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타피오카 전분을 이용한 넙치( Paralichthys olivaceus )용 고효율 배합사료 개발
김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),이진혁 ( Jin Hyuck Lee ),배기민 ( Ki Min Bae ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),이봉주 ( Bong Joo Lee ),한현섭 ( Hyon Sob Han ),이경준 ( Kyeong Jun Lee ),김성삼 ( Sung Sam Kim ) 한국수산과학회 2014 한국수산과학회지 Vol.47 No.6
This study compared the effects of feeding diets consisting of an experimental extruded pellet with tapioca starch (EEP), commercial extruded pellet (CEP), and raw-fish-based pellet (MP) on the growth, flesh quality, and apparent digestibility coefficient of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus . Two replicated groups of 4,000 fish each (initial mean weight: 81.8±3.5 g) were fed one of the experimental diets for 5 months. After the feeding trial, the final mean weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed efficiency of fish fed the EEP was significantly higher than those of fish fed the CEP and MP. Moisture content in the whole-body of fish fed MP was significantly higher than those of fish fed other diets. However, the highest crude protein in the whole-body was found in fish groups fed the EEP. Significantly higher contents of 24:1n-9, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3 and lower 18:1n-7 was observed in fish fed the EEP compared with fish fed the MP. The amino acid contents in the whole-body showed significant differences in the composition depending on the feed, but the distribution of free amino acids showed similar patterns. Among amino acids, glutamic acid showed the highest content in all the experimental groups, and the threonine, cysteine, and lysine contents were significantly higher in the groups fed with EEP and CEP than in the group fed with MP. Digestibility of nutrients of the EEP was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CEP. This suggests that extruded pellets can be used to feed olive flounder without compromising growth and flesh quality in comparison to raw-fish-based moist pellets. Formulation of the EEP could be used as a practical feed for olive flounder.
배합사료의 수침과 공급량이 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 성장, 혈액 및 조직 성상에 미치는 영향
김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),김성삼 ( Sung Sam Kim ),김재원 ( Jae Won Kim ),손맹현 ( Maeng Hyun Son ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),배승철 ( Sungchul C. Bai ),이경준 ( Kyeong Jun Lee ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2011 한국수산과학회지 Vol.44 No.5
Two consecutive feeding trials investigated the effects of feeding rate and pellet expansion by water-soaking on the growth performance, blood components and histology of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The first two experiments were carried out to determine the effects of pellet expansion and feeding rate. In the first experiment, growth performance, feed utilization and survival of fish were not significantly affected by pellet expansion for six weeks. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, glucose and total protein of fish fed the expanded pellet. However, whole-body lipid content of fish in the non-expanded group was significantly higher than that in the expanded group. Histological analysis of the anterior intestine revealed that fish in the expanded group had shorter and smaller mucous folds. These results indicate that pellet expansion had no beneficial effect in terms of growth performance, feed utilization and fish health. In the second experiment, weight gain and feed efficiency were significantly increased as feeding rate increased from 0 2.5% body weight per day (BW/d), but there were no significant differences in weight gain or feeding efficiency in fish fed the expanded pellet at ratios of 2.5% BW/d and satiation for three weeks. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity of fish fed the expanded pellet at a ratio of 2.5% was significantly lower than that of starved fish. Histological analysis of the anterior intestine revealed that fish in the 0% group had shorter mucous folds. Broken-line regression analysis suggested that the optimum juvenile olive flounder feeding rate was 3.5% BW/d during the low temperature season (16-17˚C).
김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),최정욱 ( Jeong Wook Choi ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),한현섭 ( Hyon Sob Han ),안철민 ( Cheul Min An ),이봉주 ( Bong Joo Lee ),최윤희 ( Youn Hee Choi ),남택정 ( Taek Jeong Nam ) 한국수산과학회 2012 한국수산과학회지 Vol.45 No.6
This study examined the effects of dietary glycoprotein extracted from Porphyra yezoensi on growth performance and resistance against the pathogenic bacteria Edwardsiella tarda in olive f lounder. A porphyra-originated glycoprotein (P) was extracted using sequential processes of water and ethanol treatment. P extracts were added to a f ishmeal-based diet at concentrations of 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0% (designated as Con, P0.5, and P1.0, respectively). Fish were fed one of the three experimental diets for 10 weeks. All f ish groups exhibited over 96.7% survival during the experimental period. Results indicated that the f ish fed diets containing P showed an increase in growth performance, including enhanced weight gain, specif ic growth rate, and feed eff iciency. An increase in insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) was observed in the f ish fed the P1.0 diet, as compared to those fed Con. At the end of the 10-week feeding trial, all f ish were infected with E. tarda, and accumulated mortality was monitored for 8 days. Fish fed the Con diet exhibited increasing mortality from day 3 to the end of the challenge test, whereas the mortality of P-fed f ish ceased at day 5. We suggest that supplementation with P-originated glycoprotein in aquafeed may increase growth performance and resistance against pathogenic bacteria in olive f lounder juveniles.
치어기 조피볼락에 있어 사료내 어분대체품의 이용 가능성
김강웅(Kang Woong Kim),배승철(Sung Chul Bai) 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.2
A 16-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the amount of fish meal analogue (FMA) that can be replacing white fish meal (WFM) protein in Korean rockfish. Five experimental diets were formulated on isonitrogenous and isocaloric basis of 50% crude protein and 15.6 KJ/g diet. The graded level of replacement of FM by FMA on the basis of crude protein were as follows : Diet 1(100% WFM), Diet 2 (87.5% WFM : 12.5% FMA), Diet 3 (75% WFM : 25% FMA), Diet 4 (75% WFM : 25% FMA+2 EAAs), Diet 5 (50% WFM : 50% MA+2 EAAs). Methionine and lysine were selected for 2 essential amino acids (EAA) to study the effect of adding EAA to th diets 4 and 5. Weig6t gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE) and- protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed diet 3, 4 and 5 were significantly lower (P< 0.05) than those of fish fed the control (100% WFM), while that of fish fed diet 2 was not significantly different diet (P>0.05) from those of fish fed the control diet. WG, FE and PER of fish fed diet 4 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of fish fed diet 3, but lower than those of fish fed the control diet. Therefore, these results indicated that FMA protein could substitute WFM protein up to 12.5% without 2 EAAs supplementation in Korean rockfish. And, dietary supplementation of 2 EAAs could be benetficial when FMA is utilized as a fish meal replacer in iuvenile Korean rockfish.
김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),김성삼 ( Sung Sam Kim ),정준범 ( Joon Bum Jeong ),전유진 ( You Jin Jeon ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),안철민 ( Cheul Min An ),이경준 ( Kyeong Jun Lee ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2011 한국수산과학회지 Vol.44 No.6
Two consecutive studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented garlic powder (FGP) or fermented garlic fluid (FGF) on growth performance, immune responses, and disease resistance of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus . In experiment I, olive flounder (BW: 65 g) were fed four experimental diets formulated to contain 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% FGP (designated as FGP-0, FGP-0.5, FGP-1, and FGP-1.5, respectively). After the 10-weeks feeding trial, feed intake was significantly lower in fish fed the FGP-0.5 and FGP-1.0 diets, as compared to those fed the control diet. Fish fed the FGP-0 and FGP-0.5 diets showed significantly lower survival, as compared to the other treatments. Dietary supplementation with FGP resulted in higher non-specific immune responses than the FGP-0 group. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased as dietary FGP level increased. In experiment II, olive flounder (BW: 65 g) were fed four experimental diets for 10 weeks. The diets were prepared with a commercial expanded pellet to have 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% FGF (designated as FGF-0, FGF-0.25, FGF-0.5, and FGF-1, respectively) by adsorption. At the end of the second feeding trial, feed intake was significantly lower in fish fed the FGF-0 diet, as compared to other treatments. Fish fed the FGF-0.25 and FGF-0.5 diets exhibited significantly lower cholesterol levels, as compared to other treatments. Lysozyme activity significantly increased with increases in dietary FGF. Cumulative mortality in a challenge test with Streptococcus iniae was significantly lower in the fish groups fed FGF-supplemented diets than in fish fed the control diet. The results of this study indicated that dietary supplementation with FGP or FGF can enhance the non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of olive flounder against S. iniae .
치어기 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus) 사료내 어분 대체원으로서발효 대두박 이용성
김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),이봉주 ( Bong Joo Lee ),이진혁 ( Jin Hyeok Lee ),한현섭 ( Hyon Sob Han ),구자완 ( Ja Wan Koo ),최윤희 ( Youn Hee Choi ),배승철 ( Sung Chul Bai ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6
This study evaluated fermented soybean meal (FSM) as a fish meal (FM) replacement and determined the appropriate amount of FSM in juvenile olive flounder diet. Twenty-four aquaria with a flowing-water system were stocked with fish averaging 20.9 g at a density of 25 fish/tank. Five experimental diets were prepared replacing FM with 0, 10, 20, 30, or 40% FSM based on FM protein (designated FSM0, FM10, FSM20 FSM30, and FSM40, respectively). Two additional diets were prepared that replaced 30 or 40% of the FM with FSM with added amino acids (methionine and lysine) (designated FSM30+AA, and FSM40+AA, respectively). Fish (triplicates)were fed one of the eight experimental diets (50% crude protein and 16.7 kJ available energy g-1 diet) for 8 weeks. Survival did not differ among the treatments during the feeding experiment. There were no significant differences in weight gain (WG) or specific growth rate (SGR) among the fish fed diets with up to 30% of the FM replaced. However, fish fed FSM40 or FSM40+AA had a reduced WG and SGR, as compared to FSM0 (control) (P < 0.05). The feed efficiency and apparent digestibility showed a similar trend (P < 0.05). The proximate composition in the whole body of fish differed only between the control and FSM40 for the crude protein level and between the control and FSM30+AA for the crude lipid level. The whole-body amino acid composition did not differ among treatments. No significant differences were found between the diet groups with and without amino acid supplementation,indicating that amino acid supplementation had no effect. The major finding of this study is that fermented soybean meal may replace up to 30% of fish meal without amino acid supplementation for normal growth of juvenile olive flounder