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Precise Fit in Joint between Metal and Resin Model Using 3D Printer
박광식,이승희 대한예방치과학회 2021 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.17 No.2
Objective: It is intended to observe a precise fit in metal articulator that could be joined to RP model, and report a result so that this can be clinically applied in practice. Methods: A fit region between resin and metal in articulator is fastened by full polymerization after first flasking in liquid unsaturated polyester. Experimental method is as follows. A resin block is cut by using High Speed Precision Cut-Off, and is polished by using Automatic Specimen Polisher, and then it is cleaned after being put in Ultrasonic Cleaner. With regard to the manufactured specimen, a gap was observed in metal-resin joint by using a scanning electron microscope. Specimens were manufactured by using 50, 60 and 70 series anodized aluminum, 50, 60 and 70 series aluminum plated with electroless nickel, S45C metal plated with chromium, S45C plated with electroless nickel, and Mc nylon. Results: The bonding gap value between the Resin model and MC Nylon was the lowest, and the gap value be tween the Resin model and Alumium 60 series anodiz ing-treated metal was observed to be high. Conclusion: It was observed that a gap (50.02±7.44 μm) in joint between resin model and MC Nylon was the smallest and a gap (120.25±11.92 μm) between resin model and 60 series anodized aluminum metal was the biggest.
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박광식,김남중,이청재,박지현 대한예방치과학회 2013 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.9 No.2
Objective: In order to compare the bonding strength of orthodontic bracket according to type of crown and the etching method. Methods: Such materials for tooth crown as Porcelain (vintage powder, Japan), Resin (Vertex Self Curing, Japan), Metal (New Crown, Japan), and zirconia (Zirkonzhan, italy) were selected and such methods as acid etching, laser etching method and combination of acid and laser etching method together were performed to 250 samples. Bonding strength was measured by use of Instron (CALIBRATION LAB), and SEM (scaning Electro Microscope) was used to observe the bonding state and the surface roughness for all samples. Results: Surface roughness was revealed the most in ceramic before acid etching but in natual enamel after acid etching. bonding strength was the most in natual teeth and the more in bonding strength in acid etching after laser irradiation than both in metal, ceramic, zirconia and resin prosthodontic materials. the surface roughness was the best in acid after laser irradiation group. Conclusion: Traditional acid etching method for bonding orthodontic bracket on prosthodic crown was the most on temsile bonding strength.
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박광식,서민석,조완제,이정현,이혜리,심재용 대한가정의학회 2010 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.31 No.4
Background: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korea is about 20%. The metabolic syndrome is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship of this syndrome with electrocardiographic subclinical risk factors such as corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation has not been evaluated extensively in Korea. In this perspective, we studied the relationship between metabolic syndrome and QTc interval prolongation among Korean adults. Methods: We analysed 1,560 Korean subjects (men, 873; women, 687; age, 30 to 75 years) at a health promotion center of a university hospital from November, 2006 to Jun, 2007. Subjects were evaluated for metabolic syndrome using a questionnaire, physical examination, blood pressure and blood test. QTc interval was measured from the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. Results: In women, the odds ratios of QTc interval prolongation according the number 1, 2, 3 ≥ of diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome were 1.62 (1.07 to 2.45), 2.70 (1.59 to 4.59), 3.24 (1.65 to 6.32) compared to the number 0 (P for trend < 0.001). In men, the odds ratios according the number 2, 3 ≥ of them were 2.53 (1.56 to 4.11), 3.49 (2.05 to 5.93) (P for trend < 0.001). Conclusion: In Korean Adult, metabolic syndrome is significantly associated with QTc prolongation. As the number of diagnostic criteria of this syndrome increased, the ratio of QTc prolongation tends to be increased. This study suggest that the measurement of QTc interval of subjects with the diagnostic components of this syndrome can help predict cardiovascular risk of prolonged QTc. 연구배경: 국내에서 대사증후군의 유병률은 약 20% 정도로높으며 그로 인한 합병증도 증가될 전망이다. 대사증후군이심혈관계 위험을 높인다고 잘 알려져 있지만 심전도상의 QTc 간격 연장과 같은 무증상의 위험 요인과의 관련성에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이러한 관점에서 대사증후군과 QTc 간격 연장과의 관련성을 보고한 외국 연구가 있었지만, 국내에서는 아직 이에 대한 연구가 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 저자들은 한국 성인 남녀를 대상으로 대사증후군과 QTc 간격 연장과의 관계를 알아보았다. 방법: 본 저자들은 2006년 11월부터 2007년 6월까지 일개 대학병원 건강 증진 센터에 내원한 우리나라 성인 1,560명(남자873명, 여자 687명, 연령 30-75세)을 분석하였다. 설문조사, 신체계측, 혈압측정 및 혈액검사를 통해 대사증후군의 진단 기준 요소를 조사하였고 QTc 간격은 표준 12-유도 심전도로부터측정되었다. 결과: 나이, 흡연, 음주, 체질량지수 및 혈청 칼슘을 보정한 후대사증후군의 진단 기준 수에 따른 QTc 간격 연장의 odds비를 조사한 결과 여자의 경우 0개를 기준으로 1개, 2개, 3개 이상일 때 odds 비가 1.62 (1.07-2.45), 2.70 (1.59-4.59), 3.24 (1.65-6.32)로 QTc 간격 연장의 위험이 높은 것으로 나타났다(P for trend<0.001). 남자의 경우 2개, 3개 이상일 때 odds 비가 2.53(1.56-4.11), 3.49 (2.05-5.93)로 QTc 간격 연장의 위험이 높은것으로 나타났다(P for trend<0.001). 결론: 한국 성인 남녀에서 대사증후군과 QTc 간격 연장과의유의한 관련성이 있으며 대사증후군의 진단 기준 수가 증가함에 따라 QTc 간격도 연장되는 경향을 보인다. 따라서 대사증후군의 진단 기준 요소가 하나라도 있는 환자에서 QTc 간격에 대한 검사가 필요하며 향후 심혈관계 합병증의 발생가능성을 예측하는데 도움을 줄 수 있다고 생각한다.
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박광식 한국고객만족경영학회 2006 고객만족경영연구 Vol.8 No.2
This paper tried to analyse the factors influencing consumer trust and the relationships between cause variables and result variables in Internet Shopping Mall. In order to do so, this paper tried to analyse the trust factors in TV Home Shopping as well as Internet Shopping Mall in terms of cyber markets both. There could be clear relationships between consumers' trust and consumers' purchasing attitudes in Internet shopping mall. So, we are trying to investigate a causal-effect relationship between the trust and the consumers' responses. There found six responses which were independent variables: perceived response before purchasing, perceived response after purchasing, perceived and emotional responses in the course of purchasing, positive and negative emotional responses after purchasing. These responses are correlated with consumers' Internet shopping environment and we can measure how much the variables of Internet shopping may affect the consumers' trust to the shopping mall. At first, we have supposed that the consumers' cognitive factors and emotional ones in the course of purchasing and their emotional factors after purchasing goods would influence on the trust very much. We can compare the trust factors of TV home shopping to the trust ones of Internet shopping mall. The goal is how we can search for the activate method of Internet Shopping Mall. The most important things are that the internet shopping mall should suggest the good quality, low price, easy interface, exact delivery, interactive communications etc. to all customers. After constructing the many propositions and drawing the conclusions, consumers could trust on the brands or firms in proportion to the more frequent visiting or the more pleasant experiences to the shopping mall. More implications about this study and further deep researches should be discussed in the next researching.
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