인삼 종자형성에 대한 생리화학적 연구 3 : 미국인삼 및 죽절인삼(竹節人蔘)의 화기(花器) 및 종자형성 과정에 있어서의 유리(遊離)아미노산의 소장(消長)

황종규,양희천 한국육종학회 1973 한국육종학회지 Vol.5 No.1

스테비아의 配偶體刑成에 관한 硏究

黃鍾圭,南宮承泊 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1983 農大論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The Present studies were carried out to investigate the gametophyte formation of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), known as a crop of sweetening resource. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The anther is tetrasporangiate. 2. The middle layer is ephemeral. 3. Microspore dyad and tetrad were observed in different locule of the same anther. 4. The microspore tetrad is of tetrahedral type. 5. One vegetative nucleus and two sperms were observed in a matured pollen grain. 6. Nucellus is of tenuinucellate type. 7, Integument is unitegumic. 8. Ovule type is anatropous. 9. The arrangement of megaspore tetrad is of linear type. 10. Normally, the chalazal end megaspore functions as the embryo sac mother cell. 11. Embryo sac is a monosporic 8-nucleate polygonum type.

美國人蔘의 形態 및 發生學的硏究

黃鍾奎,宮澤洋一 全北大學校 1967 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The present study attempts to examine the morphological and embryological phenomena of American ginseng(Panax Quinquefolium L.).The results obtained may be summarized as follows. 1. The wall layer of anther is regulatively formed i.e., hypodermal archesporium is divided periclinally into two parts, forming the primary parietal cell outside and the sporogenous cell inside. The primary parietal cell is divided into two secondary parietal layer through the process of one division, the outside secondary parietal cell periclinally forms endothecium outside and middle layer inside. And the inside secondary parietal cell grow to tapetum without cytokimesis. That is of dicotyledonous type. 2. The type of microspore tetrad is tetraheral. 3. The division of sperm nucleus within the pollen grain was not observed. 4. Syncarpous gynoecium has central marginal placenta with two carpels and two loculi. 5. Two ovules grow in a carpel and one of them elongates toward upright and the other downward. 6. The angles formed between the ovarian axis and the nucellar axis are measured so as to determine the relationships between the measured angles and the growth of ovule and anther respectively. 7. Megaspore tetrad was mostly arranged to form linear type, but rarely, decussate and intermediate type was also observed. 8. Normally, the charazal end megaspore functions as the embryo sac mother cell, but very rarely micropylar end megaspore may also functions. 9. Ovule type is of anatropous. 10. Embryo sac is of polygonium type. 11. Ovule has a single integument. 12. The development of integument in rudimentary ovule is discontinued after the early stage. 13. Double fertilization is finished within 24-36 hours after pollination. 14. The first division of primary endosperm nucleus occurs immediatly after fertilization while in the zygote after 10 days. 15. The embryo of Panax Quinquefolium corresponds with that of chenopodium Bonus-henricus. 16. Endosperm nucleus is of free nuelear type. 17. Proembryonic differentiation is slightly later than the case of Korean ginseng. 18. Ovule type is the "crassinucellate".

엘더베리의 雄性配偶體形成에 關한 硏究

黃鍾奎 全北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

엘더베리(Sambucus canadensis)의 雄性配偶體 形成에 關하여 調査하였던 바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 內被組織에서는 垂側分裂만을 하는 것이 通例인데 本 植物에서는 一回의 竝側分裂을 하여 二層으로 된 內被層을 볼 수 있다. 2. 葯壁組織의 形成過程은 雙子葉型에 屬한다. 3. 初生胞子形成細胞는 數次의 有絲分裂로 胞子形成組織을 이룬다. 4. 同一 葯囊의 各 葯室에 따라서는 小胞子四分子와 二核細胞를 特異하게 볼 수 있다. 5. 開葯時의 成熟花粉은 營養核과 2개의 雄核을 갖는다. 6. 開葯直前에도 隣接되어 있는 小胞子囊 사이의 隔壁은 그대로 남아 있게 된다. The present investigation was carried out to elucidate the formation of microgametophyte of elderberry (Sambucus canadensis). The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. In general, the cell division of endothecial tissue has known to be forming one layered tissue, however, the periclinal division was exceptionally observed in the present work. 2. The parietal tissue was formed as a dicotyledonous type. 3. Sporogenous tissue was formed through several mitosis. 4. Microspore tetrad and binucleate cells were observed in different locule of an anther. 5. A vegetative nucleus and two sperms were observed in a matured pollen grain. 6. The two microsporangia of each side in anther are not confluent because of no breaking down of the partition between them.

拘杞子나무(Lycium chinense Miller)의 雌雄配偶體 形成에 關한 硏究

黃鍾奎,曺泳龜 全北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

The chinese wolfberry(Lycium chinense Miller) grows in eastern asia and is mainly used as a medicinal purpose for high blood-presure, diabetes liver complaint, and in some case as food. The present study investigates the formation of female and male gametophyte of the chinese wolfberry. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The flower is hypogyny with 1 pistil and 5 stamens, and it's inflorescence is cymose. 2. In anther, the parietal tissue is dicotyledonous, and the epidermis and endothelium last for a long-time. 3. The microspore tetrad is tetrahedral type. 4. One vegeattive nucleus and two sperms are observed in matured pollen grains. 5. The connective remains evidently until anthesis. 6. The nucellus is tenuinucellate. 7. The integument is unitegumic and the ovule type is anatropous. 8. The megaspore tetrad is arranged linearly. 9. The mesaspore located near the chalazal and functions as the embryo sac rnother cell. 10. The egg apparatus is completed in two to three days before flowering. 11. The embryo sac belongs to the monosporic 8-nucleate polygonum type.

農民所得增大를 위한 고구마의 栽培와 利用에 관한 硏究

黃鍾奎,梁熙天,崔定植,權涌周 全北大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

New varieties of sweet potato Sinmi and Hwangmi were cultivated in the reclaimed hilly area of four kinds of soil series in Jeonbug province and their growth conditions such as cutting time, row spacing, application of fertilizers and plant growth regulators and covering effect were investigated. Besides these studies on cultivation of sweet potatoes, experiments on the change of chemical components of sweet potato tubers, adaptibility for storage and drying of sliced sweet potato tubers were carried out. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The early cutting of May 20, alley of 90 X 20cm, application of potassium(28kg/10a)and covering produced the high yield of sweet potatoes. The apllication of OED green did not increase the yield of sweet potatoes, 2. The yield of Hwangmi was higher than that of Sinmi. These two varieties of sweet potatoes grew well in all the test soil series except Bansan. By early cutting of May 20, the highest yield of Hwangmi was obtained in Songjung series soil and the highest yield of Sinmi was in Yesan. 3. Starch content was higher in Sinmi than in Hwangmi while yield of starch per unit area was high in Hwangmi because of its high yield of sweet potato tubers. Both Hwangmi and Sinmi showed very high water content of more than 70 per cent. The highest yield of total solid matter from Sinmi was on September 15 and that from Hwangmi on September 30. Sinmi and Hwangmi harvested on September 30 showed the highest starch content. 4. Variation in water content, starch, soluble sugar, protein and fat content during storage was minimum in the sweet potatoes stored in the temperature controlled storage chamber and was maximum in those stored in the cave under ground. As a result, percent of grade A sweet potatoes remaining was highest in the temperature controlled storage chamber and lowest in the cave under ground. 5. Hwangmi was more susceptible to Rhizopus nigricans than Sinmmi, especially under the humid condition. 6. Shape and thickness of slice did not affect the yield of dried sweet potatoes but affected the time needed for drying. Depending on the thickness and the shape of slice, variations of 36 hours and 12 hours in drying time were observed respectively. Drying table was most effective in drying of sweet potatoes and drying rack was also effective and required 2 days less time than mat. Dipping in water did not show any effect on drying time but improved the color of dried sweet potatoes.

산토닌쑥(Artemisia kurramensis)에 對한 形態 및 發生學的 硏究

黃鍾奎,崔善英 全北大學校 1970 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

santonin 原料植物인 Artemisia kurramensir에 對하여 形態 및 發生學的 調査를 한 바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 꽃은 卵楕圓形의 頭花를 붙이며 一頭花에는 3∼5個의 管狀花가 있어 數校의 總苞片으로 둘러 쌓여 있다. 2. 잎의 表皮細胞에는 8∼10細胞로 된 많은 腺毛를 볼 수 있는데, 이 腺毛는 楯狀 또는 原胚 모양을 띄고 있다. 3. 꽃은 子房下位이며 雄蘂 5本, 雌蘂 1本을 갖는 兩性花이다. 4. 葯은 tetrasporangiate이다. 5. 葯壁은 退化型이며 表皮는 심히 늘어져 成熟時까지 남는데 가장 오래토록 남는 것은 융담조직이다. 6. 4分子型은 西面體型이다. 7. 花芽原基는 花床 위에 直接 붙으며 發育하여 倒卵形을 이룬다. 그 頂端은 陷入하여 소위 花被片을 形成한다. 8. 雄蘂原基는 그 花被片基部內側에서 發生한다. 9. 花被片基部의 表皮細胞는 점차 가느다랗게 되어 子房의 限界가 명백하여 간다. 10. 維營束系의 尖端에서는 胎座를 붙이지 않고 바로 4-5列의 細胞로 된 組織이 上向伸長하여간다. 11. 이들中 한쪽의 것은 子房壁을 이루어 繼續 上向 伸長하여 가나 다른 한편의 것은 그 尖端에 球心의 始原細胞를 볼 수 있다. 12. 卽, 胎座, 珠柄 等의 分化를 볼 수 없으며 直接 花床에서 發育한 組織위에 球心始原細胞가 發生한다. 13. 珠心의 始原細胞는 그대로 커져서 大胞子母細胞로 되며 表皮細胞만으로 둘러 쌓여 珠心組織을 形性한다. 卽 tennuinucellate type이다. 14. 珠被는 1枚이며 한쪽의 것은 珠心組織基部의 表皮細胞에서 發生하나, 다른 한편의 것은 花床에서 發生한 組織이 珠皮로 된다. 15. 4分子 排列은 線狀 또는 中間型을 띈다. 16. 減數分裂後 4分子와 3分子는 거의 同數로 觀察되었다. 17. 合點側 大胞子가 胚囊母細胞로 되는 것이 普通이나, 中間에 있는 것이 活性을 갖게 되는것도 많다. 18. 胚囊型은 monosporic 8-nucleate polygonum type이다. 19. 胚囊內는 空胞가 全面的으로 發達하고 있다. 20. 反足組織은 筒狀으로 狹少하여진 chalaza에 線狀으로 挑列하여 비교적 오랫동안 살아 남으며 胚囊膜側의 6∼7個의 仁을 가지고 있다. The present studies are attempted to investigate the morphological and embryological phenomena of Artemisia kurramensis which is known as a santonin yielding plant and the following characteristics are described. 1) The flower of ovoid capitulum involves 3 to 5 tubular flowers which are surrounded by several involcral scales. 2) On the surface of the leaf, many glandular trichomes which are delivered from the epidermis cell of leaves are observed. It constructs a shield-shaped or proembryo-like tissue with 8 to 10 cells. 3) The flower is epigynous, involving 1 pistil and 5 stamens. 4) The anther is tetrasporangiate. 5) The anther wall develops according to the reduced type and its epidermis is much stretched but persists at maturity. The endothecium is ephemeral and most of the amoeboid tapetums survive for a long time. 6) The microspore tetrad is a tetrahedral type. 7) The flower primordia develops from the top of the receptacle, and it grows to form obovade, and soon its upper portion is depressed, forming perianth primordia. 8) The stamen primordia develops from the inside base of the perianth. 9) The base portion of the perianth is constricted and the lower part forms the ovary. 10 The tip of the vascular bundle never bears the placenta but the 2 tissues which are constructed with 4 to 5 rows of cells grow upward respectively, and one of these grows along the ovary wall epidermis and the other grows upward independently without contact with the epidermis of the ovary. 11) The former forms the ovary wall and the other bears a large and dark-stained cell known as the initial cell of nucellus on the top of it. 12) In this plant, without the differentiation of the placenta or funiculus, the initial cell of the nucellus develops from the top of tissue that grows from the receptacle. These phenomena correspond with those of theory of axial. 13) The initial cell of the nucellus grows to be a megaspore mother cell without cell division, and the nucellar type is tennuinucellate. 14) The integument is unitegumic. 15) The tetra-megaspore type is mostly linear, but the intermediate type also rarely appears. 16) After the meiosis, the tetrad or triad appeared at the same frequency. 17) Usually, the chalazal megaspore functions as the embryo-sac mother cell but the third or the second megaspore sometimes does so. 18) The embryo-sac is constructed with monosporic 8-nucleate polygonum type. 19) The vacuole within the embryo-sac is filled out. 20) The antipodal tissue is arranged to be linear within the haustorial chalaza, and the inner cell of it has several nucleoli.

竹節人蔘의 雌性配偶體形成에 關한 硏究

黃鍾奎,崔定植,崔善英 全北大學校 1969 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

竹範人蔘의 雌性配偶體形成에 대하여 조사하였던 바 그 결과 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 二心皮 二心室로 된 中央綠邊胎座를 갖는 合成雌器를 갖는다. (2) 一心皮에는 2개의 胚珠가 있어 上下로 가라져 자라는데 上向伸長하는 것은 不完全胚珠다. (3) 胚珠는 倒生胚珠(anatropous)이다. (4) 珠心은 Crassinuccellate type이다. (5) 珠皮는 單珠皮이며 他 Species보다 두텁고 길기 때문에 보다 긴 珠孔을 갖는다. (6) 大胞子의 4分子는 綠狀排列을 한다. (7) 4개의 大胞子 중 合占側의 것이 活性化한다. (8) 胚??形은 正常型(Polygonum)이다. (9) 不完全胚珠는 途中退化되는데 다른 것에 비교하여 오래까지 지속되는 것 같다. As a part of embryological studies of panax japonicus, megasporangium and megagametophyte formation are investigated and summarized as follows. (1) Syncaropous gynoecium has the central marginal placenta with two carpels and two loculei. (2) The ovules grow in a locule and one of them elongates toward upright and the other downward, and former normally fails down. (3) The ovule type is of anatropous. (4) The nucellus type is of crassinucellate. (5) It has a unitegumic ovule and long micropylar canal. (6) Megaspore tetrad is of linear type. (7) The charazal end megaspore is usually functioning. (8) The embryo sac type is of polygonum. (9) The rudimentary ovule always fails down but the development within ovule is a little more progressive than others.

高麗人參의 胚發生에 關한 硏究

黃鍾奎 全北大學校 1966 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Following facts were made clear through the studies on the embryo development of Panax Ginseng, (1) The first division of zygote occurs approximately 10 days after pollination. (2) Both terminal and basal cell are divided transversley. (3) Each of the four-celled proembryo is divided to form eight-celled proembryo, the lowest cell Ci is segmented transversely into N and N' while the others are partitioned vertically. (4) At eight tiered proembryo, five tiers of upper portion are already segmented vertically, but at that time, superposed cell is not appear almost. (5) Suspensore is constituted with seven or eight tiered cells which is vertically segmented forming two rows. (6) The order of segmentation during the further development in tier L is somewhat irregular. (7) In most respects, the embryo of Panax Ginseng corresponds with that of Chenopodium Bonus-henricus. (8) The protuberance indicating the initial portin of plumule appears at center of depressed region approximately seven weeks after pollination. (9) The elonglation of proembryo slowly continues by red-ripened stage of fruit but the further more differentiations disappear from seven weeks after pollination.

新品種 밀 "早光"의 沓裏作 播種期 및 播種量에 관한 硏究

黃鍾奎,崔京求,陳星桂 全北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

This experiment was carried out under different seeding dates(October 10, Oct. 20 or November 10) and seeding rates (20, 30, 35 ℓ 10a) from 1976 to 1977 in Iri in order to study the suitable seeding date and seeding rate for Jokwang, the newly developed wheat variety, in double cropping paddy field. 1. Number of days to seedling emergence both on Oct. 20 and Oct. 30 were 14 days, but that of Nov. 10 was prolonged due to comparatively low temperature and about 37 days. 2. The heading date and the maturing date seemed to be shortened by 1 or 2 days in accordance with the earlier seeding date and the larger amount of seeding. 3. Number of panicles per square meter seeded on Oct. 20 was 506 which marked the most among the three seeding dates. 30ℓ 10a plot showed the most in panicle number among three seeding rates. 4. Number of grains per panicles was increased by 1 or 2 grains with hastened seeding date, but it was decreased by 2 or 3 grains with the increase in seeding rate. 5. The weight of 1,000 grains of the plots both seeded on Oct. 20 and Oct. 30 was about 38.0 g. and that of Nov. 10 was 35.0g. On the other hand, there were almost negligible differences in 1,000 grains weight between seeding rates at the same seeding date. 6. The yield of the plot seeded on Oct. 20 was 359 ㎏ 10a which marked the highest among the three seeding dates. Among seeding rates, 30 ℓ/10a plot showed the highest yield of 351 ㎏ 10a. However, the highest yield among all treatments, seeding dates and seeding rates, was 382 ㎏ 10a which was obtained from the plot seeded on Oct. 20 with the seeding rate of 30 ℓ/10a. 7. Therefore, it was considered that the suitable seeding date for Jokwang, the newly developed wheat variety, in double cropping paddy field in Iri area was Oct. 20 and its seeding rate was 30ℓ/10a.