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권정욱,이재구 ( Jeong Wook Kwon,Jae Koo Lee ) 한국환경농학회 1997 한국환경농학회지 Vol.16 No.4
In order to elucidate the degradation characteristics of the herbicide imazapyr in soil, mineralization to ^(14)CO₂ and adsorption were investigated using eight types of soils with the different physico-chemical properties. The results obtained were as follows: 1. During the incubation period of 12 weeks after the treatment of imazapyr, the amounts of ^(14)CO₂ evolved from 8 types of soils with different properties ranged from 1.5 to 4.9% of the originally applied ^(14)C activities. Soil C, G, and H with low pH and high organic matter showed low ^(14)CO₂ evolution, whereas soil B and D with high pH and low organic matter did high ^(14)CO₂ evolution. 2. Time for reaching the equilibrium concentrations in the adsorption experiment of imazapyr in soils was about 3 hours at 25℃ in soil C, D, G, and H. Imazapyr was adsorbed in the range of 0.25∼28.32% in soils with different physico-chemical properties. Among the soil parameters, organic matter content was the most influential in imazapyr adsorption on soil. The Freundlich adsorption coefficient (K_f) increased 5.5 to 25.6 times as organic matter content increased 2.0 to 21.3 times. Hence it seems that the extent to which soil organic matter contributes to imazapyr adsorption is greater than that of clay mineral. K_f values for the soils tested were 0.44, 0.08, 0.65, and 2.05 in soil C, D, G, and H, respectively. In all the soils tested, K_f values had a strong resemblance to K_d.
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권정욱(Kwon, Jeong-Wook) 한국군사문제연구원 2021 한국군사 Vol.10 No.-
본 연구는 6·25 전쟁기 호주 공군 최초의 제트전투기인 미티어의 도입과 운용과정, 공대공 전투사례를 분석하여 그 이면의 내용을 고찰하는 데 목적이 있다. 6·25 전쟁기 호주공군의 활약은 공대지 폭격의 성과에 집중되어 공대공전투 연구는 간과되어 왔다. 또한, 6·25 전쟁에서 공대공 전투는 미그회랑에서 소련과 미국이 펼친 세계 최초의 제트전투기 교전이라는 틀로 각인되어 유엔참전국의 활약상이 드러나지 못했다. 호주공군은 미그기와의 공대공 전투에서 한계와 가능성을 모두 보여주었다. 도입 초기에는 미국·영국과의 긴밀한 협조를 통해 제트기 운용능력을 조기에 향상시킬 수 있었지만, 2차 대전에서의 공대공 전투 경험 과신, 임무계획 단계에서 고고도 비행의 한계 미반영, 군수지원의 한계를 극복하지 못하고, 국지방공이나 공대지 임무만 수행하는 처지에 처했다. 그러나 기동에 유리한 고도를 선점하고, 자체 전술개발 노력 등을 통해 1952년부터는 미그기와의 교전에서 손실 없이 4대의 미그기를 격추하는 성과를 낳았다. 호주공군에게 6·25전쟁은 장비나 인원의 질적 우위를 유지하는 것의 중요성과 연합작전계획 시 국가별 능력의 강·약점을 조화시키고 의견을 교환하기 위한 제도화된 채널의 중요성을 각인하는 계기가 되었다. 이것은 오늘날 연합작전을 수행하는 한국군에게도 시사하는 바가 크다고 하겠다. This study focuses on the examining the introduction, operational process, and air-to-air combat of Meteor, the Royal Australian Air Force’s first jet fighter during the Korean War. While the RAAF’s achievements regarding air-to-ground bombing during the Korean War were magnified, its air-to-air combat achievements have been overlooked. In addition, while the aerial engagement between USSR and US jet fighters in the airspace of the Korean Peninsula known as ‘MiG Alley’ became the world’s first jet fighter combat, the contributions made by the UN combatant countries during the Korean War were not properly recognized. The RAAF showed both limitations and possibilities in air-to-air combat with MiGs. During the early engagements, the RAAF improved rapidly their operational capabilities through the close cooperation with the United States and the United Kingdom, but it did not overcome its overconfidence driven by the World War II air-to-air combat experience, limitations of its capabilities at high-altitude flight not reflected in the mission planning, and limitations of logistical support. So, the RAAF had to perform only local air defense or air-to-ground missions. However, they achieved impressive results, shooting down four MiGs without loss to themselves in aerial combat since 1952. This was possible, because the RAAF preempted the enemy an advantageous altitude for maneuvering and developed their own tactics. The Korean War provided the RAAF with invaluable lessons not only about the importance of maintaining their qualitative advantage in equipment and personnel, but also about the significance of institutionalized communication channels with which they could compensate each other’s strengths and weaknesses and exchanged opinions for combined operations in the planning stage. The results of this study offer some important implications for the Korean military, which is conducting combined operations today.
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권정욱(Kwon Jeong Wook) 육군사관학교 화랑대연구소 2021 한국군사학논집 Vol.77 No.3
The purpose of this study is tocontemplate the PLA’s electromagnetic warfare development process, operational concepts, and capabilities comprehensively and to derive implications. Based on the open sourced information, first, the PLA is developing electromagnetic warfare at a strategic level. Secondly, it is making a vital effort to secure electromagnetic spectrum superiority for winning in the informationized war. Thirdly, electromagnetic warfare is used as an asymmetrical means. The PLA will continue to strengthen efforts to create favorable conditions by achieving the superiority of the electromagnetic spectrum. Considering the inevitability of using the electromagnetic spectrum in today"s high-tech weapon systems, the Korean Peninsula is no exception, so the military needs to cope with China"s covert electronic information collection proactively to prevent unfavorable situations. Thus, I presented the development direction of electromagnetic warfare of the Korean military in terms of concept, alliance cooperation, weapon systems, organization, and domain integration.
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제초제 Imazapyr 의 미생물에 의한 분해 및 기타 방법에 의한 분해 촉진
이재구,권정욱 ( Jae Koo Lee,Jeong Wook Kwon ) 한국환경농학회 1998 한국환경농학회지 Vol.17 No.1
The microbial degradation, photosensitizer-mediated photolysis, and bioceramic- accelerated degradation of the herbicide imazapyr were investigated using four types of soil. 1. Seven strains of microorganisms isolated from the soil A and the active sludge collected from the waste water disposal plant in CheongJu did not give any distinct degradation products in pure culture. When imazapyr (10ppm) was incubated for 14days with each of the 6strains of the known bacteria, they did not produce any noticeable products, either, suggesting that imazapyr was degraded very little by microorganisms in aqueous media. Meanwhile, when 50ppm of imazapyr was incubated in soil A and B for 6months, a degradation product of m/z 279 was detected. It turned out to be 2-[(1-carbamoyl-1,2-dimethylpropyl)carbamoyl]nicotinic acid, which was formed by the hydrolytic cleavage of the imidazolinone ring and by tautomerism. When imazapyr was exposed to sunlight, degradation rates were 14.6% under the control and 66.0, 76.5, 26.7, and 90.0% in the presence of PS-1 (100ppm), PS-1 (200ppm), PS-2(100ppm), and PS-3(100ppm), respectively, and a degradation product of m/z 149 was tentatively identified in the treatment of PS-1. 2. When soil C and D treated with bioceramic were incubated for 7weeks, the ^(14)C-activities of ^(14)CO₂ evolved were 2.03 and 1.12% of the originally applied ones, respectively, whereas those in control soils without bioceramic were 1.88 and 0.82%, showing no significant differences. After 5 weeks, however, the differences in the amounts of $quot;CO₂ between the two treatments increased gradually, suggesting the bioceramic effect.
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이재구(Jae Koo Lee),권정욱(Jeong Wook Kwon),안기창(Ki Chang Ahn),박주형(Ju Hyoung Park),이준수(Jun Su Lee) 한국환경농학회 2000 한국환경농학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Photosensitizing activities of some selected photosensitizers (PS) on the artificial diminution of pesticide residues on red pepper were investigated. Red peppers were sprayed 4 times with the three fungicides, dithianon, triflumizole, and triforine, according to the conventional method, followed by the application of photosensitizers once. Recoveries for the analyses of the pesticide residues were high (90.7∼98.5%) except for dithianon (76.6∼78.3%). In case of dithianon, after 1 day of the application of PS-1 (10 ppm), the residual amount was 76% of that of the control. For triflumizole, the residual amount after 3 days of the application of PS-4 (50 ppm) accounted for 48% of that of the control. In case of triforine, the residual amount after 1 day of the application of PS-3 (100 ppm) was 55% of that of the control. The results indicated that the photosensitizing activities of photosensitizers varied with chemicals and the matrices where pesticide residues are remaining.
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