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基于中国适老文化的住宅建筑设计研究—以湖南科技大学“实训基地”的建筑学课程设计为例
黄靖淇,姜力,李晓娜 상명대학교 한중문화정보연구소 2021 中國地域文化硏究 Vol.15 No.-
现阶段,中国已经迈入全面人口老龄化社会,中国人口结构中的重要组成部分即为老年人这一特殊的社会群体,养老市场的需求不断增长且日益复杂,基于对老龄化社会现状和当前我国养老模式的研究,提出生态田园养老是一种可以满足当下养老服务市场经济须要的新型健康养老模式,它也是伴随着养老市场多元化发展而形成的。适老住宅是中国社会养老服务体系中居家养老的重要组成部分。由于中国未富先老、快速老龄化的基本国情,90%的老年人在通过家庭照顾养老。适老住宅不仅要有适老化的设计,同时也要提供生活照料、精神慰藉等形式进行实现。中国现有的建筑学专业设计基础课程的教学,长期呈现为一种简单化、技术性、统一式的格局。这种缺乏实验、概念的建筑设计过程,使学生在课程设计的学习时缺少了对原创性空间和探索经验形成的客观条件。它忽略了提倡探索性、实验性、概念性、可能性所能带来的素质提高与创造力的培养价值。我们结合株洲美丽乡村健康养老住宅设计竞赛出发从而探究适合高校“实训基地”的建筑学课程设计教学改革策略。建筑学专业的课程设计应“学以致用”。在对相关的现有适老社区及住宅建筑进行深入考察调研的基础上,我们更多地从宏观的视角审视了中国当前养老产业的发展现状,同时结合中国现有的养老服务形式和模式,进行本土化的地域化的研究分析和建筑设计。 At present, China has already entered an aging population society in an all-round way, an important part of China's population structure is a special social group, for the elderly pension market demand growing and increasingly complex, based on an aging society present situation and the current endowment patterns of research in China, puts forward the ecological rural endowment is a kind of can satisfy the present pension services market need new endowment mode, it is also associated with pension market diversification development. Aged housing is an important part of home care in China's three major social pension service systems. It is in line with China's basic national conditions of getting old before getting rich and rapidly aging. 90% of the elderly are assisted by family care in socialized services. Aged housing should not only have suitable design for aging, but also provide life care, spiritual comfort and other forms of service. The teaching of basic course design for architecture speciality has been simplified, technical and unified for a long time. This course process, which lacks experiment and concept, makes learning activities lack of space to obtain originality and objective conditions for the formation of exploration experience. It greatly ignores the value of promoting exploratory, experimental, conceptual, unsolved and possible qualities and creativity. Based on the Zhuzhou Beautiful Village Healthy Elderly Housing Design Competition, we explore the teaching reform strategy of architecture course design suitable for the "practical training base" of colleges and universities. The course design of architecture major should "Practice what you learn". On the basis of in-depth investigation and investigation of relevant existing old-age suitable communities and residential buildings, we examine the current development status of China's pension industry from a macro perspective. Meanwhile, we combine the existing forms and models of China's pension service to conduct localized regional research analysis and architectural design.
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