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김경웅,노병후,Kim, Gyeong-Ung,No, Byeong-Hu 대한기계학회 2001 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.25 No.9
In this paper, a control algorithm which is synchronously excitating the bearing with whirl speed of rotor is employed to suppress the whirl instability and unbalance response of the rotor-bearing system. Also, the cavitation algorithm implementing the Jakobsson-Floberg-Olsson boundary condition is adopted to predict cavitation regions in the fluid film more accurately than a conventional analysis with the Reynolds condition. The stabilities and unbalance responses of the rotor-bearing system are investigated for various control gains and phase differences between the bearing and journal motion. It is shown that the unbalance response of the system can be greatly improved by synchronous control of the bearing, and there is an optimum phase difference, which gives the minimum unbalance response of the system, for given operating condition. It is also found that the onset speed of the instability can be greatly increased by synchronous control of the bearing.
지구통계학적 방법에 의한 영광원전주변 토층내 Cs-137 및 K-40 측정 결과의 해석
김경웅,이재석,문승현,박철승,고일원,고은정,조병옥,정철영,전수열 대한자원환경지질학회 2002 자원환경지질 Vol.35 No.6
광주과학기술원 에너지환경연구센터에서는 2000년 한해 동안 원자력발전소 주변 환경방사선 조사계획에 의거하여 영광원자력발전소 부지외부 및 비교지점에서 토양, 하천토 및 해저토 등 환경방사능 시료에 대한 감마선 방출핵종 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 토양과 하천토 및 해저토에서 인공핵종인 Cs-137이 검출되었으나 지난 3년간(1997-99)의 측정치인 평상범위 이내의 값이었고, 원전과 관계없는 일반지역에서 검출되는 수준과도 동일하며, 반감기가 짧은 Cs-134는 전혀 검출되지 않은 것으로 보아 원전가동에 의한 영향이 아님을 알 수 있다. 환경시료 측정에 대한 품질관리를 위해 임의로 선정된 가마미인근에서 해저토 시료를 각각 5지점에서 중복시료로 채취하석 상대 검출효율이 각각 30%, 45%인 2대의 HPGe Gamma-ray Spectroscope로 동시에 분석하여 환경방사선 측정자료와 분석의 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위한 지구통계학적인 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해서 두 가지 요인을 설정하여 시료분석방법과 채취지점의 차이를 이원배치 분산분석을 수행하였다. Two-way ANOVA 결과 Cs-137 및 K-40의 경우 시료채취 지점의 차이에 의한 분산만이 유효하며, 시료채취 및 분석과정에서의 생기는 오차는 무시할 만하여 지금까지 수행되어진 시료채취 및 분석방법은 신뢰할 만하다고 할 수 있었다.
김경웅 대한자원환경지질학회 2004 자원환경지질 Vol.37 No.1
Pollution reduction and/or control technology becomes one of the pressing post-semiconductor research field to lead an advanced industrial structure. Soil/groundwater remediation techniques may act as a core technology which will create many demands on pollution reduction areas. A plenty numbers of abandoned metal mines were left without any remediation action in Korea, and it may be potential sources of heavy metal and As contamination in the ecosystem. In order to bring this soil contamination to a settlement, the emerging soil/groundwater remediation techniques should be introduced. Main research topics in the United States and Europe move towards the clean remediation technology without any secondary impact and the feasible application of developing technique into the field scale study. With these advantages, several soil/groundwater techniques such as electrokinetic soil processing, permeable reactive barrier, stabilization/solidification, biosorption, soil flushing with biosurfactant, bioleaching and phytoremediation will be summarized in this paper.
김경웅 한국지하수토양환경학회 1997 지하수토양환경 Vol.4 No.1
This paper examines the influences of mining activities on the concentrations of heavy metals in soils in the vicinity of the Dalsung Cu-W mine, Korea. Geochemical surveys were undertaken in the Dalsung mine area and sampling of surface and subsurface soils was carried out. Samples were prepared using 0.1 N HCI, HNO$_3$-HClO$_4$, and aqua regia, and analyzed for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. In addition, soil samples were sequentially extracted to investigate the chemical speciation of heavy metals in soils. Heavy metals are highly contaminated in soils in the vicinity of mining area ranging up to 28 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Cd, 5000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Cu, 2390 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Pb and 930 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Zn by the method using HNO$_3$-HClO$_4$. The pollution indices calculated with the permissible levels are up to 49 in surface and subsurface soils, which are considered sufficient to raise environmental problems. However, the heavy metal levels by the method using 0.1 N HCl are not higher than Korean standard for soil contamination. It suggests that analytical methods and soil standard should be re-examined. From the results of the sequential extraction methods for metal speciation, total Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations may be determined by analytical methods using HNO$_3$-HClO$_4$ or aqua regia, and exchangeable phase of those metals by the method using 0.1 N HCl.
국내 남해 및 남서해안지역 해양퇴적물과 저서성 유공충 골격내 중금속함량
김경웅,윤혜수,이성숙,정규귀,Kim, Kyoung-Woong,Yun, Hye Su,Yi, Song Suk,Jung, Kyu-Kui 대한자원환경지질학회 1997 자원환경지질 Vol.30 No.3
The skeletal chemistry of calcareous microfossils may contribute to the classification of various biological processes and be used as an environmental indicator for future pollution. In order to examine the degree of heavy metal pollutions in marine environments, samples of sediment and benthonic foraminifera were taken from 5 study areas from 3 different stations in coastal offshore regions of Korea. After sieving, cleaning and acid digestion, sample were analyzed for heavy metals by ICP-MS, ICP-AES and AAS. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in most of marine sediments from 5 study areas are not higher than those in sediments from unpolluted marine environment in the U.K.. However, pollution indices are up to 0.96~0.99 in the Gwangyang and Yulchon areas which are classified as the special control distric along the coast for pollution. The pollution indices decrease in order of Yulchon > Gwangyang > Mokpo > Gamak = Yoja > Yonggwang areas. Concentrations of Mg, Pb, Sr and Zn in Ammonia beccarii Pseudorotalia gaimardii, Quinqueloculina lamarckiana are reduced after pre-treatment of samples. From the result of bioconcentration index, Mg is easily accumulated in microfossils and Quinqueloculina lamarckiana may be used as the best indicator for future pollution.