영흥도 남단의 서식지유형별 조류 분포 현황

강종현(Jong-Hyun Kang),조항수(Hang-Soo Cho),김창회(Chang-Hoe Kim),배양섭(Yang-Seop Bae) 한국조류학회II 2011 한국조류학회지 Vol.18 No.1

본 연구를 위하여 인천광역시 옹진군 영흥면 영흥도에서 2006년부터 2009년까지 봄, 여름, 가을의 3계절 조사를 정기적으로 수행하였고 조사지역은 도로에 따라 4개 지역으로 구분하였다. 각 지역의 서식지유형은 농경지, 산림, 하천, 호소, 해안 중 3~4개의 유형으로 분류되었다. 조사지역에서 관찰된 종은 총 92종이었다. 서식지유형에 대하여 조사지역별, 연도별, 계절별 종수, 개체수, 종 다양도, 종풍부도를 분석한 결과, 농경지는 4개의 조사지역에서 조류의 종 구성이 일정한 양상을 띠고 있지 않았다. 이것은 농경지에 서식하고 있는 종이 주변 다른 서식지의 영향을 받고 있기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다. 농경지와 산림은 계절별로 서식하는 종 구성이 서로 달랐으나 하천과 해안은 서로 유사한 양상을 나타내고 있는 것으로 분석되었고 호소는 매년 가을에 월동을 위해 오리류가 주를 이루며 서식하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 모든 지역에서 2006년부터 2009년까지 4년간 연도별로 종 및 개체수, 종다양도, 종풍부도 모두 거의 비슷한 양상을 나타내고 있었으나 서식지 면적과는 유의하지 않은 상관관계로 분석되어, 면적에 따른 먹이원의 분포 변화로 인한 종 및 개체수의 변동 등과 같은 추가 요인에 대한 조사가 면밀하게 수행되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다. This study was conducted with a regularly seasonal survey of spring, summer and autumn from 2006 to 2009 in Youngheung Island. The survey area was classified into 4 areas by road, each regional habitats types (agricultural land, forest, stream, lake, coast) were divided into the 3-4. We observed a total 92 species of birds in 4 areas. To investigate each regional habitats types, we analyzed number of species and individuals, species diversity and richness according to annual and seasonal types. The result showed that agricultural land was distributed in all of 4 areas, and the characteristics in birds distribution of 4 areas were not taken on a certain aspect. It was considered to be affected by another of habitats close to agricultural land. Agricultural land and forest seasonally varied composition of birds, which act as a significant proportion of the inhabitation at summer, winter and passage birds than this of resident birds. Seasonal species composition of stream and coastal habitats was analyzed similar patterns. The large number of wintering Anatidae was observed at lake in yearly fall. Number of species and individuals, species diversity and richness in all regions during four years from 2006 to 2009 shows a similar pattern, but the habitats area found that it was not correlated. However preys and other distributions are changed by habitats area. So changes of species and population by variety habitats area must be additionally investigated.

연구논문 : 영종도 북부지역의 조류 종다양도를 이용한 격자별 공간 분석

강종현 ( Jong Hyun Kang ),조항수 ( Hang Soo Cho ),이윤경 ( Yun Kyoung Lee ),김동원 ( Dong Won Kim ),김창회 ( Chang Hoe Kim ),김명진 ( Myung Jin Kim ),배양섭 ( Yang Seop Bae ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2012 환경영향평가 Vol.21 No.5

The grid cell analysis is used to select good sites as habitats at the region. The northern area of Yeongjong Island, Incheon has been disturbing by habitat loss due to human activities such as residential development, deforestation. In order to determine significant places as bird habitats and to select conservation areas at this island, the study area was divided into 70 grid cells(500 ×500m each grid) and then each grid was ranked by spatial analysis using the species diversity index. Fieldwork was carried out in Spring and Autumn of 2010. To examine grid cells which were ranked high in both seasons in common, we used the average ranking value, combined data from two seasons. This area consists of mainly agricultural areas and forests(more than 68%) among eight habitat types: the agricultural land, forest, coast, lake, meadow, stream, city and other things. A total of 110 species was recorded: 4,183 birds of 102 species in Spring and 3,326 birds of 58 species in Autumn. In other words, the number of individuals and species was higher in Spring than in Autumn. Species diversity index presented the highest value at M8 grid cell in Spring(3.380) and at A4 gird cell in Autumn(2.736). In 18 of 22 grid cells where the average ranking value was higher than 3, the forest was distributed and in 4 grid cells, the coast and wetland were widely distributed, in which theses were located apart from humanassociated disturbances such as construction works for a leisure complex. Our results present a new estimate method not only to minimize loss of bird habitats but also to conserve important habitats when the large-scale development takes place at particular region.

한국 박새科의 외부형태 및 song 특성 비교

강종현(Jong-Hyun Kang),조삼래(Sam-Rae Cho) 한국조류학회II 2006 한국조류학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 2000-2001년 충남 공주대학교 교내, 공산성, 계룡산, 칠갑산 일대에 서식하는 박새科 조류의 외부형태 및 song 특성을 비교·분석하였다. 박새는 다른 종에 비해 전장길이(133.71±4.68㎜), 꼬리길이(62.16±3.47㎜)가 길었고, 곤줄박이는 다른 종에 비해 부리길이(11.56±0.44㎜), 날개길이(76.11±2.73㎜), 부척길이(18.62±0.74㎜), 체중(16.65±1.21g)의 4가지 형태가 크거나 길었다. 외부형태는 부리를 제외한 형태가 양적상관관계를 가지고 있었다. Song의 구조적 특정인 song type은 박새(5 song types), 곤줄박이(4 song types) 순으로 복잡하게 나타났다. 시간적 특징에서는 박새가 음절시간(0.25±0.12sec), 구의 시간(0.49±0.24sec), 음절간의 시간간격(0.06±0.04sec), 구간의 시간간격(0.12±0.03sec)이 다른 종보다 길었다. 주파수 특징에서 최고주파수는 쇠박새 (6.83±1.24㎑), 진박새(6.05±1.07㎑), 곤줄박이(5.89±0.93㎑), 박새(5.77±1.55㎑)순으로 높았으며, 최저주파수는 곤줄박이(3.13±1.20㎑), 쇠박새(3.13±0.57㎑), 진박새(3.30±0.37㎑), 박새 (4.00±1.25㎑)순으로 낮았다. 외부형태와 song의 특성을 비교한 결과, 전장이 크면 클수록 낮은 주파수의 song을 구사하였다. The study was performed to compare the external morphology and the song characters of Paridae in Korea. Total 93 specimens were collected and analyzed its song from 2000 to 2001 at Kongju National Univ., Gongsanseong(a castle on a hill of Gongju), Mt. gyeryong and Mt. chilkap, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea. Total length(TTL; 133.71±4.68㎜) and tail length(TIL; 62.16±3.47㎜) of Parus major was larger than those of other species of Paridae. Bill length(BIL; 11.56±0.44㎜), wing length(WIL; 76.11±2.73㎜), tarsus length(TRL; 18.62±0.74㎜), weight(WEI; 16.65±1.21g) of Parus varius was larger than those of other species of Paridae. The external morphology showed positive correlation with the rest external characters except for bill length. In the characteristic of song pattern, Parus major showed 5 song types. Parus varius was 4 song types, other species were 3 song types. In the feature of duration, note duration(0.25±0.12sec), phrase duration(0.49±0.24sec), inter-note duration(0.06±0.04sec), inter-phrase duration(0.12±0.03sec) of Parus major was larger than those of other species of Paridae. In characteristic of frequency, highest frequency(HF) showed Parus palustris(6.83±1.24㎑), Parus ater(6.05±1.07㎑), Parus varius(5.89±0.93㎑), Parus major(5.77±1.55㎑). Lowest frequency(LF) showed Parus varius (3.13±1.20㎑), Parus palustris(3.13±0.57㎑), Parus ater(3.30±0.37㎑), Parus major(4.00±1.25㎑). The result of Comparison of the external morphology and song characters among species of Paridae showed that the larger total length used lower frequency.

도농교류활성화를 위한 1사1촌의 지속방안에 관한 연구

강종현(Jong-Hyun Kang),정석호(Sock-Ho Jeong) 한국농어촌관광학회 2013 농어촌관광연구 Vol.20 No.2

This study derive implications for sustainable ways to target Gongju city’s 1Company-1Village Campaign in the regional characteristics and interchange of urban and rural areas of Gongju City. First, the Urban-Rural exchange should be made for the duration of 1Company-1Village Campaign in the region. Also, the residents of the village need voluntary activities for spreading public value through activities of villages’ resource utilization. Second, a variety of features of local stories and experience can make economic profits and can provide intangible value for urban residents to meet the program such as experiential programs on its satisfaction festival, Third, rural and urban residents will be evolving into a new symbiotic relationship through the exchange of urban and rural villages with Gongju city’s 1Company-1Village Campaign to change the consciousness of the rural and urban people.

총수담관십이지장문합술의 임상적 고찰

강종현(Jong Hyun Kang),노동명(Dong Myung Rho),황정열(Jung Youl Hwang) 대한외과학회 1990 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.38 No.3

연구논문 : 무주 남대천에 서식하는 조류의 공간적 분포특성 분석을 위한 공간자기상관 적용 연구

강종현 ( Jong Hyun Kang ),김용기 ( Yong Ki Kim ),연명훈 ( Myung Hun Yeon ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2013 환경영향평가 Vol.22 No.5

This study was conducted to find out characterization of spatial distribution of birds observed in river areas. Our bird survey was carried out 4 times at 31 sites from January to September in 2011. A total of 1,609 accumulated individuals belonging to 59 species, 28 families and 11 orders were observed. In the result of spatial autocorrelation analysis using the richness index of the maximum counts of each sites, we confirmed that the distribution of birds in Namdaecheon river was clustered and the tendency of spatial autocorrelation was apparent. The area of each sites within a 200m radius was classified in four biotope categories such as agricultural land, forest, residential area and water area, and the spatial autocorrelation was analysed about four types. In the result of spatial autocorrelation analysis for four biotope categories, all types were showed the positive spatial autocorrelation, but the type of water area was higher than other types. The positive correlation was found between the water area and water birds in statistical significance. However, the forest birds had non-significance values. Therefore, it is appropriate to focus on water birds except for forest birds, when researches of bird distribution in river ecosystem is conducted. The number of bird species and individuals increased as the riverside of water area was to widen. Thus, if the areas of riverside offering the feeding and roosting area increase, it will be accommodated many birds. Also, the areas of riverside should be maintained naturally because it is an important habitats of birds. Our study area is on the outskirts the city of higher rates of forest and agricultural land, it may be unreasonable to apply our results to the whole rivers. If the research about the river flowing around the city will be conducted, it is expected to be useful to the relation study area such as ecological river`s restoration.

제천시 솔방죽 습지생태공원 조성 전과 후의 동물상 비교

김도성,강종현,이세재,임학상,김나래,Kim, Do-Sung,Kang, Jong-Hyun,Lee, Se-Je,Lim, Hak-Sang,Kim, Na-Rae 한국조경학회 2014 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.42 No.3

In this study, the faunae before and after creating the Solbangjuk Wetland Ecological Park located in Jecheon-city were compared. As a result, the change of the fauna according to the creation of the park showed the phenomenon that the species having the strong wilderness are reduced and the rate of general species become higher. In addition, the species which receive the restrictions for moving such as mammals, amphibians and reptiles are being gradually decreased by the increased visitors owing to the creation of the park. Moreover because there was the case where group of fishes have died caused by discharging and working the water in the reservoir during the creation process of the park, the supplementation work for this is required. However, it showed that the insects sucking the honey from flowers in the composed flower garden after creating the park, and the aquatic insects which live in this park that the stable water system for the growth of wetland plants is maintained, are increased, respectively. As a result of this survey, because the reservoir for agriculture adjacent to the residential area is generally small, the securing of the habitat space for the wild animals living in this park when creating the ecological parks seems to be necessary. The countermeasure should be considered so that some areas of the reservoir can be maintained in their natural state by adjusting the visitors' trails and the position of facilities for in order to secure the habitat of the wild animals. 본 연구는 제천시에 위치한 솔방죽 습지생태공원의 조성 전과 후의 동물상을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 생태공원 조성에 따른 동물상의 변화는 야생성이 강한 종들이 감소하고, 일반종의 비율이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 포유류, 양서 파충류와 같이 이동에 제약이 있는 종들은 생태공원 조성으로 늘어난 탐방객들에 의해서 점차 감소하고 있다. 그리고 어류는 공원 조성과정에서 저수지 물을 방류하고 작업하여 집단 폐사하는 사례가 있어 이에 대한 보완 작업이 필요하다. 곤충은 공원 조성 후에 조성된 화단의 꽃에서 꿀을 먹는 곤충과 습지 식물의 생육을 위하여 안정된 수계를 유지하고 있어, 이곳에서 서식하는 수서 곤충은 늘어난 것으로 나타났다. 이번 조사 결과, 주거지역과 인접한 농업용 저수지는 크기가 작은 경우가 많아 생태공원 조성시 이곳에서 생활하는 야생동물들에 대한 서식 공간 확보가 필요한 것으로 보인다. 또한 야생동물 서식처를 위하여 방문객들의 탐방로와 시설물 위치를 조정하여 저수지 일부 지역이 자연 상태로 유지할 수 있도록 하는 것이 고려되어야 한다.

오대산국립공원 6개 지역(광미장, 소금강, 질뫼늪, 상원사, 동피골, 월정사)의 조류상

김창회(Chang-Hoe Kim),강종현(Jong-Hyun Kang) 한국조류학회II 2008 한국조류학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 조사는 2005년부터 2008년까지 강원도 평창군에 위치한 오대산국립공원 내의 6개 격자(광미장, 소금강, 질뫼늪, 상원사, 동피골, 월정사)를 대상으로 실시되었다. 4년간 이 지역에서 관찰된 조류의 종수는 총 94종이었다. 지역별로 볼 때 광미장 지역이 44종, 소금강 지역이 38종, 질뫼늪 지역이 62종, 상원사 지역이 40종, 동피골 지역이 36종이었다. 6개의 조사지역에서 조류 종수의 변동은 자연적·인위적인 요인에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted during 2005 - 2008 in six areas (Gwangmijang, Sogeumgang, Jilmeneup, Sangwonsa, Dongpigol and Woljeongsa) at Mt. Odae National Park, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do. The number of avian species of six areas is 94. The number of species in Gwangmijang, Sogeumgang, Jilmeneup, Sangwonsa, Dongpigol and Woljeongsa is 44, 38, 62, 40, 36 and 47, respectively. In six study areas, the fluctuation in the number of avian species probably is influenced by the natural and artificial factors.

오대산에서 나무발발이(Certhia familiaris) 유조의 관찰 기록

김창회(Chang-Hoe Kim),강종현(Jong-Hyun Kang),원혁재(Hyeok-Jae Won) 한국조류학회II 2010 한국조류학회지 Vol.17 No.4

2009년 6월 14일에 나무발발이(Certhia familiaris) 유조 3마리가 강원도 평창군 오대산국립공원 전나무숲 자연관찰로에서 관찰되었다. 이들은 둥지를 떠난 지 오래되지 않았기 때문에 잘 날지 못했고, 어미보다 작고 통통했으며 날개깃의 갈색 줄무늬도 크고 밝았다. On 14 June 2009, three fledgling of the Common Treecreeper (Certhia familiaris) were observed at Woljeongsa Nature Trail, Mt. Odae, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do. Fledgling were poor at flying because they left their nest not long. Fledgling were shorter and chubbier than their parent. And, the brown stripes of wing feather were larger and brighter than their parent.

제2차 전국자연환경조사 결과 분석을 통한 멸종위기조류의 국내 분포현황

김창회(Chang-Hoe Kim),강종현(Jong-Hyun Kang),이윤경(Yunkyoung Lee),김동원(Dong-Won Kim),서재화(Jae-Hwa Suh),김명진(Myungjin Kim) 한국조류학회II 2010 한국조류학회지 Vol.17 No.1

이 조사는 제2차 전국자연환경조사의 일환으로 1997년부터 2005년까지 3월에서 10월 사이에 남한 전역을 연차별로 나누어 1회 수행되었다. 이 조사에서 멸종위기조류Ⅰ급은 10종(전체 멸종위기조류Ⅰ급 중 76.9%), 멸종위기조류Ⅱ급은 38종(전체 멸종위기조류Ⅱ급 중 79.2%)이 관찰되었다. 멸종위기조류Ⅰ급은 검독수리 Aquila chrysaetos, 넓적부리도요 Eurynorhynchus pygmeus, 노랑부리백로 Egretta eulophotes, 노랑부리저어새 Platalea leucorodia, 두루미 Grus japonensis, 매 Falco peregrinus, 저어새 Platalea minor, 청다리도요사촌 Tringa guttifer, 혹고니 Cygnus olor, 흰꼬리수리 Haliaeetus albicilla이었으며, 멸종위기조류Ⅱ급은 가창오리 Anas formosa, 개구리매 Circus spilonotus, 개리 Anas cygnoides, 검은머리갈매기 Larus saundersi, 검은머리물떼새 Haematopus ostralegus, 검은목두루미 Grus grus, 고니 Cygnus columbianus, 긴점박이올빼미 Strix uralensis, 까막딱다구리 Dryocopus martius, 독수리 Aegypius monachus, 뜸부기 Gallicrex cinerea, 말똥가리 Buteo buteo, 물수리 Pandion haliaetus, 벌매 Pernis ptilorhyncus, 붉은해오라기 Gorsachius goisagi, 비둘기조롱이 Falco amurensis, 뿔종다리 Galerida cristata, 삼광조 Terpsiphone atrocaudata, 새홀리기 Falco subbuteo, 솔개 Milvus migrans, 쇠황조롱이 Falco columbarius, 수리부엉이 Bubo bubo, 알락개구리매 Circus melanoleucos, 알락꼬리마도요 Numenius madagascariensis, 올빼미 Strix aluco, 재두루미 Grus vipio, 잿빛개구리매 Circus cyaneus, 조롱이 Accipiter gularis, 참매 Accipiter gentiles, 큰고니 Cygnus cygnus, 큰기러기 Anas fabalis, 큰덤불해오라기 Ixobrychus eurhythmus, 큰말똥가리 Buteo hemilasius, 털발말똥가리 Buteo Lagopus, 팔색조 Pitta nympha, 흑기러기 Branta bernicla, 흑두루미 Grus monacha, 흰목물떼새 Charadrius placidus이었다. This survey has conducted throughout South Korea from March to October for 9 years (1997-2005). The Endangered Birds Species Level Ⅰ designated by Ministry of Environment in Korea was 10 species (76.9% of the Endangered Bird Species Level Ⅰ) and the Level Ⅱ was 38 species (79.2% of the Endangered Bird Species Level Ⅱ). The Endangered Birds Species Level Ⅰ was Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos, Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus, Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes, Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia, Red-crowned Crane Grus japonensis, Peregrine Falcone Falco peregrinus, Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor, Spotted Greenshank Tringa guttifer, Mute Swan Cygnus olor, White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla, and the Endangered Birds Species Level Ⅱ was Baikal Teal Anas formosa, Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus, Swan Goose Anas cygnoides, Saunder's Gull Larus saundersi, Eurasian Oystercater Haematopus ostralegus, Common Crane Grus grus, Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus, Ural Owl Strix uralensis, Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius, Black Vulture Aegypius monachus, Watercock Gallicrex cinerea, Common Buzzard Buteo buteo, Osprey Pandion haliaetus, Oriental Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhyncus, Japanese Night Heron Gorsachius goisagi, Amur Falcon Falco amurensis, Crested Lark Galerida cristata, Japanese Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone atrocaudata, Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo, Black Kite Milvus migrans, Merlin Falco columbarius, Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo, Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos, Far Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis, Tawny Owl Strix aluco, White-naped Crane Grus vipio, Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus, Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis, Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentiles, Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus, Bean Goose Anas fabalis, Schrenck‘s Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus, Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius, Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo Lagopus, Fairy Pitta Pitta nympha, Brent Goose Branta bernicla, Hooded Crane Grus monacha, Long-billed Plover Charadrius placidus, respectively.