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A study on the exposure risk assessment for consumer disinfectant products
Ji-young Heo(허지영),Myunghee Kwon(권명희),Jaewoong Lee(이재웅) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5
This study is carried to investigate biocidal active substances contained in the disinfectant products in order to evaluate exposure risk assessment for consumer use at home, at work, and at various public sites. The goal in risk assessment is to assign risk potential on an product formulations. Based on the survey results of disinfectant products in markets, we observed that there are 93 biocidal active substances in 1,194 disinfectant products. It was found that the main substances in disinfectant products are Ethanol (N=559), Sodium hypochlorite (N=72), Silver (N=55), Citric acid (N=48), 2-Phenoxyethanol (N=46), Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (N=31), Propan-2-ol; Isopropyl alcohol (N=30), Hypochlorous acid (N=24), Alkyl (C12-18) dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride; ADBAC (C12-18) (N=21). Particularly, we analyzed the contents (%) of Ethanol from 40 products and observed the different observations between 3 ~ 95% in labels and 0.05%~83.71% in analysis. Additionally, the formulations in disinfectant products were classified with particle form (spray, aerosol, trigger) and on-particle form (liquid, tissue, granular, tablet, pellet, get, patch etc.) and the formulations of spray and liquid are used in most with 490 and 392 products, respectively. To evaluate exposure risk assessment by disinfectant products, we only considered two exposure ways of dermal and inhalation based on the results of formulation types for 11 insecticide substances among 93 biocidal active substances in terms of RfD (Reference dose) values for subacute or subchronic toxicity. As a result of risk assessments for 11 insecticide substances (Isopropyl alcohol, Peracetic acid, hiabendazole, C12-16-benzalkonium chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, Triclosan, Propyl alcohol, Citric acid, 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, 2-Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; MIT, Methylalcohol), we observed no inhalation and dermal exposure risk when it applied at the maximum contents for 11 insecticide active substances in products.
차광판 표면 처리 방법에 따른 전사광 변화에 관한 연구
구진회(Jinhoi Gu),권명희(Myunghee Kwon),이윤경(Yoon-Gyeong Lee) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2014 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.28 No.12
Since the “Light Pollution Prevention Act” was executed, the installation of the light cutoff panel to the security lightings which caused light trespass has been increased in the local government. The light cutoff panel is effective in reducing the light trespass in term of the cost-benefit. Because the installation of the light cutoff panel is inexpensive than the change of the security lighting. But the reflected light from the surface of the light cutoff panel has been regarded as another light pollution problem to solve. Therefore, we try to improve light cutoff panel by changing the light reflectivity characteristic of the surface of the light cutoff panel. First, we laminated the surface of light cutoff panel by black powder to reduce the light reflectivity of the light cutoff panel. After the black powder lamination, the light reflectivity on the light cutoff panel improved from 85% to 5%. And we compared reflected light caused by black powder laminated light cutoff panel with the one of no surface treatment cutoff panel. The vertical illuminance was measured at 3, 6, 9m in front of the security lighting and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18m in back of the security lighting to evaluate the reflected light. And the measurement height was determined of 1.5m considering the height of the 1th floor of an apartment house. In this study, we found that the reflected light from the light cutoff panel can be reduced about 90% by the black powder lamination method. The results derived from this study will be helpful to develope the various kind of light cutoff panel which minimize the adverse effect like reflected light of light cutoff panel.
지현아(Hyun Ah Ji),심인근(In-Keun Shim),원수란(Soo Ran Won),권명희(Myunghee Kwon) 한국생활환경학회 2017 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.24 No.1
Indoor air qualities in smoking banned and smoking free facilities are investigated for figure out the relationship between environmental factors and concentration of smoking pollutants. The KS H ISO 18145 and indoor air quality standard method were used for analysing the nicotine and particulate matter(PM10), respectively. The highest concentration of fine particles and nicotine is recorded in billiard hall. A significant positive relationship between smoking frequency and concentration of indoor pollutants was observed. Among the environmental factors, the ventilation time and frequency was revealed as a main factor influencing on reducing the concentration of fine particles and nicotine which are emitted from indoor smoking.