Multiple Human Papillomavirus Infection Is Associated with High-Risk Infection in Male Genital Warts in Ulsan, Korea

권택민,문경현,양성학,노민철,이상훈,김제원,김인규,노경호,박성찬 대한의학회 2016 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.31 No.3

Further understanding of male human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is necessary to prevent infection in men, as well as transmission to women. In our current study, we investigated patterns of HPV infection and genotype distributions in male genital warts using the Anyplex II HPV28 Detection kit. We reviewed the medical records of 80 male patients who presented to 5 neighborhood clinics in Ulsan, Korea, for the treatment of genital warts between April 2014 and January 2015. All patients underwent HPV genotyping. The prevalence and characteristics of HPV infection were analyzed, and the patterns of HPV infection according to age were assessed. Among the study patients, 13 (16.3%) were negative for HPV infection, 46 (57.3%) were infected with low-risk HPV, and 21 (26.3%) were infected with high-risk HPV. Patients with multiple HPV infection were more likely to have high-risk HPV infection (P = 0.001). The prevalence of HPV infection was much higher in samples obtained by tissue excision due to a definite lesion (P = 0.001). There were no differences in high-risk HPV infection (P = 0.459), multiple HPV infection (P = 0.185), and recurrence at diagnosis (P = 0.178) according to age. HPV-6 and HPV-11 were the most common type overall (39.7% and 13.8%, respectively). HPV- 16 and HPV-18 were the most common high-risk infections (both 3.4%). HPV infection is not only commonly encountered in male genital warts, but is also accompanied by highrisk HPV and multiple infections.

식물체의 면역반응 기작 (총설)

권택민,남재성 한국식물생명공학회 2005 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.2

Disease resistance in plants is often controlled by gene-for-gene mechanism in which avirulence (avr) gene products encoding by pathogens are specifically recognized, either directly or indirectly by plant disease resistance (R) gene products and sequential signal transduction pathways activating defense responses are rapidly triggered. As a results, not only exhibit a resistance against invading pathogens but also plants maintain the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to various other pathogens. This molecular interaction between pathogen and plant is commonly compared to innate immune system of animal. Recent studies arising from molecular characterization of a number of R genes from various plant species that confer resistance to different pathogens and corresponding avr genes from various pathogens resulted in the accumulation of a wealth of knowledge on molecular mechanism of gene-for-gene interaction. Furthermore, new technologies of genomics and proteomics make it possible to monitor the genome-wide gene regulation and protein modification during activation of disease resistance, expanding our ability to understand the plant immune response and develop new crops resistant to biotic stress.

근치적 전립선절제술을 시행 받은 전립선암 환자에서 술 전 전립선특이항원 수치 4 ng/ml 미만 환자의 임상 병리학적특성 분석

권택민,정인갑,홍준혁,안한종,김청수 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.4

Purpose: We analyzed the clinicopathologic characteristics of men undergoing radical prostatectomy in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) range of less than 4 ng/ml and compared this with the results for men who had a PSA range of 4 to 9.9 ng/ml. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 447 men treated for prostate cancer with radical prostatectomy between 1990 and 2006 at our institute who had a prebiopsy PSA of less than 10 ng/ml. The average follow-up period was 37 months. Clinicopathologic characteristics were compared between men with a PSA value of less than 4 ng/ml (low-PSA group) and men with a value in the range of 4 to 9.9 ng/ml (intermediate- PSA group). Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results: Of these 447 patients, 60 (13.4%) and 387 (86.6%) had a low or an intermediate prebiopsy PSA level, respectively. The pathologic findings of the prostatectomy specimens showed no significant differences between the 2 groups, including Gleason score and pathologic stage. The 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival in the low- and intermediate-PSA groups was 82.8% and 79.3%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (p=0.946). Multivariate analysis showed that, in the entire cohort, pathologic Gleason score and lymph node involvement were independent predictors of biochemical recurrence. Conclusions: No statistically significant differences were found in clinicopathologic characteristics or clinical outcome between the low- and intermediate-PSA groups. These results suggest that a lower PSA cutoff should be considered as an indication for prostate biopsy in the Korean population.

애기장대 AtERF11 유전자에 의한 Pseudomonas syringae에 대한 병 저항성 유도

권택민,정윤희,정순재,이영병,남재성,Kwon, Tack-Min,Jung, Yun-Hui,Jeong, Soon-Jae,Yi, Young-Byung,Nam, Jae-Sung 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.2

AvrRpt2 protein triggers hypersensitive response (HR) and strong disease resistance when it is translocated from a bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas sp. to host plant cells containing a cognate RPS2 resistance protein through Type III Secretion System (TTSS). However, AvrRpt2 protein can function as the effector that suppresses a basal defense and enhances the disease symptom when functional RPS2 resistance protein is absent in the infected plant cells. Using Affymetrix Arabidopsis DNA chip, we found that many genes were specifically regulated by AvrRpt2 protein in the rps2 Arabidopsis mutant. Here, we showed that expression of AtERF11 that is known as a member of B1a subcluster of AP2/ERF transcription factor family was down regulated specifically by AvrRpt2. To determine its function in plant resistance, we also generated the Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing AtERF11 under CaMV 355 promoter, which conferred an enhanced resistance against a bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Thus, these results collectively suggest that AtERF11 plays a role as a positive regulator for disease resistance against biotrophic bacterial pathogen in plant. 본 연구는 Affymetrix Arabidopsis DNA chip을 이용하여 비 병원성 인자인 AvrRpt2 단백질에 의해서 특이적으로 전사 과정이 조절되는 애기장대 유전자들을 분리하고 병 저항성 방어체계와 관련한 이들 유전자들의 기능 분석을 시도하였다. 그 중에서 먼저 식물 호르몬인 ethylene의 신호 조절에 관여하는 ERFs (ethylene-responsive element binding factors) 전사조절 유전자 family 중에서 Bla subfamily 그룹으로 알려져 있는 AtERF11 유전자의 병 저항성 관련 기능을 규명하였다. 저항성 유전자 RPS2가 없는 경우에는 비 병원성 인자인 AvrRpt2 단백질은 기주 식물체내의 기초 병저항성을 감소시키고 병원성 세균의 증식을 향상시켜서 병증을 증대시키는 effector로 작용한다는 기존의 연구결과와 유사하게, 저항성 유전자 RPS2가 없는 조건에서 AtERF11 유전자의 발현이 AvrRpt2 단백질의 작용에 의해서 특이적으로 감소되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 AtERF11 유전자는 식물체의 병 저항성 방어기작에 있어서 positive regulator로서 작용하기 때문에 effector로 작용하는 AvrRpt2 단백질에 의해서 조절되는 것으로 추측하였다. 본 가설을 증명하기 위해 AtERF11의 발현을 증폭시킨 애기장대 형질전화체를 제작하고 P. syringae pv. tomato DC 3000에 대한 병저항성을 실험하였다. AtERF11 유전자가 대량 발현하는 형질전화 된 애기장대에서는 야생종에 비해 대략 100배 이상 세균의 증식이 억제되는 강력한 병저항성을 가진다는 것을 검증하였다.

요도하열 교정수술 후 발생한 요도-피부 누공과 요도협착의 치료

권택민,송기현,송강현,송채린,김건석 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.1

Purpose: Urethrocutaneous fistulas and urethral strictures are the most frequent complications after hypospadias repair. We reviewed outcomes after surgical repair of these complications to evaluate the factors determining successful outcome. Materials and Methods: In 60 patients with fistula or stricture after hypospadias repair performed between September 1993 and January 2008, we reviewed incidences, clinical features, and outcome after repair with respect to initial hypospadias types. Results: Fistulas were observed in 42 patients and were surgically repaired in 39(92.8%). In 8(19.0%) and 3(7.1%) patients, concurrent meatal and urethral strictures were noted, respectively. The number of fistulas was single in 38(90.5%) and 2 in 4(9.5%) patients. Fistulas occurred most frequently from the penoscrotal type hypospadias(22/65, 33.8%) and had initially undergone transverse preputial island flap repair(13/26, 50%). Complete excision of the fistulous tract and multilayer advancement flap closure was the most common method for fistula repair(24), followed by cross-suture in 9 and repeat urethroplasty in 6. Initial management was successful in 35(89.7%) patients. Urethral strictures were observed in 16 patients with equal incidences at the meatus and the other portion of the urethra. Successful outcome was achieved in all metal stenosis after repeat meatoplasty, whereas for urethral strictures, 4(20%) patients who underwent visual urethrotomy experienced recurrent strictures. Conclusions: Urethrocutaneous fistulas can be successfully repaired by complete excision and cross-suture closure and multiple coverage with healthy tissues. In urethral strictures, reconstruction of ample neo-meatus is the key to achieving sufficient stream regardless of the stricture site.

Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes after Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer at a Single Institution

권택민,정인갑,유달산,홍범식,홍준혁,안한종,김청수 대한의학회 2014 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.29 No.5

The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience using radical cystectomy to treatpatients with bladder cancer and to describe the associations between pathologic featuresand clinical outcomes. All 701 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladdercancer were evaluated. The patient population consisted of 623 men and 78 women. Theoverall 5 and 10 yr recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 61.8% and 57.7%, respectively,and the 5 and 10 yr cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were 70.8% and 65.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that factors significantly predictive of RFS and CSS includedextravesical extension (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), and lymphovascularinvasion (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007). The 5 and 10 yr RFS rates for patients with lymphnode metastasis were 25.6% and 20.8%, respectively, and the 5 and 10 yr CSS rates were38.6% and 30.9%, respectively. Adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved RFS(P = 0.002) and CSS (P = 0.001) in patients with lymph node metastasis. Radical cystectomyprovides good survival results in patients with invasive bladder cancer. Pathologic featuressignificantly associated with prognosis include extravesical extension, node metastasis, andlymphovascular invasion. Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients withadvanced stage disease.

장무지굴근 통증유발점 주사에 의한 양측성 발뒤꿈치 통증의 치료

권택민,우승훈,홍기혁 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.2

Causes of heel pad pain are variable and there are causative factors; such as spinal nerve root compression, loss of lipid layer of heel pad, trigger point and tendinitis of plantar intrinsic muscles, tendinitis and bursitis of Achilles tendon, and posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome. It is difficult to recognize the cause of heel pad pain and therapeuticmodality is variable in accordance with causative factors. The patient suffering from both heel pad pain was treated with trigger point injection(TPI) of flexor hallucis ongus muscle with 0.5% mepivacaine 2.5㎖. Patient's symptom was improved to a certain extent after repeated 13 times trigger point injection during 66 days.

디지털 경제 환경의 디지털콘텐츠산업 동향

권택민 한국인터넷정보학회 2007 인터넷정보학회지 Vol.8 No.4

A double-stranded RNA binding protein, HYL1, regulates plant immunity via the jasmonic acid pathway

권택민 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.5

MicroRNA (miRNA) and small interference RNA (siRNA) regulate not only plant growth and development, but also various responses to stress, including biotic stress, through post-transcriptional gene regulation. Hyponastic leaves 1 (HYL1), a double-stranded RNA binding protein, plays an important role in miRNA and siRNA processing, along with Dicer-like 1 (DCL1) and Hua Enhancer 1 (HEN1). Of five double-stranded RNA binding protein (DRB) deficient mutants in Arabidopsis, only the hyl1 mutant compromised innate immune responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 hrcC − infection when compared to wild-type plants. This was similar to the response of the hen1 mutant. Furthermore, the hyl1 mutant was susceptible to Pst (avrRpt2) infections, and showed a delay in the hypersensitive response that should result from gene-for-gene interactions between RPS2 and AvrRpt2. These results suggest that HYL1 is a major contributor in the DRB family, influencing miRNA and siRNA biogenesis and therefore playing essential roles in PAMP- and effect-triggered immune responses in plants. DNA microarray analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, signal transduction, and downstream responses was significantly upregulated in the hyl1 mutant compared with wild-type plants. Consistent with this, transgenic plants overexpressing HYL1 are hypersensitive to the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea, of which resistance is mainly regulated by JA. These results elucidate the importance of small RNA-mediated JA regulation in plant immunity.

Prevalence and clinical significance of incidental 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose uptake in prostate

권택민,정인갑,유달산,홍준혁,안한종,김청수 대한비뇨의학회 2015 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.56 No.4

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of incidental prostate fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and to evaluate its impact on patient management. Materials and Methods: Of 47,109 men who underwent FDG positron emission tomography between 2004 and 2014, 1,335 (2.83%) demonstrated incidental FDG uptake in the prostate, with 99 of the latter undergoing prostate biopsy. The primary end point was the histological presence of prostate adenocarcinoma in the biopsy specimen. Outcomes, including treatment methods, survival, and causes of death, were also assessed. Factors associated with the diagnosis of prostate cancer were evaluated by using logistic regression analysis. Results: Patients with prostate cancer were more likely to have higher serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (p=0.001) and focal FDG uptake (p=0.036) than were those without. Prostate cancer occurred in 1 of 26 patients (3.8%) with serum PSA<2.5 ng/mL, compared with 40 of 67 patients (59.7%) with serum PSA≥2.5 ng/mL. Multivariable analysis showed that focal lesions (odds ratio [OR], 5.50; p=0.038), age (OR, 1.06; p=0.031), and serum PSA (OR, 1.28; p=0.001) were independent predictors of prostate cancer diagnosis. Most patients with prostate cancer had organ-confined tumors. Of these, 12 (29.3%) underwent radical prostatectomy and 25 (60.9%) received hormone therapy. Of the 11 patients who died, 9 died of primary cancer progression, with only 1 patient dying from prostate cancer. Conclusions: The prevalence of incidental FDG uptake in the prostate was not high, although patients with elevated serum PSA had a higher incidence of prostate cancer. Patients with FDG uptake in the prostate should be secondarily evaluated by measuring serum PSA, with those having high serum PSA undergoing prostate biopsy.