금융지주회사법의 최근 개정을 통해 본 보험지주회사 관련 주요국의 법제 고찰

김광록,권종호,오영수 한국경제법학회 2009 한국경제법학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.1

기업의 소송위험과 그 대책에 관한 소고

김광록 기업소송연구회 2005 기업소송연구 Vol.3 No.-

1인 이사 주식회사의 감사제도에 관한 고찰

김광록 한국상사법학회 2016 商事法硏究 Vol.35 No.1

Corporate organizations under the Korean Commercial Code are consist of decision making organization, executive operating organization and auditing organization. Decision making organization includes a shareholders meeting; executive operating organization includes board of directors and representative director; and auditing organization includes auditor and auditing committee. However, recent trend of corporate governance towards to, so called, the centerism of board of directors from the centerism of shareholders meeting and of corporate size keeps enlargement. However, among corporations in Korea 82% of corporations are mid- and-small size corporations and only 18% are large corporations. But those 18% of corporations lead the Korean economic market. Therefore, it is true that the Korean Commercial Code just concentrates on those large corporations to regulate them in the market. Provided, the Korean Commercial Code allows the small size corporation dose choose not to have the board of directors and audits. Thus, the small size company may or may not have the board of directors or audits. Having the board or audit depends on its own choice. Since audit system is an essential to corporations, once the small size corporation choose not to have it, director or shareholders meeting should do audit’s function instead under the Korean Commercial Code. However, the Korean Commercial Code lacks some suitable regulations for auditing of the small size corporation. This Article basically examines the audit system of the small size corporation under the Korean Commercial Code in order to analyze the present Korean Commercial Code for the audit system and to promote the betterment of the audit system of the small size corporation.

공정거래법상 집단소송제도의 도입을 위한 비교법적 연구

김광록 한국경영법률학회 2013 經營法律 Vol.24 No.1

Recently needs of class action system in the antitrust and fair trade market are becoming hot issues in Korea. A class action, originated in the United States, is a form of lawsuit in which a large group of people collectively bring a claim to court and the US allows ant type of class actions. Actually, in 1990, the Korean government tried to introduce the US type of class action system with an enactment of, so called, the "Class Dispute Settlement Procedure Act."However this trial had been ceased for many operational reasons in 1996. But, the needs of class action system has been occurred and the Korean government decided to introduced only the securities related class action in Korean financial market and the Securities Related Class Action Act has been effective since 2005. In that, only securities related class action is allowed in Korea at this moment. In the meanwhile, the New Administration and some National Assemblymen announced that our society needs a new class acton system in the he antitrust and fair trade market in Korea and there are some submitted bills that are amending the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act. All these bills introduce the US type of class action and borrow the provisions of the Securities Related Class Action Act for amending the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act. Therefore this Article comparatively examines the bills in details first and analyses the class action system in the United States, the United Kingdom, the EU, Germany, France, and some other countries on order to suggest some betterment of Korean Class Action under the Korean fair trade act.

최근의 미국 증권시장과 시장 참여자에 관한 소고

김광록 한국사법행정학회 2001 사법행정 Vol.42 No.6

내부자거래 규제의 이론적 배경에 관한 고찰

김광록 한국법학회 2004 법학연구 Vol.0 No.14

In general, information has greatly contributed to the economic development in our society. However, since the trades of securities in the securities market seriously depend on information that investors may have, information in the securities market has most important role for the investors. Therefore, because unequal of information between investors who trades securities may cause to lack of confidence to the securities market itself, all investors in the securities market must get equal opportunities to invest with same information.In order to secure the equal opportunity to invest with same information, every countries, including Korea, has the securities regulation that prescribes the insider trading, which is strictly forbidden. In the United States, the SEC (Securities and exchange Commission) or the Congress does not produce the concept of the insider trading through the laws and regulations. Instead the regulation of the insider trading in the federal level has developed through the section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the judicial precedents, which are strongly related to the SEC Rule 10b-5.This Article examines the judicial background of the regulation for the insider trading. Moreover, the Article analyze the recent enactment of the SEC Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b5-2. Finally, the Article finds the opportunity to consider the scheme for the development of the Korean Securities Exchange Act.

ESG와 영국의 우리사주제도

김광록 한국기업법학회 2023 企業法硏究 Vol.37 No.2

The recent discussion on ESG can be said to be explosive. This is a trend not only in Korea, but worldwide. ESG is an abbreviation of Environment, Social, and Governance, which are non-financial elements of a company. It protects the environment for sustainable management of a company (E) and promotes social values centered on members. Respect (S) and focus on improving governance (G). However, it is true that Korea has paid much attention to the 'G' field among ESG by focusing on corporate governance improvement until recently after the so-called IMF economic crisis at the end of 1997. As a result, in the case of Korea, the part related to corporate governance has already brought about a lot of changes, so now is the time to greatly expand interest in E and S fields. In particular, in the situation where conflicts between corporate members, including labor-management relations, still remain in Korean companies, the issue of 'S' is more urgent. After all, in the case of Korea, it is necessary to recognize that the priority task of sustainable management and development of companies is the 'S' problem, and in this respect, it is natural that the employee stock ownership system of companies is an axis that helps to recognize this problem. It is no exaggeration to say that the employee stock ownership system was born in the United States and provided an opportunity for development in the United Kingdom. Since the US employee stock ownership system has already been reviewed in other articles, this article will review the basic legal structure and legal principles of the UK's employee stock ownership system. In particular, by examining in detail the employee stock ownership system in the UK, where the employee stock ownership system developed in earnest, we are trying to find implications for the development of the employee stock ownership system in Korea 최근 ESG에 관한 논의는 가히 폭발적이라고 할 수 있다. 이는 비단 우리나라뿐만이 아니라 전세계적인 경향이다. ESG는 기업의 비재무적 요소인 환경(Environment), 사회(Social), 지배구조(Governance)의 약어로서, 기업의 지속가능한 경영을 위해 환경을 보호하고(E), 구성원을 중심으로 한 사회적 가치를 존중하고(S), 지배구조의 개선(G)에 역점을 두고 있다. 그러나 우리나라는 지난 1997년말 소위 IMF 경제위기 이후 최근까지는 기업의 지배구조 개선에 집중함으로써 ESG중에서 ‘G’ 분야에 집중적인 관심을 둔 것이 사실이다. 이로써 우리나라의 경우 기업의 지배구조에 관한 부분은 상당히 많은 변화를 이미 가져왔기 때문에 이제는 E와 S분야에 대한 관심을 대폭적으로확대해 나가야 할 때이다. 특히 우리나라 기업에 있어 노사관계를 비롯한 기업 구성원간의 갈등문제가 여전히 남아 있는 사정에서는 ‘S’ 분야에 대한 문제는 더욱 시급하다고 할 것이다. 결국 우리나라의 경우 기업의 지속가능한 경영 및 발전의 우선 과제는 ‘S’ 문제임을 인식하여야 할 것이며, 이러한 측면에서 기업의 우리사주제도는 이러한 문제인식에 도움이 되는 한 축이 됨은 당연하다고할 것이다. 우리사주제도는 미국에서 탄생하여 영국에서 발전의 계기를 마련하였다고 해도 과언이아니다. 이미 미국의 우리사주제도에 대해서는 다른 글을 통하여 살펴 본 바 있으므로 이글에서는영국의 우리사주제도에 관한 기본적인 법적 구조와 법리를 살펴보고자 한다. 특히 우리사주제도가본격적으로 발전하게 된 영국의 우리사주제도에 대해서 구체적으로 살펴봄으로써 우리나라의 우리사주제도 발전을 위한 시사점을 찾고자 한다.

라임사태를 통해 본 사모펀드의 불완전판매와 투자자보호 방안에 관한 고찰

김광록 한국상사판례학회 2020 상사판례연구 Vol.33 No.3

In October 2019, just three months after three months after allegations began that Lime Asset Management was illegally managing yields by trading convertible bonds (CBs) of KOSDAQ companies in July of the same year, there was a suspension of the Lime Fund redemption. The damage caused by the lime crisis amounted to 1.6 trillion won, and prosecutors investigating the case recently indicted the CEO, vice president, and head of the marketing division on charges of fraud under the Act on Aggravated Punishment, etc. of Specific Economic Crimes. Accordingly, it seems that the domestic media are mainly focusing on criminal acts such as Lime Asset Management manipulating stock prices or embezzling. However, it is overlooked that the fundamental structural problems of Lime Asset Management's fund are actually causing the accelerating criminal acts of Lime Asset Management and the enormous damage to investors who have invested in the Lime Fund. Especially so are the institutional problems with investor protection. Under these circumstances, the government also came up with and announced the measures from November last year to April this year after the lime crisis. In particular, the government focused on strengthening investor protection for high-risk financial instruments, assessing the current status of private equity funds and improving the system, and came up with measures to improve them. However, these measures have some regrets as fundamental solutions to prevent the recurrence of incidents such as the lime crisis. Therefore, this Article would like to examine the operational problems and ways to improve the lime fund at the center of the lime crisis and suggest alternatives. 지난 2019년 7월 라임자산운용이 코스닥 기업들의 전환사채(CB) 등을 편법 거래하면서 부정하게 수익률을 관리하고 있다는 의혹이 시작된지 3개월만인 같은 해 10월 라임펀드 환매중단 사태가 발생되었다. 라임사태로 인한 피해액은 무려 1조6천억에 달하며, 이를 수사하고 있는 검찰은 최근 라임 대표와 부사장 및 마케팅본부장에 대하여 특정경제범죄 가중처벌 등에 관한 법률상 사기 혐의 등으로 기소하였다. 이에 국내 언론은 주로 라임자산운용이 주가를 조작하거나 횡령을 하는 등의 범법행위에 초점을 맞추고 있는 듯하다. 그러나 라임자산운용 관계자의 범법행위가 가속화되고, 라임 펀드에 투자한 투자자의 피해가 막대하게 발생한 데에는 실질적으로 라임자산운용의 펀드가 가지고 있는 구조적 문제에 기인하고 있음을 간과하고 있다. 특히 투자자 보호에 대한 제도적인 문제점은 더욱 그러하다. 이러한 사정에서에 정부도 라임사태 이후인 지난 해 11월부터 올 4월에 이르기까지 그 대책을 마련하여 발표한바 있다. 특히 정부는 고위험 금융상품에 대한 투자자 보호 강화와 사모펀드 현황 평가 및 제도개선에 집중적으로 관심을 갖고 그 개선방안을 마련하였다. 그러나 이들 개선 방안은 사실상 라임사태와 같은 사건의 재발 방지를 위한 근본적인 문제해결 방안으로는 몇몇 아쉬움을 안고 있다. 따라서 아래에서는 이번 라임사태의 중심에 있는 라임펀드의 운용상 문제점과 그 개선방안을 살펴보고 나름대로 대안을 제시해 보고자 한다.

집중투표방법에 의한 이사선임의 무효 : Stancil v. Bruce Stancil Refrigeration. Inc. 81 N.C. App. 567. 344 S.E.2d 789. cert. denied. 318 N.C. 418. 349 S.E.3d 601 (1986)

金洸祿 한국상사판례학회 2001 상사판례연구 Vol.12 No.-

The 1998 Amendment to the Korean Commercial Code introduced a cumulative voting system at the Article of 382-2. Under a cumulative voting system shareholders are entitled to multiply the number of votes that they are entitled to cast by the number of directors for whom they are entitled to vote and cast the product for a single candidate or distribute the product among tow or more candidates. Thus, after the introduction of cumulative voting system, minority of shareholders could elect directors who they want. Consequently, the cumulative voting system enhances the minority's rights to the company. However, the 1998 Amendment to the Korean Commercial Code does not mandate the cumulative voting system, but adopted the "opt-out" method that the company can exclude the cumulative voting system by the Article of Incorporation. Besides, even though the minority of shareholders elected directors, there are many ways to exclude the directors who were elected by the minority with a policies adopted by the majority. So many arguments concerned to the effectiveness of cumulative voting system under the Korean Commercial Code have been raised. This article examines a notion of the cumulative voting, essentials, necessary conditions of withdrawal of cumulative voting rights, and so forth. The article also examines advantages and disadvantages of cumulative voting to the company. The article ultimately intends to provide the proper schemes in the Korean Commercial Code concerned to whether the cumulative voting must be mandatory in Korea. For the purpose, the article also introduces the U.S. trends of cumulative voting system.

Development of an Optimization Program for a 2G HTS Conductor Design Process

김광록,황승재,한승용,문승현,이해근 한국초전도.저온공학회 2010 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4

The properties of the conductor—mechanical, thermal, and electrical—are the key information in the design and optimization of superconducting coils. Particularly, in devices using second generation (2G) high temperature superconductors (HTS), whose base materials (for example, the substrate or stabilizer) and dimensions are adjustable, a design process for conductor optimization is one of the most important factors to enhance the electrical and thermal performance of the superconducting system while reducing the cost of the conductor. Recently, we developed a numerical program that can be used for 2G HTS conductor optimization. Focusing on the five major properties, viz. the electrical resistivity, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, Z-value, and enthalpy, the program includes an electronic database of the major base materials and calculates the equivalent properties of the 2G HTS conductors using the dimensions of the base materials as the input values. In this study, the developed program is introduced and its validity is verified by comparing the experimental and simulated results obtained with several 2G HTS conductors.