The desiccant wheel and condenser models are used to compose a system model in the form of a set of simultaneous linear algebraic equations, which is solved by Gauss method. The system model is used to simulate the behaviour of a dehumidifier with a 1kW electric air heater. It is found that the maximu COP is about 0.5 and dehumidification capacity is 18kg/day when the ratio of dehumidification area is 0.7. The optimum wheel thickness and face velocity are found 100mm and 1.5m/s, respectively.

광학적 방법을 이용한 슬러그 유동의 기공률 측정

김동선,Kim, Dong-Seon 한국교통대학교 융복합기술연구소 2011 융ㆍ복합기술연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.2

Void fraction has been measured for the gas-liquid cocurrent slug flow in 8mm vertical acrylic tube using an optical method. Bubble speed, length and period could be measured with the two sets of laser-infrared sensor modules mounted 25mm apart alongside the tube, which were designed to detect variation of light intensities with a time delay when two parallel laser beams were refracted successively by a passing bubble. It was found that the results were in good agreement with the previous studies in the literature suggesting that the method used in this study were sound and accurate.

인공용승구조물 설치에 의한 유동변화 ( I )

김동선,황석범,Kim, Dong-Sun,Hwang, Suk-Bum 해양환경안전학회 2006 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.12 No.4

인공용승구조물 설치해역의 구조물에 의한 유동분포를 파악하기 위하여 ADCP(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler)를 이용한 정선관측을 2006년 5월 4일(소조기) 및 5월 30일(대조기)에 실시하였다. 동서-남북(un-component) 유동성분의 분석결과, 조시에 따른 흐름이 전반적으로 남동류가 우세하게 나타났으며 구조물 주변역의 표층에서 수심 $30\sim40m$까지의 유동과 이심에서의 유동이 서로 다르게 나타났다. 연직유동성분(w-component)은 소조기시 구조물 주변해역과 서쪽역에서는 상승류의 흐름이 나타났고 남쪽역, 북쪽역 및 동쪽역에서는 하강류의 흐름이 나타났다. 대조기 W-W line의 낙조시에는 동쪽과 서쪽해역에서 상승류의 흐름이 나타났으며 구조물 중심 동쪽 부근에서 상승류의 흐름이 나타났고 구조물에서 멀어질수록 하강류의 흐름이 나타났다. 대조기시의 분포는 창조시 S-N line에서 상승류의 분포가 전반적으로 나타났다. 또한 구조물 구축 주번해역에서의 단위면적당 상승류의 유량은 대 소조기 창 낙조시에 하강류에 대한 유량보다 크게 나타났다. 소조기에는 창조시보다 낙조시에 더 강하였으며, 대조기에는 창조시가 낙조시보다 큰 유량을 나타내고 있다. In order to estimate the characteristics of water movements around artificial upwelling structure, current measurements were carried out along lines E-W and S-N on May 4th(neap tide} and May 30th(spring tide), 2006. In the study area, southeastward flow was dominant during the field observations, and the pattern of water movement in the upper layer above 30m depth was different from that in the lower layer below 30m depth Vertical flow(w-component} around the artificial structure area and western area was shown to be upward flow, but downward flow occurred in the southern, northern and eastern parts at the neap tide. At the spring tide, the ebb current along E-W line showed upwelling flow in the eastern part and western area and showed upwelling flow near the artificial structure area and downwelling flow far away that one. At the spring tide, upward flow was dominant along S-N line during the flood current Volume transport by upward flow was higher than that by downward flow. Volume transport by upward flow during ebb of neap tide was greater than during flood current of neap tide, but was reverse at the spring tide.

동해 서남해역에서 여름철 $^{234}Th/^{238}U$ 비평형을 이용한 입자상 유기탄소 침강플럭스 추정

김동선,최만식,오혜영,김경희,노재훈,Kim, Dong-Seon,Choi, Man-Sik,Oh, Hae-Young,Kim, Kyung Hee,Noh, Jae-Hoon 한국해양학회 2009 바다 Vol.14 No.1

2007년 8월에 동해에서 처음으로 $^{234}Th/^{238}U$ 비평형(disequilibrium)을 이용하여 유광대에서 심층으로의 입자상 유기탄소 침강플럭스(export flux)를 추정하였다. 입자상 유기탄소 침강플럭스는 $^{234}Th$ 침강 플럭스에 POC/$^{234}Th_p$ 비율을 곱하여 구하였으며, $^{234}Th$ 플럭스는 표층에서 수심 100 m까지 $^{234}Th/^{238}U$ 비평형을 적분하여 계산하였고 POC/$^{234}Th_p$ 비율은 수심 150 m와 200 m에서 채집한 부유물질 시료(입자크기가 0.7 ${\mu}m$이상)에서 측정하였다. 유기탄소 침강플럭스는 14-506 mg C $m^{-2}$ $day^{-1}$의 범위를 나타냈으며, 정점 A2에서 최고값을 보였고 정점 D4에서 최소값을 보였다. 유기탄소 침강플럭스는 유광대에서의 일차생산력과 매우 좋은 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 유기탄소 침강플럭스/일차생산력 비율은 0.29-0.62(평균 0.43)의 범위를 보였고, 연안역에 비해 심해역에서 다소 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 동해에서 관측한 유기탄소 침강플럭스는 전반적으로 대양에서 관측한 값들보다는 높았고 대륙 주변해에서 관측한 값보다 다소 높거나 유사하였다. 동해에서의 침강플럭스/일차생산력 비율은 북해(North Sea)와 척치해(Chukchi Sea)에서 관측한 값들과는 유사하였지만, 라브라도해(Labrador Sea), 바렌츠해(Barents Sea), 리온스만(Gulf of Lions)에서 관측한 값들보다는 월등히 높았다. 따라서 동해는 전세계 해역에서 유광대에서 생성된 유기탄소가 수심 200 m 이하 심층으로 가장 많은 비율로 침강하는 해역들 가운데 하나라고 생각된다. Export fluxes of particulate organic carbon were estimated for the first time by using $^{234}Th/^{238}U$ disequilibrium in the southwestern East Sea during August 2007. They were calculated by multiplying POC/$^{234}Th_p$ ratios of sinking particles (larger than 0.7 ${\mu}m$) obtained from 150-200 m water depths to $^{234}Th$ fluxes that were estimated by integrating $^{234}Th/^{238}U$ disequilibrium from surface to 100 m water depth. Export fluxes ranged from 14 to 505 mg C $m^{-2}$ $day^{-1}$, with the highest value at station A2 and the lowest value at station D4. Primary production was well correlated with export flux, indicating that it was a major factor controlling export flux. Export flux in the East Sea was generally higher than those estimated in the open ocean and similar to or somewhat higher than those in the continental marginal seas. Export flux/primary production (EF/PP) ratios varied from 0.29 to 0.62, with an average of 0.43 and were somewhat higher in the basin area than in the coastal area. EF/PP ratio in the East Sea was rather similar to those estimated in the North Sea and Chukchi Sea, but much higher than those in the Labrador Sea, Barents Sea, and Gulf of Lions. Therefore, the East Sea is one of the major areas where a large amount of organic carbon produced in the euphotic zone sinks into the deep layer below 200 m water depth.

2001년 해외석유개발사업 정책방향

김동선,Kim, Dong-Seon 대한석유협회 2001 석유와 에너지 Vol.2001 No.1