Carbonated Lidocaine 에 의한 미추마취의 임상적 평가

조경숙,신양식,김종래,박광원 대한마취과학회 1987 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.20 No.5

Thirty-six adult patients who received caudal anesthesia for perianal surgery were randomly assigned to two grgups. Of these, 15 patients ingroup I were given 1.5 and 2% plain lidocaine in 18 and 7 ml doses, repectively. Twenty·one patients in group 2 were given lidooaine carbonated with 5% NaHCO_3 0.1 ml per 1 ml-lidocaine in the same volume and concentration as in group 1. The time of onset of analgesia for the pin prick and scratch tests was significantly more rapid in group 2(2.04±0.63 and 4,69±1.12 min for the pin prick and scratch tests, respectively) than those in group 1(5.00±1.70 and 9.48±5.40 min for the pin prick and scratch test, respectively). However, the duration of anesthesia in both groups was not significantly different (111.80 ±40.24 and 105.95±45.04 min in group 1 and 2, respectively). The mean pH of the 1.5 and 2% agents used in group 1 was 5.289±0.206 and 5.257±0.193, respectively, while the mean PH of the 1.5 and 2% carbonated lidocaine used in group 2 was 7.004±0.079 and 7 reapectively. The results iridicate that pH-adjusted lidocaine for caudal anesthesia has a more rapid onset than plain lidocaine hut that there is no difference in the length of duration of its effect.

광합성 세균을 포함한 고정화 복합미생물에 의한 질소성분 제거

조경숙,김정보,정수경,정해윤,조정섭,김중균,Cho, Kyoung Sook,Kim, Jeong Bo,Jeong, Soo Kyoung,Jeong, Hae Yoon,Cho, Jeong Sub,Kim, Joong Kyun 한국해양바이오학회 2006 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.1 No.2

순환여과식 양어 생산시스템에 있어 발생되는 폐수의 효율적 처리를 위하여, 유독 질소성분 처리능력이 뛰어난 광합성세균(PSB)을 PVA에 고정화한 beads 또는 CTA에 고정화한 cubes와 $NH{_4}^+$를 잘 이용하는 균(AUB)을 고정화한 beads를 여러 비율로 혼합한 고정화 혼합균에 의한 N 제거 특성을 알아보았다. AUB 최적 배지에서의 반응결과를 보면, 최대 가스 생성율은 PSB:AUB beads의 비율이 10:40 일 때, 0.87ml/h로 가장 높았고, 전체 beads 중 AUB beads의 혼합비율이 높을수록 가스 생성율이 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. PSB:AUB beads의 혼합비율이 50:0, 40:10, 25:25 및 10:40 일 때 pH값은 6.29, 6.01, 5.69 및 5.13으로 나타났다. 이에 반해 미량의 $NH{_4}^+$를 포함하는 PSB 최적배지에서의 반응결과를 보면, 전체 beads 중 AUB가 차지하는 비율이 높을수록 가스 생성양 및 가스 생성율은 현저하게 낮게 나타났다. 이때, pH값은 두 균주의 혼합 비율에 관계없이 약 6.5로 일정하게 나타났다. PSB cubes와 AUB beads를 여러 비율로 섞어 실험한 결과는 PSB beads와 AUB beads를 섞어 반응시킨 결과와 같은 경향을 보였으나 가스의 생성량 및 생성속도가 현저하게 감소하였고, control 반응에서도 가스 생성량이 0.2ml로 매우 적은 양이 발생하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아, $NH{_4}^+$, $NO{_2}^-$ 및 $NO{_3}^-$ 성분이 들어있는 실제 양식폐수의 수질정화에 있어서 PSB:AUB beads를 10:40으로 혼합한 고정화 균주를 이용할 경우 폐수내 N 성분의 동시 제거에 효과적일 것으로 보인다. For efficient removal of nitrogenous compounds produced in recirculating aquaculture system, the N removal characteristics of immobilized mixed microorganisms were investigated at various mixing ratios of photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) immobilized in PVA beads or CTA cubes and ammonium utilizing bacteria (AUB) immobilized in PVA beads. On the optimal medium of AUB, the maxium gas production rate was obtained at the mixing ratio of 10:40 (PSB:AUB), and the gas production rate increased as the portion of AUB beads in the mixed beads increased. When the mixing ratios of PSB:AUB beads were 50:0, 40:10, 25:25 and 10:40, the final pHs were measured to be 6.29, 6.01, 5.69 and 5.13, respectively. On the optimal medium of PSB, however, the volume and the rate of gas production decreased remarkably as the portion of AUB beads in the mixed beads increased. The final pH was measured to be approximately 6.5, regardless of the mixing ratio. In the reactions by the mixed culture of PSB cubes and AUB beads, all results showed the same tendency of those by the mixed culture of PSB and AUB beads, but the volume and the rate of gas production decreased remarkably, even with 0.2ml of gas production in control. From all the results, the use of mixed PSB and AUB beads at the ratio of 10:40 seems to be efficient to remove nitrogenous compounds in wastewater from recirculating aquaculture system.

가정폭력을 경험한 여고생의 단일 대상 상담 사례 연구

조경숙,박연규 아시아교정포럼 2021 교정담론 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 가정폭력을 경험한 B 여고생을 대상으로 사회생활 의 적응을 위한 상담프로그램을 활용하여 상담을 적용ㆍ실시한 사례를 분석하여 문제를 해결하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이러 한 관점에서 자아존중감의 긍정적 형성과 분노 조절 개선을 돕 고 가정폭력의 상황에서 대처하는 방법을 제시하여 자살사고 감 소와 행동 변화의 긍정적 결과를 유도하는 상담 사례 연구의 필 요성이 있었다. 가정폭력을 경험한 B 여고생을 위한 상담 사례 의 연구 문제를 토대로 하여 행동 특성이 자아존중감 형성과 분 노 조절에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 상담프로그램의 적용과 실시 는 긍정적 자아존중감 형성과 분노 조절의 향상에 효과가 있음 이 나타났다. 그러므로, 가정폭력을 경험한 한 여고생을 위한 상 담프로그램의 적용ㆍ실시한 결과 내담자가 행동 변화에 대한 의 지를 보이는 효과가 입증되었다. 사전ㆍ사후검사의 결과 분석을 통해서 자아존중감의 긍정적 형성과 분노 조절의 변화가 나타났 다. 가정폭력의 위기상황에서 내담자는 적극적으로 대처하고 상담 과정 중에 인식한 외현화 된 공격성에 대한 행동 변화를 시도 하고 자살이나 무기력 등 자아의 내면적 문제를 긍정적으로 바 꿔보려는 변화의 결과를 가져왔다. The purpose of this study is to solve problems by analyzing cases of counseling conducted by using a counseling program for adaptation to social life for high school girls B who have experienced domestic violence. From this point of view, there was a need for a case study of counseling that helps to positively form self-esteem, improve anger control, and induce positive results of suicidal ideation reduction and behavior change by suggesting ways to cope in situations of domestic violence. Based on the research problem of counseling case for high school girl B who experienced domestic violence, behavioral characteristics had a negative effect on self-esteem formation and anger control. Therefore, as a result of the application and implementation of the counseling program for a high school girl who experienced domestic violence, the effect of the client showing a willingness to change behavior was proven. Through the analysis of the results of the pre- and post-tests, positive formation of self-esteem and changes in anger control were revealed. In a crisis situation of domestic violence, the client actively coped with it, tried to change the behavior for the externalized aggression recognized during the counseling process, and tried to positively change the internal problems of the self, such as suicide or helplessness.

부식된 하수관에서 분리한 곰팡이 OMSOf1 의 황화수소 제거 특성

조경숙,박상진 ( Kyung Suk Cho,Sang Jin Park ) 한국환경생물학회 1997 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.15 No.2

A sulfide-oxidizing fungus was isolated from corroded concrete sewer pipes. From the physiological and morphological properties such as growth characteristics on diverse media, reproduction pattern, and size and shape of spores, the isolated fungus was considered as Sporormia sp. The fungus OMSOf1 could oxidize hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) to thiosulfate due to intracellular enzyme systems. The fungus was immobilized in polyurethane carriers which contained super absorbent polymer (sodium polyacrylic acid) permeated with mineral medium, and polyurethane. When 28ppm of H_2S was supplied to the biofilter packed with the carriers at 50㎖/min, more than 95% removal ratio of H_2S was obtained for 15 days without supply of water. The reduction of H_2S removal ratio by drying of the carriers could be recovered by supply of water.

Alcaligenes latus 의 배양방법에 따른 생분해성 플라스틱의 생산특성

조경숙,최희식,류희욱,조강현,박성연 ( Kyung Suk Cho,Hee Sik Choi,Hee Wook Ryu,Kang Hyun Cho,Seong Yeon Park ) 한국환경생물학회 1998 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Optimum conditions for cell growth and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate, PHB) biosynthesis of Alcaligenes latus. which can accumulate PHB simultaneously in associated with cell growth and grows well on a cheap carbon source such as sucrose, were investigated. The effect of initial sucrose concentration, ranged from 10 to 50g/L, on the cell growth and PHB accumulation were studied by a batch culture in a 5 L fermentor. PHB productivity was increased from 0.11 to 0. 36 g-PHB/L·h with increasing sucrose concentration up to 30g/L, and it was fairly constant between concentrations of 30g/L and 50g/L. The maximum specific growth rate, 0.44h^-1, was obtained at 30 g-sucrose/L, and the growth was inhibited at concentrations of sucrose over 30g/L. A. latus was also cultivated to attain high PHB productivity by fed-batch or semicontinuous fed-batch culture techniques. PHB productivity by a fed-batch culture under phosphate limitation (1.14g-PHB/L·h) were smaller than that without nutrient limitation (2.10g-PHB/L·h), but there is no significant difference of PHB content (55-60%) obtained in both culture. By a semicontinuous fed-batch culture without nutrient limitation, high PHB productivity could be obtained as 4.5∼4.8 g-PHB/L·h. The average PHB content, the yield of dry cell weight, and the yield of per consumed sucrose were 60%, 0.48, and 0.32, respectively. These results suggest that the semi continuous fed-batch culture technique is one of promising methods to achieve high PHB productivity by A. latus.

아쿠타가와류노스케(芥川龍之介)의 사회의식

조경숙 한국일본학회 2007 日本學報 Vol.70 No.-

초등영어 읽기 교육 방안

조경숙 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2000 영어교육연구 Vol.12 No.2

소리내어 읽어주기 활동이 초등 영어 읽기 흥미 및 어휘 습득에 미치는 영향

조경숙,서순영 한국초등영어교육학회 2001 초등영어교육 Vol.7 No.2

비한정 명사구의 의미와 대명사 조응현상

조경숙 대한언어학회 1998 언어학 Vol.6 No.1

Cho, Kyung-sook. 1996. The meaning of Indefinites and Pronominal Anaphora. Linguistics, 6-1, 193-213. The purposes of this paper are to study certain proposals related with the semantic interpretation of indefinites and pronominal anaphora, and to discuss their differences and problems. In formal semantics, indefinites have been traditionally treated as existential quantifiers. However, the quantificational approach of indefinites can not explain anaphoric relations between indefinite NPs and pronouns in the donkey sentences or in the inter-sentential examples. Therefore, in order to explain these anaphoric relations in maintaining the non-referential interpretation of indefinites, two theories are proposed: the E-type Theory and the Discourse Representation Theory. The E-type approach considers indefinites as existential quantifiers, and pronouns as definite descriptions. On the other hand, the DRT approach considers both indefinites and pronouns as variables, and explains their anaphoric relations in the discourse representation structure. In spite of these differences, two theories have the same problem: the problem of proportion. (Honam University)

자율독을 위한 초등 영어 읽기 교육 프로그램

조경숙 한국언어과학회 2007 언어과학 Vol.14 No.2