흡착법을 이용한 어유의 탈취

김귀식,배태진 한국생명과학회 2003 생명과학회지 Vol.13 No.3

어유의 탈취장치 대신 컬럼에 활성탄, 활성 알루미나, 실리카겔, 대나무 숯 등 흡착제를 단독 혹은 적당한 비율로 혼합하여 충진시켜 탈색과 동시에 탈취시킴으로서 효율적인 탈취효과를 검토하였다. 대멸치유의 탈검효과는 수산 30%를 어유 100 ml에 대하여 18 ml첨가한 것이, 탈산은 수산화 나트륨을 2.5%로 하여 $40^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 처리한 것이 효과적이었다. 탈취의 경우 흡착제(활성탄, 활성알루미나, 실리카겔)를 농도별로 단독 첨가할 경우는 실리카겔30% 첨가가, 그리고 흡착제를 혼합하여 첨가할 경우는 활성알루미나 30%와 실리카겔 10% 혼합 첨가가 가장 우수하였으나 흡착제에 녹차분말 2%를 첨가할 경우 큰 효과가 없었다. 대멸치유의 탈검, 탈산 및 탈취 후의 주요지방산 조성은 16:0, 20:5n-3, 18:1n, 16:1n-7, 22:6n-3 및 18:0이었다. 대멸치 정제유에 $\alpha$-tocopherol를 첨가하여 $25^{\circ}C$에서 40일간 저장시 산화 안정성은 대조구는 20일까지 항산화제를 첨가한 경우는 30일까지라 생각되며 $\alpha$-tocopherol 0.02%첨가보다 0.01% 첨가가 더 효과적이었다. Instead of deodorization appararus of fish oil, an adsorbent such as activated charcoal, activated alumina, silicagel, bamboo charcoal was packed in column alone or mixed with preparative ratio, and then test the effective deodorization with bleaching. In the progress of degumming, the effective method was 18 ml of 2.5% oxalic acid per 100m1 of crude large anchovy oil. The optical condition to deacidified was treating for 30 min at $40^{\circ}C$ with 2.5% sodium hydroride solution. The effective deodorization was added with 3% silicagel under the alone treating adsorbent, and mixed treating was 30% activated alumina and 10% silicagel but added to green tea powder was not effective. The major fatty acid of total lipid were 16:0, 20:5n-3, 18:1n-9, 16:1n-7 and 22:6n-3 after treatment of degumming, deacidfication and deodorizing in the large anchovy oil. The oxidative stability of refined anchovy oil added to $\alpha$-tocopherol was validated 20 days under the control, and 30 days in the case of $\alpha$-tocopherol. The 0.01% $\alpha$-tocopherol was more effective than 0.02% $\alpha$-tocopherol.

TiO₂ 세라믹 용사코팅재의 마모특성

김귀식,김성익 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2003 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.1

Wear behaviors of plasma sprayed ceramic coating materials have been investigated experimentally through the friction coefficient, friction force and weight loss. In wear behavior of substrate(S45C) and TiO_(2)coating specimen in dry friction, the friction coefficient is monotonous with increasing the friction velocity. The amount of weight loss increase when the load is high. The wear and friction in lubrication do not occur almostly because of the lubrication property. The wear of stator, SUJ II pin, is small in S45C, and large in Ti0_(2). The adhesiveness in TiO_(2) wear in lubrication is larger than that in air, so the lubrication is important to the low wear of the tribology.

화염용사에 의한 TiO₂ 코팅재의 마모특성

김귀식 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.9 No.2

This paper is to investigate the wear behaviors of a thermal sprayed TiO_(2) coating film by a pin-on-disk type wear testing machine. The test specimens were to flame sprayed TiO_(2) coating on carbon steel substrate (S45C)with Ni-4.5%AI alloy bond coating. Wear characteristics. which were friction force and friction coefficient. and wear rates. according to friction conditions were conducted on the three kinds of load a t room temperature. The friction coefficient and wear amount of the TiO_(2)coating were remarkably decreased than those of substrates in the dry and the lubrication condition. As increasing the load, the wear effects of the TiO_(2)coating in lubrication environment were decreased by the abrasion wear.

새조개 생육과 자숙육 및 자숙액즙의 식품성분 비교 -2. 함질소엑스성분 및 무기성분의 비교-

김귀식,하봉석,배태진,진주현,김현주,KIM Kui-Shik,HA Bong-Seok,BAE Tae-Jin,JIN Joo-Hyeon,KIM Hyeon-Ju 한국수산과학회 1993 한국수산과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

최근 생산량이 증가 추세에 있으며 특히 우리나라 연간생산량 중 거의 절반이 남해안의 전남해역에서 생산되고 있는 새조개의 맛에 기여하는 맛성분을 구명하기 위하여 여수해역에서 생산되고 있는 새조개를 시료로 하여 생육과 자숙육, 그리고 자숙액즙의 함질소엑스화합물 및 무기성분 등을 분석, 비교하였다. 유리 아미노산의 조성은 생육과 자숙육에는 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, arginine, lysine, leucine 및 alanine의 함량이 가장 많았다. 자숙액즙에는 glutamic acid의 용출율이 가장 높아 $21.7\%$였고 cystine의 용출율이 가장 낮아 $7.3\%$였다. 생육, 자숙육, 자숙액즙 모두 유리아미노산 조성중 필수아미노산은 lysine, arginine 및 leucine의 함유율이 높았고 methionine, histidine 및 tryptophane의 함유율이 낮았다 그리고 비필수 아미노산 중에는 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine 및 alanine의 함유율이 높았고 proline, tyrosine, serine 및 cysteine의 함유율이 낮았다. 핵산관련물질은 생육과 자숙육 모두 ATP, ADP, AMP, inosine 및 hypoxanthine을 함유하고 있었다. 그리고 자숙액즙에는 미량의 ATP, ADP, AMP 및 hypoxanthine이 검출되었다. 핵산관련 물질은 자숙함에 따라 ATP는 약간 감소하였으나 ADP, AMP, inosine 및 hypoxanthine은 약간 증가하였다. TMA 함량은 생육에 $0.3mg\%$이었던 것이 자숙시 $0.8mg\%$로서 다소 증가하였고 TMAO 함량은 생육에 $5.2mg\%$이었던 것이 자숙시 $4.5mg\%$로 다소 감소하였다. betaine함량은 매우 적었다. 무기성분중 P의 함량이 가장 많았고 다음이 K, Ca 및 Zn의 순이었고 Fe, Zn의 함량은 다른 패류에 비해 높았다. 자숙액즙에는 P, Zn 및 Na의 용출율이 높아 각각 $15\%,\;12.2\%$ 및 $11.9\%$였다. The nitrogenous compounds and minerals in the raw and cooked meat of cockle shell were analyzed, and compared with those of cooked meat extracts. In abundant free amino acids, the content of glutamic acid was $129mg\%$ in raw meet, $105mg\%$ in cooked meat, $28mg\%$ in cooked meet extracts, aspartic acid, glycine, arginine, lysine, leucine, and alanine in order. The major components were lysine, arginine and leucine, and the minor components of essential amino acids were proline, tyrosine, serine and cystine. Some of ATP, ADP, AMP, inosine and hypoxanthine were identified in raw and cooked meat, but IMP and inosine were not detected in cooked meat extracts. A slight drop in content of ATP was showed in cooked meat and those had a higher content in inosine and hypoxanthine compared with raw meat. TMA, TMAO and betaine were also checked in all meat products and TMA slightly increased during cooking. Minerals in cooked cockle shell products were phosphorous, potassium, calcium and zinc. The content of phosphorous showed the highest value($16mg\%$ in raw, $185mg\%$ in cooked meat, and $25mg\%$ in extracts).

새조개 생육과 자숙육 및 자숙액즙의 식품성분 비교 -1. 일반성분 및 지질조성의 비교-

김귀식,하봉석,배태진,진주현,김현주,KIM Kui-Shik,HA Bong-Seok,BAE Tae-Jin,JIN Joo-Hyeon,KIM Hyeon-Ju 한국수산과학회 1993 한국수산과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

여수지방에서 많이 생산될 뿐아니라 새로운 양식품종으로 대량생산이 가능한 새조개의 식품학적인 품질을 구명하기 위하여 새조개의 생육과 자숙육, 그리고 자숙액즙의 일반성분, 지질조성 및 지방산조성 등의 차이를 분석하여 비교, 검토하였다. 자숙육의 수분이 생육보다 다소 적었고 조단백질 및 조회분은 수분과는 반대로 생육보다 약간 증가하였으며 조지방은 약간 감소하였고 glycogen은 차이가 없었다. 휘발성염기질소량은 생육의 경우 $1.8mg\%$로 양호하였으며 자숙시 $3.7mg\%$로 약간 증가하였다. 생육과 자숙육 및 자숙액즙의 총지질조송은 각각 비극성지질이 $25.4\%,\;22.4\%$ 및 $48.7\%$, 극성지질이 $74.6\%,\;77.6\%$ 및 $51.3\%$로 대부분 극성지질로 구성되어 있었다. 비극성지질의 성분은 triglyceride 및 free fatty acid, 극성지질은 phosphatidyl choline과 phosphatidyl ethanolamine이 주성분이었다. 총지질과 비극성지질 및 극성지질을 구성하고 있는 지방산조성은 생육, 자숙육, 자숙액즙 모두가 20:5(n-3), 22:6(n-3), 16:0 및 18:0 등이 주성분을 이루고 있었고 20:5(n-3)와 22:6(n-3)을 주체로 하는 polyene산의 비율이 훨씬 높았다. 자숙육은 생육에 비해 polyene산 경우 20:5(n-3)이 증가하는 반면 22:6(n-3)은 감소하는 경향이고 포화산의 경우 16:0는 증가하나 18:0는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 자숙액즙에는 20:5(n-3)과 22:6(n-3)을 주체로 하는 polyene산의 비율이 생육이나 자숙육에 비해 낮았으나 16:0을 주체로 하는 포화산의 비율이 높았다. In order to obtain basic data on the effective utilization of cockle shell, food compositions and lipid components its the raw, cooked meat and cooked meat extracts were analyzed. Cooked meat($95^{\circ}C$, 15 sec 3kg/200l water) showed a slight lower content in moisture and total crude lipid then raw meat but those meat had more crude protein and ash then raw one. Non-polar lipid of the raw, cooked meat and its extract consist of $25.4\%,\;22.4\%\;and\;48.7\%$, of total lipid, while polar lipid, $74.6\%,\;77.6\%\;and\;51.3\%$ respectively. Non-polar lipid was mainly was consisted of triglyceride, free fatty acid, and polar lipid mainly was consisted of phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The major fatty acids of total lipid and fractionated lipid were 20:5(n-3), 22:6(n-3), 16:0 and 18:0 in the raw, cooked meat and cooked meat extracts and showed higher contents in polyenes such as 20:5(n-3), 22:6(n-3).

자동차 구동시의 실하중피로에 대한 해석적 연구

김귀식,조성배 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1991 産業技術硏究報告 Vol.2 No.-

This study was investigated of the generation of random waves, cycle counting methods and evaluation of equivalent amplitudes on service loadings. The service loading waves are examined at four parts of a automobile, i . e . , front axle(FA), transmission (TM) , universal joint (UJ) and manifold (MF). The amplitude of the service loading waves are large at FA and TM. and small at UJ and MF, respectively. The wave frequencies of the four parts had band from 0 to 5Hz, especially, they are shown to the most power spectral density at 4Hz. The results of range and rainflow cycle counting method on the waves are about the same at the each part, since these had narrow frequency bands. The equivalent amplitudes of the waves by the rainflow method are alike FA and TM. and UJ and MF, respectively. but those by range method are different all parts. Therefore. the former is more available than the latter according to consideration of fatigue damage and the cycle counting results .

소형 스크류 프로펠라의 부식제거장치 개발

김귀식,현창해,한세웅 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2004 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.1

The materials of ship screw propeller are commonly the manganese bronze. The seawater corrosion and cavitation of the screw propeller reduce the propulsive performance of ship. In screw manufactory, the corrosion rust of the screw propeller is removed by a hand grinding. The grinding work makes the dust of the heavy metals from the manganese bronze. The dust makes indoor working environment poor. A friendly-environmental and automatic corrosion removing apparatus was developed for the improvement of screw processing and working environment. The corrosion rust of a screw propeller was remarkably removed by using apparatus. And the screw surface roughness was improved by a blasting effect of the apparatus performance test. Anode polarization curves on four processing conditions, that is to say, grinding, blasting, wire-brushing, fine sand papering, were confirmed by a potentiostat. Especially, two kinds of medials, alumina and emery, were used in the blasting processing. This result proved that the blasting work has considerably improved the corrosion resistance of a screw propeller.

각종 水環境中의 亞鉛鍍金鋼材의 腐蝕및腐蝕疲勞

김귀식 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1998 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.9 No.2

A corrosion and corrosion fatigue behavior of zinc galvanizing steel. SGH41, were investigated by weight decreasion and fatigue crack growth under various aqueous solution. Though the corrosion of steel in aqueous solutions was protected by sacrifice anodic action of zinc. the weight of SGH41 was decreased due to zinc corrosion. The weight decrasion of SGH41 in 30℃ fresh water was the larger than that in 15℃ one, but the weight in 15℃ sea water was increased by calcareous deposits attached at the surface of steel. The corrosion fatigue crack growth rates of SGH41 in the 3% NaCl aqueous solution were considerably lower than those of the base steel of SGH41, since the crack opening loads were increased by anti-corrosion effect of zinc and the crack closure. The corrosion sensitivity. (da/dN)corr /(da/dN)air. of the base steel was about 3 times that of SGH41.

비닐하우스 작물용 자동방제 시스템 개발

김귀식,임종환,강승균 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.6 No.-

An automatic spraying system has been developed that can be applied to the prevention and extermination of damage by blight and harmful insects for crops in a vinyl plastic house. The system consists of three parts; a nozzle camage, controller, and pumping system. The nozzle camage moves along a mono-rail equipped above the ground, which conveys lots of nozzles to spry agricultural chemicals over crops. The controller governs the speed and direction of the nozzle camage as well as the action of the pumping system. In connection with the spraying system, we also suggest the guidelines for designing the pumping system.

수산물의 지질에 있어서 광증감 산화에 관한 연구 : 1. 진두발과 김의 천일건조 및 굴의 자외선 조사에 따른 지방산 조성의 변화

김귀식 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 1996 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.-

In order 10 attempted to establish the basic data of photosensitized oxidation in the irish moss, laver and oyster during the sun-dried and irradiating the ultra violet, fatty acid composition of total Iipid were analyzed. Total Iipid of oyster was 2.7%. In the changes of content of total lipid in the irish mass during the sun-dried, raw sample was 0.1 % but increased during the sun-dried. In the changes of content of total Iipid in the laver during the sun-dried, raw sample was 0.1 % but were increased 0.4%, 0.6% and 1.7% during the sun-dried The major fatty acids of total lipid in the raw sample of oyster were 20:5(n-3), 16:0, 22:6(n-3) and 18: 1 (n-9) also similar to that of raw one during the irradiating the ultra violet. The major fatty acids of total lipid in the raw sample of irish moss were 16:0, 18:1(n-9), ")() ζ(n_ "l、~nrl ?().1 fn_7 、