PCR에 의한 HIV의 진단

강춘,Kang, Chun 한국미생물학회 1992 微生物과 産業 Vol.18 No.2

HIV는 ELISA나 WB에 의해 항체가 검출되기 수개월 혹은 수 년전에도 proviral DNA 상태로 감염된 세포의 chromosome내에 존재하는 것이 주지의 사실이다. 그동안 Southern blot, in situ hybridization등에 의해 이 proviral DNA를 검출하려는 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 lymphocyte $10^{4}$-$10^{6}$개 중 1개가 감염되어 있으며 lymphocyte chromosomal DNA에 비해 viral DNA의 양이 미량이므로 검출하기에는 민감도가 낮은 문제점이 있다. 본 고에서는 근래 개발되어 널리 사용되고 있는 polymerase chain reaction(PCR)을 이용한 HIV의 진단에 관해 살펴보고자 한다.

Cotton rat as a model for the study of influenza virus pathogenesis

Chun Kang(강춘) 한국실험동물학회 2008 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

朱熹 “验证说” 萌芽与洪大容 “验证说” 比较研究

강춘화(Kang Chun Hwa)(姜春华,) 대한중국학회 2017 중국학 Vol.61 No.-

Zhuxi, who epitomized the thought of neo-Confucianism, not only has an effect on Chin ese idealist philosophy during the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties,but has a direct i nfluence on Korean social philosophy during the Korean Age. Hong Tae-Yong is a well- k nown scholar in the later stage of the Korean Age, his theory with Zhuxi‘s became the tw o main schools on the Korean’s thinking. Zhuxi explored some problems in the field of epistemology with the theory of Ge Wu Z hi Zhi. Beyond that, he made a few opinions about verification theory and the opinions g et the clearer in his old age. He was becoming more interested in natural science, and th e thought about verification theory was frequently found in his later writings. In the resear ch about natural scientific problems, he had adopted observation, experimentation and pra ctice method. Zhuxi has opened up a new area and bends and laid the theoretical founda tions for verification theory. Hong Tae-Yong carried on some theoretical results of the Zhu xi on the one hand, and made his own pragmatical learning, on the other hand. In his th eory, the methodology occupied a central place. This thesis has taken the postivist theory as research objects, discusses about Hong Tae-Yong s pragmatical learning by comparing with Zhuxi s Verification Theory. He proved some opinions by the recognizing method of practice, observing methods and the recognizing method of practice. Hong Tae-Yong be d ivorced from Zhuxi s theory and have created a new pragmatical learning by these objecti ve methods. As has been described above, the main differences between the two is understanding th e “Shi(实)”. Hong Tae-Yong attaches great importance to truthful information, truthful circu mstances, truthful experiment and actual practice, He has made great efforts in recognizin g the real things, and has verified them one by one through practice. His objective metho d have helped take his thought off the ZhuZi s Philosophy and have created pragmatical l earning. 中国宋代著名的思想家朱熹提出‘格物致知说’等主要认识方法论之外, 也提出了分量不多的‘验证说’萌芽, 而且这一思想越到晚年越明确, ‘验证说’也出现在他晚年著作的字里行间, 为后来的验证说的发展奠定了理论基础。朝鲜时代的洪大容一方面继承了朱熹的性理学说中合理的部分, 另一方面开创了自己独特的实学思想。在他的整个实学體系中, 认识论占着相当重要的位置。本文以其中的‘實證說’爲硏究對象, 采取與朱熹的验证说萌芽相比較的方法, 分析探討洪大容實學的實證說。洪大容的實證法是親自走向事物, 經過實踐驗證。他通過直接的實見实境的實證法、實際的测量推步的實證法, 亲手實驗實踐的實證法, 一一验證眞理。这种客觀的認識方法使洪大容的哲學擺脫了朱子學, 打開了擺脫朱子學的、實學的認識論的開端。

性理学与脱性理学关于认识主体与客体问题上的差异: ― 以朱熹与洪大容比较为中心

姜春华,(Kang Chun Hwa) 대한중국학회 2018 중국학 Vol.64 No.-

한국인 HIV 감염자에서 분리된 HIV-1 Subtype A의 env 유전자 V3-V5 부위의 계통적 분석

이주실,김은영,강춘,남정구,이성래,구본기,신영오,Lee, Joo-Shil,Kim, Eun-Young,Kang, Chun,Nam, Jeong-Gu,Lee, Sung-Rae,Koo, Bon-Ki,Shin, Yung-Oh 대한미생물학회 1999 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.28 No.1

Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to monitor transmission of HIV and to investigate the genetic structure of primary isolates from 12 HIV-1 subtype A infected Koreans. The individuals infected with subtype A viruses had been diagnosed as HIV-1 seropositives during the period 1987 to 1995 and blood samples have been collected from 1991 to 1997. DNA of each individual was isolated from uncultured or cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. V3-V5 (0.7 kb) fragment of HIV-1 env gene was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction and the PCR products were sequenced. The mean value of the divergence of nucleotide of HIV-1 env V3-V5 fragment was $17.0{\pm}4.06%$ ($8.6{\sim}25.8%$) within HIV-1 subtype A isolates from Koreans. This diversity was higher than those of African isolates ($13.7{\pm}2.66%$). In the phylogenetic tree, Korean subtype A isolates were not grouped together, but intermingled into African isolates. The results of this study suggested that HIV-1 subtype A variants be introduced from multiple sites of Africa into Korea and the big genetic diversity of Korea HIV-1 subtype A isolates may be further influenced by the range of geographic locations in which the infection occurred rather than the elapsed time between infection and collection of samples and the disease progression.

다양한 HIV-1 Subtype 분리주의 Viral Phenotype (SI/NSI)과 V3 Domain 아미노산 서열 분석

남정구(Jeong-Gu Nam),강춘(Chun Kang),이성래(Sung-Rae Lee),박용근(Yong-Keun Park),이주실(Joo-Shil Lee) 대한미생물학회 2001 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.31 No.1

인플루엔자ㆍ조류인플루엔자의 역학 및 관리

천병철(Byung-chul Chun),김재홍(Jae-hong Kim),이윤정(Yoon-jung Lee),강춘(Kang Chun),김현미(Hyun-mee Kim),권용국(Young-kuk Kwon),최준구(Jun-gu Choi),이은경(Eun-kyoung Lee),박최규(Choi-kyu Park),위성환(Sung-hwan Wee),최순자(Soon-ja Cho 한국역학회 2005 Epidemiology and Health Vol.27 No.1

Natural infections with influenza A viruses have been reported in a variety of animal species including humans, pigs, horses, sea mammals, and birds. Although viruses of relatively few haemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) subtype combinations have been isolated from mammalian species, all subtypes, in most combinations, have been isolated from birds. During the past few years, several subtypes of avian influenza A have been shown to cross the species barrier and infect humans. During an outbreak of a highly pathogenic influenza A(H5N1) virus among poultry in Hong Kong in 1997, 6 of 18 people with confirmed infection died. And a total of 89 human infections with influenza A(H7N7), including 1 resulting in the death of a Dutch veterinarian, occurred during the extensive outbreak in 2003. During late 2003 and early 2004, there were reports of large outbreaks of H5Nl among poultry throughout Asia (including Korea, Japan, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and China). In Korea, we had also highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI) outbreak in 2003-2004 with a first suspected case reported on 10 December 2003. The case was reported at a parent stock farm for broilers, which was locatcd in Chungbuk province, and the farm was immediately placed under movement restrictions. Laboratory tests confirmed the outbreak of HPAI on 12 December 2003. Up to 20 March 2004, a total of 19 farms were confirmed as having been infected with HPAI virus. No further outbreaks occurred after that date. Fortunately there were no human cases founded in this epidemic in Korea. In January 2004, there was confirmation that influcnza A(H5N1) virus had bcen isolated from patients who had died of a respiratory illness in Vietnam. Total 107 human confirmed cases were reported until June 2005 to WHO, threatening new pandemic outbreak. We reviewed our prevention and control strategies of avian influenza and preparedness to the pandemic outbreak.

이성간 성접촉을 통한 HIV 전파율과 위험인자에 관한 연구: 남성으로부터 여성으로의 전파

고운영,기미경,최병선,강춘,도경미,이주현,이주실,Go, Un-Yeong,Kee, Mee-Kyung,Choi, Byeong-Sun,Kang, Chun,Do, Kyoung-Mee,Lee, Ju-Hyun,Lee, Joo-Shil 대한예방의학회 1999 예방의학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Objectives: Despite the importance of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission through heterosexual contact, the features of heterosexual transmission has not been well studied in Korea. So we conducted a cross sectional study to determine the transmission rates in married couples and assess risk factors for male to female heterosexual transmission of HIV. Methods: 169 HIV-infected males and their female sex partners were recruited from 1985 to tune 1998. We examined female sex partner's HIV infection status and interviewed male index partners and their female sex partners about demographic characteristics and sexual practices. We analysed heterosexual transmission rate by epidemiologic characteristics, disease status and sexual practices. And we assessed risk factors for HIV infection by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: 30 female sex partners were infected at enrollment, yielding an transmission rate of 17.8%. Among couples who had used condoms consistently, none of the female sex partners was infected with HIV. In univariate analysis the significant risk factors were full blown AIDS status (OR=4.1, 95% CI: 1.49-11.43) and low CD4 T cell count of index partners at enrollment (OR=7.8, 95% CI: 2.19-27.80). In multivariate analysis HIV-1 RNA levels was significant risk factor when adjusted by CD4 T cell courts and mean sexual contacts per month (OR=19.2, 95% CI: 1.03-357.59) Conclusion: The risk of male to female heterosexual transmission increased with advanced stages of HIV infection in the index male partners.

음부포진 환자에서 단순포진 바이러스 II 형 ( HSV - 1 ) 의 분리 및 동정

신영오(Yung Oh Shin),강춘(Chun Kang),이홍래(Hong Rae Lee),남상윤(Sang Yun Nam),김정원(Chung Won Kim),홍남수(Nam Soo Hong) 대한피부과학회 1989 대한피부과학회지 Vol.27 No.1

In the present study, we have tried to isolate and identify herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV 2) from clinical specirnens, which were inoculated into Vero cell line and grown. Eight strains of viruses were isolated from 20 suspected cases diagnosed from the pr ivate clinics in Seoul. Viruses isolated from 4 rnale and 1 female cases with active lesion were identified to the HSV 2 by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibody to HSV-2. In addition, morphology of the isolated viruses were observed under electron microscope.

7형 아데노바이러스 폐렴 후 발생한 폐쇄 세기관지염 1례

박효간,이소연,김영호,오필수,김재윤,정윤석,강춘,김광남,Park, Hyo-Khan,Lee, So-Yeon,Kim, Young-Ho,Oh, Phil-Soo,Kim, Jae-Yoon,Jung, Yoon-Seok,Kang, Chun,Kim, Kwang-Nam 대한소아감염학회 2007 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.14 No.1

폐쇄 세기관지염은 아데노바이러스, 인플루엔자, 파라인플루엔자, 홍역바이러스, 폐렴미코플라스마, 호흡기 세포융합바이러스 등에 의해서 생길 수 있다. 특히 3, 7, 21형 아데노바이러스의 경우에는 급성기의 심한 폐증상을 일으킬 뿐만 아니라 만성적인 합병을 남길 수 있다. 이에 7형 아데노바이러스에 의한 심한 폐렴 후, 만성적인 기침 및 호흡기 증상을 가진 환아를 HRCT를 통해 폐쇄 세기관지염으로 진단하였고, 이후 흡입 스테로이드와 흡입 기관지확장제를 통해 증상을 조절한 1례를 경험한 바 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Bronchiolitis obliterans is a clinical syndrome of chronic obstruction associated with inflammatory changes in the small airways. There are marked variations in the epidemiology of this disease. In childhood, bronchiolitis obliterans has been described as a result of a number of infections such as adenovirus, measles, Bordetella pertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and influenza A infection. Most common agents are adenovirus types 3, 7, and 21. Diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans can be made based on clinical findings, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and lung biopsy. In addition to diagnosis, treatment is not yet clearly established. The authors experienced a case of bronchiolitis obliterans developed in 3 year-old girl who suffered from type 7 adenoviral pneumonia. She had been hospitalized and treated for 15 days due to pneumonia. After discharge, productive cough was not improved and auscultation revealed wheezing. HRCT demonstrated multifocal mosaic patterns suggesting bronchiolitis obliterans. She was managed with inhaled steroid and bronchodilator, and her symptoms were improved. However, follow up HRCT showed no interval change.