가토 대동맥 평활근에서 인삼 알콜 추출물에 의한 Calcium 동원에 관한 연구

김용배,이영호,강복순,강두희,Kim, Yong-Bae,Lee, Young-Ho,Kang, Bok-Soon,Kang, Doo-Hee 대한생리학회 1990 대한생리학회지 Vol.24 No.1

There have been conflicting reports concerning the effect of Panax ginseng on the contractility of vascular smooth muscle, i.e., Panax ginseng extract has been reported to cause relaxation, contraction or to have no effect on the tension of vascular smooth muscle. A further investigation of $Ca^{++}$ stores which supply $Ca^{++}$ for contraction of vascular smooth muscle is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of this conflicting effect of ginseng alcohol extract (GAE). The present study was intended to examine the sources of calcium mobilized for contraction of vascular smooth muscle by GAE. Aortic ring preparations were made from the rabbit thoracic aorta and endothelial cells were removed from the ring. The contractility of the aortic ring was measured under various experimental conditions and $Ca^{++}$ flux across the membrane of aortic ring and the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were measured with a calcium selective electrode. The result were summarized as follows; 1) At low concentration of extracellular $Ca^{++}$, GAE increased the contractility of vascular smooth muscle in dose-dependent fashion except high concentration $Ca^{++}$ (1 mM). 2) In the presence of ryanodine, GAE still increased contractility of vascular smooth muscle as much as control group, but in the presence of caffeine, GAE increased it significantly. i.e. Their effects seemed to be additive. 3) In the presence of verapamil+lanthanum, and verapamil+lanthanum+ryanodine, the contractility of the vascular smooth muscle was decreased, but a dose dependent increase in vascular tension was still demonstrated by GAE although total tension was low. 4) GAE increased $Ca^{++}$ efflux from vascular smooth muscle cells, but have no effect on $Ca^{++}$ influx. 5) GAE increased $Ca^{++}$ efflux from sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria vesicles. From the above results, it may be concluded that GAE increased the release of $Ca^{++}$ from sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria or other intracellular $Ca^{++}$ stores of vascular smooth muscle, but it does not increase $Ca^{++}$ influx across the plasma membrane.

醫藥品 製造設計 및 操作分析의 最適化에 關한 硏究 : 錠劑製造의 最適化

金瑢培 圓光大學校大學院 1978 學位論叢 Vol.1 No.-

Tablet product design problem was structured as constrained optimization problem and subsequently solved by multiple regression analysis and Lagrangian method of optimization. Aluminium flufenamate was the drug chosen and microcrystalline cellulose and starch were the binder and disintegrant, respectively. The effect of the binder and disintegrant concentration on tablet hardness, friability, volume, in vitro release rate, and urinary excretion rate of drug in human subjects was recorded. Since a reasonably rapid release rate of drug is generally an important objective in the design of solid dosage form, optimization of this parameter was employed in studying the applicability of constrained optimization to a pharmaceutical product design problem. In addition to finding optimal solutions to constrained pharmaceutical problems, the application of sensitivity analysis studies to such problems was also illustrated. It would appear that prediction of the in vivo t'_(50)% response from a knowledge of the in vitro t_(50)% response can be made fairly accurately for the tablet system used in this study.

연취급 근로자들의 혈중 ZPP 농도 선별기준에 따른 정확도의 변화

김용배,안현철,황보영,리갑수,이성수,안규동,이병국,Kim, Yong-Bae,Ahn, Hyun-Cheol,HwangBo, Young,Lee, Gap-Soo,Lee, Sung-Soo,Ahn, Kyu-Dong,Lee, Byung-Kook 대한예방의학회 1997 예방의학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Measurement of blood lead (PbB) and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) are most common biological indices to identify the individual at risk for excess or the health sequences by lead exposure. Because PbB is known most important and reliable index of lead exposure, PbB is often regarded as a gold standard to detect lead exposure. But in Korea PbB is a secondary test item of detailed health check-up with positive finding of screening test in most occasion. Our lead standard requires all lead workers to take annual heath-check twice a year for investigation of their health effect due to lead exposure. Blood ZPP is one of most important index to detect high lead absorption in lead workers as a screening test. Measurement of blood ZPP is known ,well to correlate with PbB in steady state of exposure in most lead workers and is often used as a primary screening test to detect high lead absorption of lead workers with the advantage of simplicity, easiness, portability and low cost. The current cut-off criteria of blood ZPP for further detailed health check-up is $100{\mu}g/d\ell$ which is supposed to match the level of $40{\mu}g/d\ell$ of PbB according to our standard. Authors tried to investigate the validity of current criteria of cut-off level $(100{\mu}g/d\ell)$ of blood ZPP and possible another better cut-off level of it to detect the lead workers whose PbB level over $40{\mu}g/d\ell$. The subjects in our study were 212 male workers in three small scale storage battery industries. Blood ZPP, PbB and hemoglobin (Hb) were selected as the indices of lead exposure. The results were as follows. 1. The mean of blood ZPP, PbB and Hb in lead workers were $79.5{\pm}46.7{\mu}g/d\ell,\;38.7{\pm}15.1{\mu}g/d\ell,\;and\;14.8{\pm}1.2g/d\ell$, respectively. There were significant differences in blood ZPP, PbB and Hb by industry (P<0.01). 2. The percents of lead workers whose blood ZPP were above $100{\mu}g/d\ell$ in the group of work duration below 1, 1-4, 5-9 and above 10 years were 8.6%, 17.2%, 47.6%, and 50.0%, respectively. The percents of lead workers whose PbB were above $40{\mu}g/d\ell$ in those were 31.4%, 40.4%, 71.4%, and 86.4%, respectively. 3. The percents of lead workers whose PbB were below $40{\mu}g/d\ell$, $40-59{\mu}g/d\ell$ and above $60{\mu}g/d\ell$ were 54.7%, 34.9% and 10.4%, respectively. Those of lead workers whose blood ZPP were below $100{\mu}g/d\ell$, $100-149{\mu}g/d\ell$ and above $150{\mu}g/d\ell$ were 79.2%, 13.7% and 7.1%, respectively. 4. Simple linear regression of PbB on blood ZPP was statistically significant (P<0.01) and as PbB was $40{\mu}g/d\ell$, blood ZPP was $82.1{\mu}g/d\ell$. 5. While the highest sensitivity and specificity of blood ZPP test to detect lead workers with PbB eve. $40{\mu}g/d\ell$ were observed in the cut-off level of $50{\mu}g/d\ell$ and $100{\mu}g/d\ell$ of blood ZPP, respectively, the highest validity (sensitivity+specificity) of blood ZPP to detect lead workers with PbB over $40{\mu}g/d\ell$ was observed in the cut-off level of around $70{\mu}g/d\ell$ of blood ZPP. But even with optimal cut-off level of around $70{\mu}g/d\ell$ of blood ZPP, still 25.0% of false negative and 20.7% false positive lead workers were found. As the result of this study, it was suggested that reconsideration of current blood ZPP cut-off of our lead standard from $100{\mu}g/d\ell$ to somewhat lower level such as around $70{\mu}g/d\ell$ and the inclusion of PbB measurement as a primary screening test for lead workers was highly recommended for the effective prevention of lead workers.

액정재료와 액정디스플레이에 응용기술

김용배 한국공업화학회 2003 공업화학 Vol.14 No.4

다양한 액정화합물을 이용하여 컴퓨터 모니터, 사무자동화기기, 전화통신기기 및 군사용장비 등의 여러 가지 액정디스플레이 제품들이 개발되고있다. 아직까지는 정보를 표시하는 응답속도에 문제점이 있지만, 지난 10년간에 괄목할만한 성장을 계속하여 왔으며, 가까운 장래에 여러 가지 기술적 문제들이 해결될 것이다. 이 논문에서 액정디스플레이 제품에 이용되는 액정재료 기술들을 포괄적으로 설명하려고 한다. The various liquid crystal materials have allowed the development of a wide variety of LCD products in the computer monitor, office automation telecommunication and military devices. Although the newer LCDs showed sometimes limited response speed at which data can be displayed this area has enjoyed dramatic growth only during the past 10 years. Therefore many of the technical problems will be solved within the next few years. The aim of this work is to resent a comprehensive review of the technical aspects of the liquid crystal material technologies that will be used in the various LCD products.

특집/방사선치료의 진화: 고정밀방사선치료

김용배,서창옥 대한의사협회 2008 대한의사협회지 Vol.51 No.7

Technological advances that have been achieved over the last two decades in the area of treatment planning and sophisticated and complicated hardware capabilities, such as computer-controlled treatments, multileaf collimators, and incorporating imaging devices into treatment machines, enable clinical implementation of high-precision radiotherapy in field of radiation oncology. High-precision radiotherapy allows the delivery of increased tumor doses with relative sparing of normal tissues compared to 3 -dimensional radiotherapy and conventional techniques. Preliminary clinical experiences of high precision radiation therapy have been encouraging by high rates of local control and decrease of toxicity. This article provides an overview of high precision radiotherapy such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, stereotactic radiation therapy, image-guided radiotherapy, and charged particle therapy.

Phenyl ester계열 강유전성 액정혼합물의 전기광학과 유전적 성질에 관한 연구

김용배,최진욱 건국대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 理學論集 Vol.25 No.-

Phenyl ester계열 강유전성 액정혼합물의 카이랄 스멕틱 C상(SmC* phase), 카이랄 스멕틱 A상(SmA* phase) 그리고 카이랄 네마틱상(N* phase)들에서의 전기광학과 유전적 성질을 연구하였다. 강유전성 액정혼합물(KU-1001)의 SmA* 상 범위에서 장 유도효과에 의한 경전효과 때문에 작은 경사각이 관찰되었다. KU-1001 혼합물의 전기광학 응답시간은 상온에서 약 50㎲이고, SmC*-SmA* 상전이 근처에서는 높은 전장에서 2㎲보다 빠르게 나타내었다. 또한 N* 상에서는 인가 전기장에 무관하며 10㎲의 응답시간을 나타내었다. 유전율 이방성은 주파수와 온도에 크게 의존하며, SmC* 상과 SmA* 상에서는 음의 값을 나타내었고, N* 상에서는 0에 접근하였다. 이 현상은 N* 상에서의 변전효과 때문에 일어난다. KU-1002 혼합물은 유전 이방성의 값이 음인 강유전성 액정물질이 높은 인가 전장영역에서 관찰되는 변칙적인 스위칭 거동을 하였다. A phenyl ester type of ferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures have discussed dielectric and electro-optic properties for chiral smectic C(SmC*), chiral smectic A(SmA*) and chiral nematic (N*) phases. The tilt angle exhibits a small tail in the SmA* phase due to field induced effect, which is an electroclinic effect. KU-1001 mixture shows a optical response time of about 50㎲ at room temperature and low electric field down to 2㎲ for high electric field close to the SmC*_SmA* phase transition. In the N* phase, the value of the optical response time is order of 10㎲ and almost independent of the applied field. The dielectric anisotropy Δε has been negative value in the SmC* and SmA* phases which strongly depends on frequency and temperature. It approaches zero in the N* phase. This is the favorable condition sought in order to exploit flexoelectric effect in the N* phase. Anomalous switching behaviour of FLC materials with negative dielectric anisotropy have been reported. KU-1002 mixture shows a minimum in response time at a sufficiently high field.

Cholesteryl S-Alkoxybenzene Thiocarbonate의 합성과 액정 성질에 관한 연구(1)

金容培 건국대학교 1988 學術誌 Vol.32 No.2

The Cholesteryl S-Ethoxybenzene Thiocarbonate and the Cholesteryl S-Propoxybenzene Thiocarbonate were synthesised and their liquid crystal phase transition temperature were determined by optical method. Those compounds exhibit a cholesteric mesophase which are "Polygonal texture" and "Schlieren texture."

K X-ray 형광 기술을 이용한 골중 연량과 다른 연노출 지표들간의 관련성

김용배,이병국 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3

Objectives: This study was carried out to assess bone lead in lead workers and to examine the relationship between bone lead and other lead exposure indices. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional and research subjects were 137 lead workers. General characteristics, smoking and alcohol drinking habit were obtained by self-administered questionnaire and history taking. Bone lead was measured using K X-ray fluoresconce technique. Blood lead(PbB), blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP), δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine(ALAU) were selected as indicators of lead exposure. Results: The mean of bene lead of lead exposed workers was 22.9±18.5 ppm. In univariate analysis, bone lead was associated with PbB and ALAU. After controlling confounding variables(age, work duration, body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol drinking habit), bone lead was statistically significant correlation with PbB and ALAU. Conclusion: Bone lead may be the best biomarker of cumulative dose in lead workers. Therefore, for the evaluation of lead workers in special health examination it is recommended the inclusion of bone lead measuremetn in addition to other lead exposure indices.

Minoxidil과 Griseofulvin을 이용한 섬유모세포 억제기전에 대한 실험적 연구

김용배 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.1

이 연구는 임상에서 사용할 수 있는 상용약으로서 창상의 구축 과정을 약화 내지는 억제시키는데 그 목적을 두었다. 실험결과 minoxidil은 griseofulvin보다 더 강력하게 섬유모세포의 증식을 억제하였다. 또한 농도가 증가함에 따라서 세포의 모양도 방추형에서 원형에 가깝게 변화하였으며 원혈질돌기가 현저히 감소함이 관찰 되었다. 이러한 결과로 섬유모세포의 파괴없이 구축을 억제할수있는 방법을 모색 할 수 있었으며 나아가서는 이러한 약제의 정확한 기전을 파악하여 임상적으로 과섬유소증이나 창상치유를 조절하는데 활용시킬 수 있으리라고 생각된다. Fibroblasts are known as the key cells for wound contraction. In the plastic surgical field, wound contraction is one of the main concerns. Many drugs and treatment modalities have been tried to reduce the action of the fibroblasts. To investigate the effects of minoxidil and griseofulvin on fibroblasts, fetal human fibroblasts were isolated from the anterior chest of normal individual. Minoxidil, in addition to its effect on hypertention and hair growth and griseofulvin which has been used as antifungal agent were added on cultured fibroblasts. The morphological changes and numerical changes of the fibroblatsts were obseved by phase contrast microscopy. In low concentration, minoxidil do not affect the fibroblast proliferation but in high concentration, it inhibt fibroblast proliferation and changes morphology of fibroblasts. Griseofulvin affects the fibroblasts but not so significant as minoxidil. The significance of present findings is possible usage of this drugs to treat clinical fibrosis, hypertrophic scars. Futher studies are planned to learn more about a possible role for minoxidil and griseofulvin in prevention of wound contraction.

Pattern of Failure in Bladder Cancer Patients Treated with Radical Cystectomy: Rationale for Adjuvant Radiotherapy

김용배,홍성준,양승철,조재호,최영득,김귀언,나군호,한웅규,조남훈,오영택 대한의학회 2010 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.25 No.6

Thus far, the role of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) after radical cystectomy (RC) in urinary bladder cancer patients has yet to be defined. The purpose of this study is to analyze patterns of failure, and suggest the rationale for RT. Between 1986 and 2005,a total of 259 patients treated with RC and pelvic lymph node dissection was enrolled. The age range was 27-82 yr (median, 62 yr). Node positivity increased according to tumor staging. Patients were divided into the following two groups based on pathologic analysis: organ-confined disease group (n=135) and extravesical/lymph nodepositive disease group (n=80). Pelvic failures (PF) were observed in 8 (4.9%) in organ-confined disease group, and 21 (21.7%) in extravesical/lymph node-positive disease group. Five-year PF-free survival rates were 91.2% in organ-confined disease group and 68.0% in extravesical/lymph node-positive disease group. Five-year cancer-specific survival rates were 86.2% in organ-confined disease group and 53.9% in extravesical/lymph node-positive disease group. In conclusion, a relatively high PF rate was observed in extravesical lymph node-negative and lymph nodepositive disease patients in this study. Adjuvant pelvic RT may be considered to reduce pelvic failures in extravesical lymph node-positive bladder cancer. Future prospective trials are required to test the clinical benefit of adjuvant RT.