칼럼의 자계렌즈 특성 분석을 위한 XYZ좌표이송 장치 설계, 제작 및 렌즈 특성 분석

인재준(Jaejun In),김준철(Junchul Kim),강진성(Jinsung Kang),이응기(Eungki Lee) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5

Development of electron beam lithography needs to analyze of the electric field characteristics of the column lens. For analyzing the electric lens characteristics, it needs to measure the magnetic field distribution. It is needed to measure many points with high precision. Those reasons make us develop 3D magnetic field measuring system. Gauss-meter is installed on the end of y-axis of the developed system then it moves along X, Y, and Z axis and the Gauss-meter measures magnetic force at each position. The developed system is designed to have a counter weight balance against z-axis, such that it needs to reduce the actuation torque when Z axis moves to up and down. The magnetic field distribution data which measured by a Gauss-meter includes 3 directional vectors at each point. With the magnetic field measuring system, 3D magnetic field distribution profile is constituted. Then, the measured magnetic gradient was compared with the computer simulated one. It explains about a matter of the difference between the experimental data and the computer-simulated data.

가토의 두개안면골봉합선의 견고한 고정이 골성장에 미치는 영향

하성윤,한기환,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.7

Plate and screw fixation has had a profound effect on the recent development of craniofacial surgery. Rigid fixation of the facial skeleton by using plate and screw has become routine in adults, many craniofacial surgeons have expanded its use to the pediatric patient. The effects of microplate and screw fixation on subsequent craniofacial growth, however, have not been qualified in infancy and childhood. Sixty white male rabbits, 4 weeks old and weighing 400 gm, were divided into 5 groups. Each group contains 12 rabbits. Group 1 was control and group 2 was sham. They operated periosteal elevation to the right of the midline over the nasal and frontal bone. Group 3: 2-hole microplate and screws were placed in the right nasofrontal suture. Group 4: 2-hole microplate and screws were placed in the right nasomaxillary suture. Group 5: microplates and screws were placed in the right nasofrontal and nasomaxillary suture. All rabbits were killed at 18 weeks postoperatively. We analyzed the changes in morphology to the result of differences in growth between the operated and unoperated group by direct osteometry on dry skull preparations, and the structures of the constrained suture were analysed under light microscopy. Periosteal elevation alone (sham group) showed no discenible change in the shape of craniofacial bone except localized periosteal thickening. Nasofrontal suture plating showed periosteal thickening and bony resorption around the plate, nasal flattening of plated side, an increase in the width of the nasal bone on the plated side, a slight nasal deviation (mean 2.0 degrees) to the plated side, and frontal displacement of microplate and screws. Nasomaxillary suture plating showed periosteal thickening and bony resorption around the plate, nasal flattening of plated side, a decrease in the width of the nasal bone on the plated side, and nasal displacement of microplate and screws. Nasofrontal and nasomaxillary suture plating showed periosteal thickening and bony resorption around the plate, nasal depression of plated side, a decrease in the width of the nasal bone on the plated side, a significant nasal deviation (mean 5.2 degrees) to the plated side, and frontal and nasal displacement of microplates and screws. The findings of this study show that the use of microplate and screw fixation of the growing craniofacial skeleton in the rabbit model leads to little evidence of localized growth retardation. But their use in the pediatric population should be viewed cautiously, because secondary growth disturbances can be produced with the use of these fixation devices. Careful observation of early and late growth is mandatory when microplates are used in the pediatric patient. It is recommended that the plates and screws are removed as soon as possible their bony union.

무지재건의 경험

조준현,송중원,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.5

The rate of thumb injury increases with the development of mechanical industry. Aesthetically, hand is a critical part of body image and activity of hand is greatly dependent upon the thumb, which accounts for 40-50 percent of hand function, so every effort should be made to restore aesthetic as well as functional deficits of the thumb in traumatic thumb loss; careful consideration of functional requirements of the thumb including adequate length, mobility, stability, sensation, and aesthetics is important when planning a reconstructive procedure. The development of microvascular techniques makes traditional techniques nearly obsolete, many patients, however, opt not to choose microvascular techniques which sacrifice a toe or other uninjured tissues in order to regain a new thumb and will be best served by more conservative measures. The choice of the optimal reconstruction among many reconstructive methods should be governed by the level and type of injury as well as the needs and general condition of the patient and surgeon's technical training. The authors experienced 21 cases of parital thumb loss in which replantation was, impossible from April 1989 to February 1991. The majority of patients wee active aged male. The type and cause of injury was mainly crushing by press machine. The level of thumb loss was distal one third in 12 cases, middle one third in 9 cases and none in proximal one third. Reconstructive methods were 4 palmar advancement flaps, 3 radial sensory innervated cross finger flaps, 4 neurovascular island flaps, 4 osteoplastic thumb reconstruction, 2 Gillies' "cocked hat" flaps, 2 phalangizations, and 2 wrap around procedures.

가토 태자의 구순열 교정

한기환,김영환,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1994 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.21 No.1

Recent data in A/J mouse and rhesus monkey indicate that a cleft lip repaired in utero heals without inflammation and scar formation typical of postnatal cleft lip repair. Authors developed a model for in utero cleft lip repair in rabbits, and examined the cleft lip nose forms and the histologic features of cleft lip healing. A cleft lip was created by a 1 mm paramedian section of the left side of the upper lip and maxillary alveolus under 6× microscopic magnification in the New Zealand albino rabbits on day 24 of gestation. The defect was simultaneously repaired with two 10-0 nylon sutures at the vermilion border and nostril sill. The same defect was created at a second febus, and the febus returned to the uterus without repair. Control fetuses were exposed and returned to the uterus without operation. Forty-five fetuses in 12 pregnant does were operated on. Twenty-eight fetuses survived the procedure and were alive at the time of harvest (1,3, and 7 days after procedure): 9/15 repaired clefts (60.0%), 10/19 unrepaired clefts (52.6% ). and 9/l1 controls (81.8% ). Clinical examination demonstrated that there was little or no evidence of the lip repair in repaired fetus. Both repaired and unrepaired fetuses had asymmetry of the nose with depression on the cleft side. However, the repaired group had a milder deformity and appeared to be improving with growth. Microscopic examination of the hematoxylin-eosin stained sections confirmed that in both repaired and unrepaired wounds, the fetal rabbit clefts heals mostly without inflammatory cell infilteration or scar formation. In the unreparied cleft, epithelization had not occurred by seven days. The results of this study demonstrate that the fetal rabbit model for cleft lip repair is feasible with acceptable survival, and cleft lip repair in the fetal rabbit heals without inflammation and by regeneration of involved tissue rather than by fibrous replacement.

조직확장술을 이용한 연조직 재건

한기환,김영환,최동원,송중원,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1994 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.21 No.5

Over the 7 years, we have used tissue expansion technique to achieve soft tissue reconstruction in 61 patients with various kinds of congenital or acquire defects of the scalp, face, trunk, and extremities. Of these patients, 25 were male and 36 were female, ranged in age from 5 to 36 years(mean 21). Burn scar(44%) was the most common indication and the rest of them were traumatic scar, microtia, tumor, nevus, vascular malformation, paraffinoma, and cleft lip scar. Twenty five expansions were performed in the face, 12 in the scalp, 9 in the upper extremity, 7 in the ear, 5 in the neck, 4 in the lower extremity, and 1 in the trunk. Rectangular shaped prosthesis with remote internal reservoirs were most commonly used types, and the expander volume ranged from 1.5 to 1,100 mL. Every expander was prefilled to 21 percent of its volume in average and inflation was begun about 2 weeks after implantation. The process was repeated at weekly intervals until adequate tissue expansion was obtained. Expansion period ranged from 2 to 31 weeks(mean 13). Hyperexpansion(mean 130%) was a rule in this series, allowing a skin surplus for reconstruction. Clinical assessment was done with an excellent result of 37%, especially in the scalp. Twenty two percent of the patients had complications requiring specific treatment with consequent alteration of the treatment plan. The most common complication was prosthesis exposure.

우형(bovine) hydroxyapatite의 중첩삽입을 이용한 악안면 재건

이영주,한기환,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1994 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.21 No.1

Onlay bone grafts of autogenous bone have long been a cornerstone of maxillofacial reconstruction, allowing augmentation of deficient areas and recontouring of deformities. Yet it has the disadvantages of a significant operation time and added morbidity to the patient from the harvesting bone. Surgibone is a specially processed mature bovine bone whose chemical composition is that of an hydroxyapatite approximated by the formula : 3Ca₃(PO₄)₂Ca(OH)₂. Twenty-seven patients, seen past 3 years, underwent onlay augmentation at various maxillofacial locations. Forty-six Surgibone blocks, 20×10 ×10mm in size were used for onlay augmentation with screw fixation(n = 33) and Kirschner pin fixation(n = 10).0ther were grafted without fixaction. A clinical assessment was done with an excellent results of 66.7%. In one patient, hemifacial microsomia, there were infection of 2 blocks which were not fixed. Complication rate was 5.7%. In summary, the Surgibone is a bicompatible matrix implantable as an onlay bone grart substitute on maxillofacial surgey.

소아의 골에 부착시킨 실리콘 귀

강진성,손대구,한기환 大韓成形外科學會 1996 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.23 No.1

Osseointegrated titanium implants and skin-penterating abutments placed in the upper portion of the mastoid mastoid process have been used in 2 pediatric patients who have hemifacial microsomia and in 1 for congenital microtia for the retention of silicone rubber auricular prostheses. The surgery was performed in one stage. During the procedure, implants made out of two commercially pure titanium are gently placed in the bone. The skin-penetrating abutments are placed in the implant, with subcutaneous tissue reduction aimed at reducing mobility between the implant and the skin. Two months after the operation, the healing has normally reached the point at which the prostheses can be made and attached to the implants. The follow-up time is still short and the number of implants too few for a firm conclusion that the one stage procedure is safe and reliable for pediatric patients. However, there has been no contact with the dura mater or the wall of the sigmoid sinus within the cortical shell of the mastoid process during the procedure. Neither adverse skin reaction around the penetration nor instability of the implant have been. The success of implants in children provides the possibility of early implant use, thereby reserving autogenous reconstruction. The surgical procedure as well as the fabrication of the prostheses is presented in detail.

안면부 선천성 침윤성 지방종증 (congenital infiltrating lipomatosis)의 치험례

강진성,손대구,한기환 大韓成形外科學會 1996 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.23 No.1

Some confusion in the literature regarding the embryology, pathogenesis, and classification of fatty tumors may have delayed recognition of the important group of infiltrating lipomatoses. Lipomatoses are defined as infiltrating and/or diffuse neoplastic or non-neoplastic proliferations of mature fat tissue that resemble and may be confused with well-differentiated liposarcoma. There had been 3 clinical entities under the broad heading of lipomatosis, namely; cervical lipomatosis, pelvic lipomatosis and diffuse lipomatosis. Lipomatosis involving only the soft tissue of the face was not mentioned. Recently, three cases of proliferating and infiltrating lesions of adipose tissue, considered to be congenital in nature, involving only the face have reported and termed as a congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face. We experienced a 3 month-old male with the congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face spite evidence of tumor persistence at 6 year follow-up. The lesion had the following characteristics 1) proliferation of mature adipose tissue without encapsulation ; 2) infiltration of adjacent muscle ; 3) presence of fibrous tissue ; 4) absence of lipoblasts ; 5) absence of signs of malignancy ; 6) hypertrophy of subjacent bone with macrodontia ; 7) congenital in origin ; and 8) tendency to recur after surgical excision.

한국인 두개안면부 표준 비지수 : 166개 항목의 성별 및 연령별 정상치 및 표준편차

강진성,한기환,홍영준 大韓成形外科學會 1995 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.22 No.6

While restoration of the normal is the main goal in reparative surgery, the ultimate aim of aesthetic plastic surgery is to create an above-average or attractive face, which demands attention to proportionality. The visual impression of the face is a composite effect of the projective and surface distances, inclinations and angles obtained from the three-dimensional face. To study facial morphology objectively, however, the proportion qualities of normal and anomalous faces must be examined quantitatively. The need for accurate general population baseline data on the human face and cranium has become even more evident. We undertook a study to record one hundred and ranged from 6 to 18 years and then measured datas were analysed using computer program to obtain the normal indicies. The craniofacial proportion indicies were revealed relationship of the height, length, width and projection degrees between the various facial structures. The normal proportion indicies could be used clinically, first in identifying the it's normality as well as morphologic characteristics of the craniofacial structures, second in analyzing the degree of projectiveness and depressiveness objectively. They also could be used in differential diagnosis between the morphologically simillar congenital craniofacial anomalies, in setting the criteria of the postoperative results, and assessing the effect of the operation. Finally they supply the plastic surgeon and other specialists in the craniofacial surgery with basic normal population data.

Ravich 술식을 이용한 누두흉의 교정

강진성,최동원 大韓成形外科學會 1995 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.22 No.6

Pectus excavatum is a disturbing chest deformity for many children and their parents. There is little objective evidence that a patient with pectus excavatum suffers any physiologic embarrassment to his cardiopulmonary function. However, the cosmetic impact of this deformity on a patient's developing personality may be of lasting importance. Although several principles of surgical treatment of pectus excavatum have evolved over the past years, the stabilization of the sternum in its normal anatomic position is utmost procedure. We have experienced 2 cases of pectus excavatum corrected by Ravitch method. After exposing the deformed sternum and cartilages, the deformed cartilages were resected for the full extent of their deformity. Then the sternum was fixed in its new position. A distance from the posterior surface of sternum to the anterior surface of vertebral body was estimated preoperatively and postoperatively. No serious complications were followed the use of this technique. The results were gratifying and cosmetically acceptable.