정화조 병합처리를 통한 가정오수 정화

박현건,성낙창,김형갑,서주수,이상용 진주산업대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

1. 單獨處理에 비해 倂合處理가 汚染負荷量으로 볼때 평균 약 31.1%의 더 높은 제거 효율을 얻을 수 있었다. 2. 下水道 流入 BOD 평균농도는 單獨處理時에 BOD 147.5㎎/l~160㎎/l정도인데 비해 倂合處理는 BOD 91㎎/l~100.8㎎/l을 나타내었다. 3. 家庭汚水를 무단방류하는 것보다 倂合處理를 하므로서 水系의 水質改善을 기여하였다. 4. 가능한 淨化槽는 실제 住居人口數보다 容量이 큰 것을 設置토록 하는 것이 좋다. This sutdy was performed in order to evalulate the purification of domestic sewage through single(nightsoil) and combined(nightsoil+domestic sewage) treament. The result of single and combined treatment are as follows: 1. The removal efficiency of BOD loading in Combined treatment was 31.1% more than that of single treatment. 2. The average concentratron of effluent BOD was 147.5㎎/l~160㎎/l in single treatment but 91㎎/l~100.8㎎/l in combined treatment. 3. Combined treatment contributes to improving the quality of water than direct discharging domestic sewage does. 4. It is desirable that, if possible, we should install a bigger septic tank than the volume which the actual residents need.

Vermicomposting을 이용한 유기성 슬러지 처리에 관한 연구

박현건,이춘식,강성석 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1996 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigated treatment of organic sludges using the vermicomposting. The effects of earthworms were obtained as follows: 1. The physicochemical components were investigated to be pH 7.7, TS 29.3%, VS 68.2%, FS 36.1%. 2. Optimum temperature range for growth of earthworms appears to be 20-25oC. 3. A productvity of optimum in earthworms were investigated to be temperature 10-15oC, pH 5.8-6.5. 4. The change of components in earthworm cast were investigated to be pH 6.2, VS 68.2-62.2%, TKN 7.5㎍/g, T-P 10.3㎍/g, T-K 3.2㎍/g.

소규모 양돈폐수의 고도처리에 관한 연구

박현건,서주수 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This reserch suggests the most economical method of cutting down the enviromental pollution that results from agricultural fecal matters by choosing the best method of wastewater treatment. Agricultural wastewater treatment system was tested and using anaerobic process treatment. Through combined septic tank test, which is a dilution of septic tank a volume and cost efficient, easy-to-handle waste treatment system in rural areas, with low concentrated wastewater, efficiency of and other factors from contamination loading at the time of combining, Using soil treatment system of ecological purification ability available to the area as the piggery wastewater removal capacity of not only organic matters but nitrogen and phosphorus. the results are as follows. 1. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased(2.5-15㎝/d), the COD removal efficiencies were between 98.0% and 93.4% then the effulent of COD were 9.9-34.8㎎/1. 2. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased, the NH_4^+-N removal efficiencies were between 98.1% and 95.8% then the effulent of NH_4^+-N were 12.3-27.8㎎/1. 3. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased, the PO_4^3+-P removal efficiencies were between 95.5% and 90.5% then the effulent of PO_4^3+-P were 6.2-11.5㎎/1. 4. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased, the SS removal efficiencies were between 95.6% and 91.2% then the effulent of SS were 2.7-5.5㎎/1.

전기도금폐수 처기기술

박현건 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

유해성이 매우 높은 폐수를 발생시키는 전기도금업에 있어서 유기물의 발생원 및 이에 대한 대책과 함께 소량으로 큰 문제를 야기시키는 중금속의 처리는 매우 어렵고 제대로 처리가 힘들므로 수질오염에서 국지적인 오염을 일으키기도 한다. 전기도금업 폐수의 처리범위는 대단위 광범위하며, 지금까지는 1차처리 즉 응집침전, 산화, 환원 등 유해물질을 처리하기 위하여 폐수처리를 설계하여 실시하고 있다. 하지만 제되로 운영하지 못하여 수질오염의 주요 업종으로 낙인이 찍혀있는 실정이다. 폐수처리 대책은 공정내 대책과 폐수처리에 의한 방법이 있으며, 공정내 대책은 물 사용량을 줄이거나, 순환하여 재사용하고, 공정을 개선하여 오염물질의 발생자체를 감소시켜야 한다. 폐수처리에 의한 방법은 응집침전법, 생물학적처리법, 전해법, 활성탄흡착법 등이 있으나 어느 것도 유기물, 중금속에 대하여 완벽하게 처리될 수는 없다. 유해중금속 중 수산화물 응집침전법은 아연, 철, 구리, 납, 카드뮴이 공존할 경우 이론적 제거 pH보다 비교적 낮은 pH 9.0-9.50부근에서 완벽히 제거할 수 있다. 향후 과제로는 첫째로 소규모 전기도금 공장에 광범위하게 적용 시킬 수 있는 폐수처리 방법, 장치의 개발이 요구된다. 둘째로 유해물질의 처리에 비용이 과다하게 소요되므로 경제적인 방법의 개발이 요구된다. 세째, 대표적으로 고비용 폐수처리 물질인 시안의 경우 저비용 방법인 전기분해에 의한 산화법의 실용화 기술이 필요하다. 업종이 대부분 소규모 사업장이어서 폐수처리 대책에서 실시할 수 있는 방법으로는 공정과 관련한 대책으로서 화학약품에 대한 재검토, 물사용의 재검토가 있으며 폐수처리에 있어서는 고농도 폐액을 어떤 식을 분별할 것인가, 또 처리방법은 개별이냐, 공동처리냐의 방법을 생각해야 한다.

고온호기발효법에 의한 정화조슬러지의 처리와 온실효과가스의 발생 특성

박현건 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

최근 한국에서는 산업화와 생활수준의 향상으로 수질오염이 심각하게 대두되었다. 아울러 폐수처리 공정으로부터 나오는 과도한 슬러지 처리문제는 환경오염 방지측면에서 주요한 문제로 제기되었다. 일반적으로, 슬러지처리는 매립, 소각과 해양투기에 의해 처리되어 왔다. 그러나 이러한 공정들은 운전비나 기술적으로 복잡하고 이차적인 환경오염을 일으키는 문제점들을 또한 가지고 있으며, 특히 화석연료의 사용에 의한 소각공정으로부터는 온실가스가 방출된다는 점이다. 그러므로, 대기와 수질오염의 낮은 배출인자를 가진 경제적인 처리공정과 진보된 기술개발은 필수적인 사항이다. 최근 고온호기발효법은 고농도 유기물질을 처리하는 공정으로서 주목을 받고 있다. 이 공정의 원리는 유기성 퇴비화 방식과 거의 일치하고 있다. 유기탄소를 호열성균에 의해 이산화탄소로 완전히 변환시키고 미생물의 활동에 의해 슬러지의 수분을 증발시키는 공정이다. 정화조슬러지를 처리하기 위해서, 폐식용유는 수분증발을 위한 에너지로 제공되기 위해서 시료와 혼합시켰고, 이 공정은 간헐식 pilot plant에서 수행되어졌다. 이 연구의 목적은 정화조 슬러지의 분해특성과 온실가스의 배출 특성을 고찰하는데 있다. Recently in Korea, water pollution has become serious with the develpment of industry and the improvement of the life style. In addition, treatment of excess sludge from wastewater treatment processes becomes a major theme from environmental protection aspect. In general, the treatment of sludge cake is treated by the process of landfill, combustion and ocean dumping. However, these processes have also disadvantages, they operates costly, technically complicatedly and causes secondary pollution. Especially, the emission of greenhouse gases from combustion process by using fossil fuel. Therefore, the development of advanced and economical treatment process with lower secondary air or water pollution potential is necessary. The thermophilic oxic process has been noticed these days as a treatment process for the highly concentrated organic matter. The principle of thermophilic oxic process is almost the same as that of organic compost. This process is characteristic of the complete conversion of organic carbon to carbon dioxide thermophilic oxic microorganism and the evaporation of the sludge water by the heat energy from microbial activity. To treat septic tank sludge, waste food oil was mixed to provide the energy for the evaporation of water components. The thermophilic oxic process was carried out in a bench scale pilot plant. The objectives of this study are to determine the characteristic of disintegration of septic tank sludge and emission of greenhouse gases from thermophilic oxic process.

衛生쓰레기 埋立場의 侵出水 特性分析에 관한 硏究

朴炫建,成樂昌,徐珠洙 진주산업대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The results of Leachate from the Landfill site are as follows: 1. The polluation concentration of organic and inorganic matter arising from Leachate of landfillsite diminishes into the Logarthmic curve condition with the lapse of time. which makes the biological treatment diffcult 2. At an earlier stage of the landfill. Owing to the lack of the absolte guantity of PO_4 -P required for satisfying the ratio of BOD_5:PO_4 -P=100:1, PO_4 -P for biological treatment has to be supplemented artificially in proprotion to thne concentration of BOD. 3. As the pollustion concentration of NH_4 -N exceeds the limitation of the proper biological treatment(BOD_5: NH_4 -N), ammoniar-emoyed arrangements are needed for reducing the Stink before the biological treatment. Containing high concentration of NO_5 -N, the treated Leachate requires the fat-removed treatment. 4. The pollution concentration of the heavy metals in refuse can be reduced by regulating the pollution substances of heavy metals, the illegal landfill of the sludge form a factory, and so on.

小規模 豚舍廢水의 土壤處理에 관한 硏究

朴炫建,徐珠洙 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1995 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

본 연구에서는 축산분뇨에 의한 환경오염의 저감방안을 강구하며 축산농가에서 처리방법의 선택시 경제적인 처리방법을 제시하고자 축산폐수처리 시스템으로서 혐기성처리공법과 용량이 적고 제작비용이 적게 소요되며 유지관리가 용이한 정화조에 농가에서 배출되는 저농도의 오수를 희석수로 합병시켜 병합처리한 후의 처리수를 농촌지역에서 토양생태계가 갖고있는 고유의 정화기능을 축산폐수처리에 이용하여 유기물뿐만 아니라 질소, 인의 제거능력을 고찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 토양처리장치의 표면적 부하율을 2.5-15cm/d로 변화시켰을 때 COD제거효율은 98.0%에서 93.4%의 높은 처리효율을 보였으며, 처리수의 COD농도는 9.9-34.8mg/l로 나타났다. 2. 토양처리장치의 표면적 부하율을 2.5-15cm/d로 변화시켰을 때 NH^+_4-N제거효율은 98.1%에서 95.8%의 높은 처리효율을 보였으며, 처리수의 NH^+_4-N농도는 12.3-27.8mg/l로 나타났다. 3. 토양처리장치의 표면적 부하율을 2.5-15cm/d로 변화시켰을 때 PO^3+_4-P제거효율은 95.5%에서 90.5%의 높은 처리효율을 보였으며, 처리수의 PO^3+_4-P농도는 6.2-11.5mg/l로 나타났다. 4. 토양처리장치의 표면적 부하율을 2.5-15cm/d로 변화시켰을 때 SS제거효율은 95.6%에서 91.2%의 높은 처리효율을 보였으며, 처리수의 SS농도는 2.7-5.5mg/l로 나타났다. This reserch suggests the most economical method of cutting down the enviromental pollution that results from agricultural fecal matters by choosing the best method of wastewater treatment. Agricultural wastewater treatment system was tested and using anaerobic process treatment. Through combined septic tank test, which is a dilution of septic tank a volume and cost efficient, easy-to-handle waste treatment system in rural areas, with low concentrated wastewater, efficiency of and other factors from contamination loading at the time of combining, Using soil treatment system of ecological purification ability available to the area as the piggery wastewater removal capacity of not only organic matters but nitrogen and phosphorus. the results are as follows. 1. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased(2.5-15cm/d), the COD removal efficiencies were between 98.0% and 93.4% then the effulent of COD were 9.3-34.8mg/l. 2. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased, the NH^+_4-N removal efficiencies were between 98.1% and 95.8% then the effulent of NH^+_4-N were 12.3-27.8mg/l. 3. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased, the PO^3+_4-P removal efficiencies were between 95.5% and 90.5% then the effulent of PO^3+_4-P were 6.2-11.5mg/l. 4. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil treatment were increased, the SS removal efficiencies were between 95.6% and 91.2% then the effulent of SS were 2.7-5.5mg/l.

嫌氣性 流動床反應槽에 의한 豚舍廢水處理

朴炫建,全基一 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1994 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.7 No.-

The objective of this study was to find the optimum operating conditions for the anaerobic fluidized bed reactor of swine waste. For this purpose, laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor were designed and operated under various conditions. 1. The COD removal efficiency was 70% in high COD loading rate 8-10kg COD/㎥. day and the optimum recycle ratio of anaerobic fluidized bed reactor was about 8-10 in COD loading rate 8.0kg COD/㎥.day. 2. As the hydraulic retention time decreased from 10, 2.5, 0.5days were 88%, 80%, 70% for COD removal efficiencies. 3. As the organic loading rate increased, the alkalinity and total volatile acid were 3,400-3,940mg/l,140-386mg/l(as caco_3) in the reactor. 4. When the hydraulic loading rate of soil filter were increased, the variation of COD removal efficiencies were between 95% and 82% then the effulent of COD were 95-215mg/l. 5. As the hydraulic loading rate of soil filter were increased, the removal efficiencies of suspended solid were about 84-65% and the effulent of SS were 7.9-22.3mg/l.

深層曝氣방식에서의 必要空氣量에 관한 硏究

박현건,이현주,성낙창 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1993 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.2

In this study, the necessary air flow rate in the Deep Aeration Process was measured, the experimental result was summerized as follows : 1. A Difference between highest and lowest DO concentration according to the depth was about 0.5㎎/l in feed inlet of Deep Aeration Reador and was about 1.0㎎/l in effluent outlet, and the gap of DO concentration was not large according to the depth. 2. It is desirable to keep 5㎎/l of DO concentration in Deep Aeration Reactor like Standard Aeration Reactor in respect of economic. 3. The calculated value of Air Flow Rate applied to Echenfelder's equation(1-m=1.41) were in accord with a experimental values.

深層曝氣槽에 대한 基礎硏究

朴炫建,成樂昌 진주산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

1. 심층폭기조에서 용존산소의 최대치와 최소치와의 차는 1.0㎎/1이므로 실용상 문제점이 없으며, 표준폭기조에서와 별 차이가 없었다. 2. 용존산소 포화농도가 심층폭기조의 경우 표준폭기조에 비해 약 2.0-3.5㎎/1정도 더 높은 것으로 나타나 고농도, 고부하에 잘 적응할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 필요공기량은 Eckenfelder식에 상수(Km=l.4l)를 사용하여 구한 계산치와 실측치가 비교적 일치하였다. This study was carried out to compared with between deep aeration and standard aeration process, the result was as follows : 1. The difference between maximum and minimum value wag 1.0㎎/1 therefore deep aeration process has not problem of practical use 2. Deep aeration process was suitable for high concentration and loading because the saturation concentration of DO was 2.0-3.5㎎/l higher than standard aeration process. 3. The caculated values of air flow rate applied to Mckenfelder equation(K_m=1.4l) were in accord with a laboratory values.