근대 학교교육에서 공예교육의 발생배경과 흐름

강정현 사단법인 한국조형디자인협회 2023 조형디자인연구 Vol.26 No.1

This study aims to consider the background of genesis and flow of craft education not to foster professionals but to cultivate common refinement. For identifying the reason that object making activity handling material and tools with hand was introduced and spread can confirm the necessity and value of craft education for students in present time. The method is based on reference research. European manual training in 19th century, assumed as the early form of craft education, as an alternative for conventional intellectualism education. Manual training for students was incorporated into public education as a subject by Cygnaeus and taught with the establishment of an educational system called Salamon’s sloyd system. These attempts were spreaded throughout Europe and gone over to the U.S. to affect to Dewey’s laboratory school. Manual training, or craft education for students was mainly practiced by art theorists in 20th century. Read, Eisner and others referred experiencing various materials and realizing forms using tools as essential activities. This means that ‘craft process’, combination of the hand, brain and mind, enriches creativity and expands world of experience to promote personal development and contribute to communication with society. The study shows that craft education in school education system has provided balance to rationalistic or typical textbook centered education since 19th century, playing significant roll to cultivate holistic humanity with balanced mind-body. Addition to this, it has affected to identify characteristics of craft education in Korean education system. It has ensured that the values of craft education drawn from the study, including ‘the value of cognitive development through hand-mind coordination’, ‘the value of manual skill and labor’, ‘the holistic value of reason and sensitivity’, ‘the value of in-depth thinking and expression’, ‘the value of good habit and manner’, is valid nowadays. 이 연구는 근대 학교교육에서 전문가 양성이 아니라 일반 소양을 기르는 공예교육의 발생배경과 흐름을 살펴보고 의미를 되새기는 것을 목표로 하였다. 손으로 재료와 도구를 다루어 사물을 만드는 행위가 근대 학교교육에 왜 도입되었으며, 확산되었는지를 밝히는 것은 현재 학생들을 위한 공예교육의 필요성과 가치를 확인시켜줄 수 있기 때문이다. 연구방법은 문헌조사를 바탕으로 하였다. 공예교육의 초기 형태로 볼 수 있는 19세기 유럽 수공교육은 기존의 주지주의 교육의 대안으로서 채택되었다. 학생을 위한 수공교육은 시그나에우스에 의해 공교육에 하나의 교과로 편입되었으며, 살로몬의 슬로이드시스템이라는 체계를 갖추어 교육되어졌다. 이러한 시도는 유럽 전체로 확산되었고, 미국으로 건너가 듀이의 실험학교에 영향을 미쳤다. 20세기 학생들을 위한 공예교육은 주로 교육이론가들에 의해서 이루어졌다. 리드, 아이스너 등은 다양한 재료를 체험하고 도구를 사용하여 형태를 구현하는 활동이 필수적인 미술활동이라고 주장하였다. 이는 손과 머리, 마음이 결합된 ‘공예적 과정’은 창의력을 높이고 경험세계를 확장하여, 개인의 발전을 도모하며 사회와의 소통에 기여한다는 의미이다. 연구 결과, 학교교육에서 공예교육은 19세기부터 지속적으로 이성 중심 교육이나 전형적인 교과 위주의 교육에 균형을 제공하여 심신이 조화로운 전인적 인간상을 육성하는 데 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 또한 우리나라 학교교육에서 공예교육의 성격을 규정하는 데 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로 연구에서 도출된 공예교육의 가치, 즉 ‘손과 정신의 협응력을 통한 인지발달의 가치’, ‘손기술과 노동의 가치’, ‘통합적 가치’, ‘심층적 사고와 표현의 가치’, ‘좋은 습관과 태도의 가치’는 현재에도 유효한 공예교육의 가치임을 확인할 수 있었다.

미적 가치판단의 소재

강정현 이화여자대학교 철학과 학생회 홍보부 1979 우리는 생각한다 Vol.- No.2

중독한 추체로 증상을 보인 cyclosporine에 의한 뇌증 1예

강정현,곽승근,신현영,김성은,이정호,이정찬,곽상혁,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용,김제,송창준 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

The use of cyclosporine(CsA), a potent immunosuppressive agent, is associated with numerous side effects. Neurotoxicity was earlier less well known, but with growing experience central nervous system side effects are now reported up to 40% of patients. Among various CsA-induced neurotoxicities, tremor is most common and posterior leukoencephalopathy is well characterized. An encephalopathy presenting with pyramidal weakness, however, seems to be rare and poorly documented. We report here a case of encephalopathy presenting with multiple generalized seizures followed by fluctuating quadriparesis developed a few days after starting CsA and resolved spontaneously after withdrawal of the drug . A 48-year-old woman with aplastic anemia was placed upon immmunosuppressive treatment consisting of antithymocyte globulin(ATG), CsA, and methylprednisolone. Two days after starting the therapy, she developed a generalized seizure. The next day she developed 2 more episodes of seizure and the therapy was stopped. Computed tomogram of the brain was normal. Six days after starting therapy, she developed mild motor weakness and paresthesia of both lower extremities, which progressed to a definite quariparesis confining her to a bed in 3 days. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain revealed asymmetric, bilateral high-signal abnormalites in the subcortical white matter of fronto-temporal areas. After reaching to a maximum with some fluactuation(14 days after starting the therapy) the motor weakness started to be resolved. She was discharged with a almost complete resolution of the weakness 45 days after starting the therapy. Five months later she did well and brain MRI was negative.

고려말 왜구 토벌사 연구

강정현 해군대학 2000 海洋戰略 Vol.- No.107

전공의, Fellow, PA 및 Hospitalist의 업무 규정과 업무의 구분

강정현 대한외과학회 2015 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2015 No.05

방사능 재난시 신속한 주민 소개(대피)를 위한 교통운영전략 제안 및 평가 : 한빛원전 중심 6개 도시를 대상으로

강정현,유형목,안우영,이상화 한국ITS학회 2025 한국ITS학회논문지 Vol.24 No.3

재즈댄스가 교정시설 청소년의 자아존중감에 미치는 효과

강정현 韓國舞踊敎育學會 2009 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

The present study aims to investigate if a jazz dance program may bring about new changes to self-esteem of the youth admitted in correctional institutions For this aim, a jazz dance program was applied to 28 subjects selected from C Juvenile Correctional Institution which was designated as recipient of the aid for social, cultural and art education in the special correctional area as a part of the joint political projects for cultural and art education 2008 by the Ministry of Culture & Tourism as well as the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development Fourteen each of the subjects were assigned to the control as well as to the experimental groups and were given 30 sessions of the program (once or twice a week) from April 10 to September 25 A pre-test of self-esteem was performed (experimental group and control group) Prior to the onset of the program, and a post test was executed by using the same questionnaires After the program, an analysis was conducted to find out any changes in private and public self-consciousness and self-esteem of the subjects in the form of social tension. To verify changes in self-esteem of the students accommodated in the correctional institutions, an analysis of questionnaires was carried out by means of SPSS 12.0, Korean version, before and after the class Correspondence and chi-square t-tests were performed to determine the pre- and post-test outcomes of the experimental and control groups, respectively From the study, following results became known First, before application of the jazz dance program to the inmates of the correctional house for juveniles, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of private and public self-consciousness as well as social tension, Second, after the jazz dance program was offered to the inmates of the correctional house for juveniles, factors of private and public self-consciousness were found to increase higher in the experimental group than in the control group while the sense of social tension turned out to become lower in the experimental group than in the control group, and Third, as for changes in the attitudes of the inmates before and after application of the jazz dance program, private and public self-consciousness of the inmates was shown to grow more after application of the program whereas, however, factors of their social tension became low after application of the program. From the findings above, it could be concluded that a jazz dance program might have positive impacts on the senses of self-esteem (Private and public self-consciousness and social tension) when it is applied to the inmates of correctional institutions for juveniles.

상허사상을 계승을 통한 건국대학교의 대학경쟁력 강화방안 : 대학생활협동조합 건설을 중심으로

강정현,복기태 건국대학교 1999 常虛思想 Vol.10 No.-

航空母艦의 發展過程과 趨勢

강정현 해군대학 1993 海洋戰略 Vol.- No.81

항공모함은 해상에 떠 있는 비행장으로서 대형군함이 가지는 기동력과 내해성등, 모든 이점을 구비하고 있는 동시에 항공기가 가지는 특유의 모든 이점을 동시에 가지고 있는 해군의 주전투함이다. 라이트 형제가 노스캐롤라이나 주 키리호크 해안에서 최초의 비행에 성공한 것이 1903년 12월 17일의 일이다. 불과 7년 후인 1910년 11월에 미 해군 Birmingham함에 복엽기가 이륙에 성공했으며, 1914~18년의 제1차 세계대전중 영국해군은 항공기에 의한 초계 및 정찰에 수상비행기를 사용하였다. 당시 항공모함이라고 불리우는 함이 나타나기는 하였지만 간신히 이륙만 가능한 정도의 조그만 비행갑판을 가지고 있었으며, 이륙한 항공기는 통상 해면에 착수한 다음 모함으로 인양하는 것이었다. 또한 당시에 수상기모함이 있었는데 이 모함은 수상기를 발진시키기 전에 기중기를 사용하여 해면에 내려놓고 비행을 마치고 해면에 착수한 수상기는 모함에서 다시 인양하여 적재하는 것이었다.

결장암에서 5-Fluorouracil-based 보조항암화학요법의 치료반응 예측인자로써 점액성 선암의 의의

강정현,민병소,박윤아,김남규,손승국,조장환,이강영 대한대장항문학회 2009 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of mucinous histology as a predictive marker of 5-Fluorouracil (FU)- based adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II, III colon cancer. Methods: Between January 1995 and December 2004, 987 patients who underwent curative resections for stage II, III sporadic colon cancer were classified into two groups, a mucinous carcinoma (MC) group and a non-mucinous carcinoma (NMC) group, based on the histology of the primary tumor. The differences in their clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic impact of 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy for various tumor histologies were analyzed. Results: Of the 987 patients, MCs accounted for 6.8% (68 patients). MCs were more frequently located in the Rt. Colon (P< 0.001) and were more frequently seen in young patients (less than 40 yr old) (P=0.028). The 5-yr survival rates between MC and NMC did not show any statistically significant difference. Patients, including both MC and NMC patients, who received 5-FU-based chemotherapy, revealed a better overall survival rate than patients with no adjuvant chemotherapy. In the multivariate analysis for the prognosis in NMC patients, 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy, initial negative nodal status, and preoperative CEA <5 ng/mL were statistically significant prognostic factors (P values: <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In contrast, there was no statistically independent significance of 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy in MC patients. Conclusion: In stage II and stage III sporadic colon cancer patients, response to 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy in MC patients might be poor than it is in NMC patients. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of mucinous histology as a predictive marker of 5-Fluorouracil (FU)- based adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II, III colon cancer. Methods: Between January 1995 and December 2004, 987 patients who underwent curative resections for stage II, III sporadic colon cancer were classified into two groups, a mucinous carcinoma (MC) group and a non-mucinous carcinoma (NMC) group, based on the histology of the primary tumor. The differences in their clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic impact of 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy for various tumor histologies were analyzed. Results: Of the 987 patients, MCs accounted for 6.8% (68 patients). MCs were more frequently located in the Rt. Colon (P< 0.001) and were more frequently seen in young patients (less than 40 yr old) (P=0.028). The 5-yr survival rates between MC and NMC did not show any statistically significant difference. Patients, including both MC and NMC patients, who received 5-FU-based chemotherapy, revealed a better overall survival rate than patients with no adjuvant chemotherapy. In the multivariate analysis for the prognosis in NMC patients, 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy, initial negative nodal status, and preoperative CEA <5 ng/mL were statistically significant prognostic factors (P values: <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In contrast, there was no statistically independent significance of 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy in MC patients. Conclusion: In stage II and stage III sporadic colon cancer patients, response to 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy in MC patients might be poor than it is in NMC patients.