주민소송(住民訴訟)에 관한 연구(硏究)

장교식 ( Kyo Sik Jang ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2002 一鑑法學 Vol.7 No.-

國家硏究開發事業의 效率的 管理를 위한 法制改善方案

張校湜(Jang Kyo-Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2006 土地公法硏究 Vol.33 No.-

  In this Article, we will explore how governments can best achieve a legislation system to manage efficiency the government R&D performance. In order to examine the legal system of the government R&D, it is essential to understand the current acts and guidelines of management system for the government performance. Science and Technology are advancing at an increasingly rapid pace and the ways in which they interacts with the economy, society and the environment is becoming increasingly complex.<BR>  We have a basic act about government performance of science and technology management and many subordinate statutes. It is "Fundamental Act of Science and Technology", "Provision on Management of National R&D Permance(enforcement decree)" and "Enforcement Rule on Management of National R&D Performance". These act and provisions are to unite the government management of national R&D. However we have had many regal problem, because each competent administrative agency of national R&D have each provision of the management performance about national R&D.<BR>  The goals of this study are to analyze the problems of the current rules and to propose the improvement of the legislation system to manage the government R&D performance.

상수원관리지역의 토지매수절차 및 보상법리에 관한 연구

장교식(Kyo-Sik Jang) 한국토지공법학회 2004 土地公法硏究 Vol.21 No.-

Nowadays management of water resources is most important in environmental problems because it is related to an essential aspect of life. Under our legal system, water resources are managed and protected from constitutional law to relevant statutes. Purchase and control of land in the management area of water resources may be an efficient and ultimate solution for improving the quality of water. This system may breach private property rights, so that legislative measures should be properly prepared in response to the breach of property rights In this connection, the waterside area for the management of the quality of water is designated under the relevant statute, and certain actions are prohibited in the waterside area. In addition, people who own land or facilities on the land in water source management site of water system of the Han River have a right to claim land purchase against government. However, several problems of land purchase procedure in the water source management site have been revealed. Because of inefficient and complex land purchase proceeding, land purchase is often delayed. Therefore, summary land purchase proceeding should be introduced in order to preserve the quality of water. In addition, the period of the land purchase proceeding should be shortened reasonably. In the long term, systematic plans for land purchase should be made and sufficient budgets should be acquired. In particular, legal system in regard to compensation changed in 2003. Therefore, the guidelines and principles of compensation regarding land purchase in the water source management site should be prepared promptly.

CCRA가입과 정보보호시스템 평가제도의 개선

장교식(Jang Kyo Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2005 土地公法硏究 Vol.25 No.-

Although the level of Information Technology(IT) and usage has already followed the advanced country's level, it still requires that the legislative system should be re-organized. An effective IT Security System also needs to be established. With this motivation as a foundation, this study will analyze our legal system of Evaluation Facility, Certification Body, and Accreditation Body's laws and regulations related to establishment, administration, and scope of business. And then, this study try to analyze the problems of our legal system for becoming a member of the CCRA. In addition, the strength and weakness of our legislative system will be explored. In conjunction with that, this study will be investigated problems of certification system and evaluation of ITSS. It also will be demonstrated that policy implications for solving the problem. Finally, the effectiveness of IT Security System and the required items for joining CCRA will be considered throughout this study. The span of this study is to improve and re-organize our legislative system for joining CCRA. And, after becoming a member of it, it is try to analyze how to protect our IT Security System Market from invasion of advanced countries. In this purpose, this study is try to examine recent legislative system, which has an influence on joining CCRA, in our country. In conjunction with that, this article overview the legislative system about the Evaluation·Certification Scheme, especially, ‘Framework Act on Informatization Promotion’, ‘Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection’ and ‘Guideline of investigation IT security system for the Government’. In addition, other legislative system about safe guard, especially ‘Foreign Trade Act’ and ‘Investigation on Unfair Trade and Relief of Industrial Damage Act‘ etc., is examined. In our existing law, the act which will have an effect on becoming a member of CCRA is ‘Guideline of invesigation IT security system for the Government’ that has been established by the National Intelligence Service. It should be reformed to join the CCRA, because it will be an obstacle to admit a Common Criteria Certificate of other member country. In addition, it is necessary that our legislative system about the Evaluation·Certification Scheme should be reformed, to clear the legal foundation of Evaluation Facility, Certification Body, and Accreditation Body. And, it is necessary to overview a evaluation procedures, evaluation and certification/validation scheme, and evaluation fee etc. It requires that the legislative system to protect our IT Security System Market and promote use of certificated IT Security System should be set up based on studies of other countries for founding an advanced evaluation and certification scheme.

주민참여예산제의 운영현황과 개선방안에 관한 고찰

張校湜(Jang, Kyo-Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2013 土地公法硏究 Vol.63 No.-

주민참여예산제는 2004년 광주광역시 북구와 울산광역시 동구에서 주민참여예산조례를 제정하여 운영한 이래 거의 모든 지방자치단체에 의하여 도입되어 운영되고 있다. 이러한 주민참여예산제는 지역주민의 재정선택권을 보장하고 납세자주권을 구현하기 위한 제도적 장치로서 재정민주주의를 구현한다. 또한 주민의 예산과정에의 직접 참여를 통한 지방발전 전략을 수립하고 지역 주민들에게 필요하고 우선시되는 사업이 반영되어 지방재원의 효율적 배분에도 기여한다. 아울러 지역주민들이 직접 참여하는 예산수립은 지역에 필요한 사업을 수행하고 주민의 복리를 증진시키고 지역주민들이 함께함으로써 지역공동체 형성에도 기여한다. 주민참여예산제가 지방자치단체에 도입되어 운영된지 10년을 앞두고 있으나 아직도 지방재정이 열악하여 주민참여예산제의 취지가 반감되고, 주민참여예산에 참여하는 주민 역시 예산에 대한 전문지식이 부족하여 아직도 공무원들에 의하여 기획되고 조정되어지는 것이 현실이다. 또한 현재 운영되고 있는 주민참여예산조례는 규율밀도가 낮고 제도적 장치도 결하고 있는 실정이다. 향후 주민참여예산제는 우선, 주민참여범위를 확대하여 주민에 의한 자치의 실현을 담보하고, 지역주민이 함께 참여할 수 있는 기회의 장을 만들어 가는 것이 필요하다. 이를 위하여 주민들의 참여를 유도하기 위한 다양한 정보가 제공되고 예산편성에서 결산에 이르는 모든 예산과정을 투명하게 공개하여야 한다. 또한 주민참여예산제의 진정한 취지를 살리기 위해서는 주민에 대한 시기별 설명회와 공청회 및 지역예산학교를 운영하여 예산에 대한 주민들의 전문성을 강화해 나가야 한다. 그리고 지역적 실정과 특성을 반영한 주민참여예산제를 설계하고 주민들의 자발적인 참여를 확대시켜 제도의 실효성을 높일 수 있는 운영체계를 지속적으로 발전시켜 나가는 것이 중요하다. The citizen-participatory budget system was first introduced by Buk-gu in Gwangju City and Dong-gu in the City of UIsan in 2004 through the enactment of the ordinance of citizen-participatory budget. Since then, it has been operated in almost all local governments. This system is an institutional measure aimed to protect the locals' right to choose finance and implement taxpayers' rights. Its ultimate goal is to realize fiscal democracy. In addition, it makes a contribution to the efficient allocation of local financial resources by establishing local development strategies through citizens' participation in budgeting and reflecting the projects that they need and expect. Moreover, this kind of citizen-participating budgeting system is helpful in forming a local community by promoting customized projects and improving the locals' welfare. It's been ten years since the citizen-participatory budget system was introduced to local authorities. However, the goal of the system has weakened because of poor local financial conditions. In addition, it has been mostly planned and coordinated by government employees because of the locals' lack of expertise. Furthermore, the current ordinance of citizen-participatory budget is too loose without an institutional backup. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the scope of citizens' participation, guarantee citizen-led autonomy and offer an opportunity for all citizens to participate. For this, a wide variety of information should be available, and all budget-related processes from budgeting to settlement of accounts should be open and transparent to attract citizens' participation. To answer the fundamental purpose of the citizen-participatory budget system, in addition, it is important to develop citizens' expertise by holding conference and public hearing and operating local budget schools. It is also required to design a customized citizen-participatory budget system considering regional characteristics and conditions and keep developing the operating system for better efficiency by expanding citizens' voluntary participation.

行政處分基準의 立法的 整備方案에 관한 硏究 - 道路交通法領上의 行政處分基準을 中心으로

張校湜(Jang Kyo-Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2007 土地公法硏究 Vol.38 No.-

  Modern administration puts importance on the reliability, democracy and transparency of administration requiring a series of arrangements of laws and decrees. Subjects of administration conducted optional and arbitrary administration in dispositions against the people, harming the predictive possibility of administration and resulting in distrust.<BR>  It is an indispensable element to make and proclaim specific criteria for administration by a state or public organizations, in order to form mutual trust between the administered and the administrator in modern administration. The Administration Procedure Act of the Republic of Korea specifies the principle of transparency in Article 20, obligating the establishment and proclamation of disposition criteria.<BR>  In reviewing such administrative disposition criteria, there are things that should be verified such as the suitability of the legislation method (the principle of exclusive duty), the rationality of the contents of the criterion (the principle of proportion), and the external effect of arbitrary compliance (the principle of administrative self-binding).<BR>  To that end, this paper looks into the suitability of the legislation methods of the disposition criteria dispersed in individual laws, analyzes the rationality of the contents of the disposition contents, and reviews the position of courts concerning the disposition criteria through judicial precedents.<BR>  Of course, the characteristics of individual administrative areas should be considered in determining the legislation methods to establish the administrative disposition criteria. The legislation methods should vary greatly depending on the legal effects on the people whether they infringe on their interests or enhance their interests.<BR>  Therefore, the criteria of legislation methods should be established and conducted in legislation, and the court should make consistent judgments on the external binding force of administration criteria, thus enhancing the trust of the people in the legislation.<BR>  It is believed that studies on such disposition criteria will greatly contribute to the legislative arrangements of administrative disposition criteria in the future.

日本의 地方分權改革과 條例制定權에 관한 考察

張校湜(Jang, Kyo-Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2012 土地公法硏究 Vol.58 No.-

풀뿌리 민주주의의 초석인 지방자치는 시대를 불문하고 중요한 국가운영의 과제였다. 그러나 자치행정을 가능하게 하는 실질적인 분권은 최근까지도 각국의 난제중의 하나이다. 최근 우리뿐만 아니라 일본도 지방분권개혁이 한창 진행 중이다. 일본의 지방분권개혁 중 지방자치단체의 조례제정권과 관련하여 기관위임사무가 폐지됨에 따라 괄목할 만한 변화가 예견된다. 본고는 일본의 분권개혁과 지방자치단체의 조례제 정권의 확대라는 측면에서 법령과 조례와의 관계를 고찰하였다. 지방자치단체는 국가 법령에 기하여 사무를 처리하는 것이 현실이다. 규제적 사항뿐만 아니라 급부적 사항도 법령에 의하여 정하여 지고, 그 처리방법도 상세하게 법령에 의하여 규정되어 있다. 법령의 규정에 구속되는 만큼 지방자치단체의 재량은 한정되고 지역실정에 따른 행정운영이 어렵게 된다. 따라서 이러한 국가법령과 지방자치단체의 자치입법권과의 보완 및 경합의 문제가 발생한다. 일본의 경우 지방자치단체의 자치입법권과 관련하여 법령과의 관계에서 다양한 조례의 형태를 인정하여 왔다. 더욱이 일본은 분권개혁을 통하여 지방자치단체는 창의적인 노력에 의하여 다양한 자주 조례의 제정의 길이 넓게 열렸다. 아울러 법률의 자주해석을 통한 자주적이며 지역실정에 부합한 지역행정을 행하는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 일본의 지방자치단체의 조례제정권의 확대는 지역고유의 과제해결과 정책추진을 위하여 법령을 지역에 적합하게 해석하고 운용하며, 지역특성과 지역실정에 부합한 독자적 조례를 제정함으로서 개성풍부한 자주적이며 창의적인 지방자치를 실현한다는 점에서 의미가 크다. 이러한 일본의 지방분권과 조례제정에 대한 논의는 향후 우리 지방자치단체의 분권개혁과 지방자치단체의 자치입법권과 관련하여서도 시사하는 바가 크다. The Local Autonomy, the basis of grassroots democracy, has been an important task in managing a state throughout the entire history of human beings. However, the practical decentralization which enables the local administration is recently one of the difficult issues of each state. Reformation for decentralization has been actively implemented in Japan as well as Korea. As the institutional mandatory affairs were closed with respect to the ordinance legislation by local authorities for the reformation of decentralization in Japan, a remarkable change is expected. This paper investigated the relationship between the acts and ordinances on the aspect of the expansion of ordinance legislation by local authorities and the decentralization in Japan. Local authorities deal with the affairs in accordance with the national laws in reality. The payment affairs as well as regulatory affairs are determined by laws and the implementation processes of such affairs are specified by laws in detail. The discretion of local authorities is restricted because the local affairs are subject to the laws. This is why it is so difficult to implement the administrative operation depending on local conditions. Accordingly, the problem of supplementation and conflict between national laws and independent legislation by local authorities is generated. Japan accepts various forms of ordinances through respect to the relationship with the laws and independent legistration by the local authorities. Moreover, Japan enables the extensive approaches for legislation of diverse independent ordinances by the creative efforts of local authorities through decentralization reformation. In addition, local authorities can implement independent local administration suitable for local conditions through independent interpretation of laws. The expansion of the ordinance legislation demonstrated by the local authorities in Japan is significant on the aspects that laws are properly interpreted and implemented suitable for local conditions for unique solutions against challenges and policy implementation in each region and unique, independent and creative local autonomy is realized by unique ordinance legislation suitable for each region and its features. The discussion on decentralization and ordinance legislation in Japan explained above is meaningful to Korea with respect to the decentralization reformation of local authorities as well as the independent legislation by the local authorities in Korea.

行政節次法의 運用과 展望

張校湜(Jang, Kyo-Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2011 土地公法硏究 Vol.53 No.-

현대행정에 있어서 행정절차는 사전적 구제수단으로서의 의미를 갖을 뿐만 아니라 국민의 행정에의 참여라는 측면에서도 중요하다. 행정절차법은 행정절차에 관한 공통적인 사항을 규정함으로써 국민의 행정참여를 도모하고 행정의 공정성ㆍ투명성 및 신뢰성을 확보를 목적으로 하였다. 행정절차법을 제정하여 시행한지 10년을 넘기는 현시점에서 그동안의 운영현황을 점검하고 법원의 판례를 분석함으로써 그 성과와 향후과제에 대하여 진단할 필요가 있다. 물론 그동안 행정절차법의 제정에 따라 행정에 있어서 국민이나 주민은 단순한 행정객체에서 벗어나 행정처분ㆍ행정입법 등 행정작용 과정에 참여함으로써 행정의 민주화에 기여하였다. 또한 국민의 이해와 신뢰를 바탕으로 행정목적을 달성할 수 있고 행정절차 운영경험과 행정관례의 축적에 따라 업무처리가 표준화되어 장기적으로는 행정능률의 향상에도 기여한 것도 사실이다. 하지만 이러한 행정절차법의 제정과 시행에도 불구하고 여전히 미흡한 부분도 적지 않다. 따라서 행정기관의 행정절차의 운영현황을 분석하여 그 문제점을 도출하고 그에 대한 해결책을 찾고, 나아가 행정절차법의 개정방안을 제안하고자 한다. 행정절차는 그 유용성에도 불구하고 결국은 제도와 법을 운용하는 주체의 의지와 국민의 깨어 있는 의식이 중요한 바, 지속적인 평가와 감시를 통한 진단 및 개선이 수반되어야 한다. Administrative procedures in the modern administration is important in terms of citizen’s participation in administration as well as preventive remedies. The purpose of Administrative Procedures Act is to attain fairness, transparency, and confidence in administration and to encourage citizen’s participation in administration by stipulating the common matters regarding administrative procedures. 10 years later, since enactment and enforcement of Administrative Procedures Act, the diagnosis is needed regarding the achievements and future tasks by checking the operation status and analyzing the decisions of the courts. According to the enactment of Administrative Procedures Act, of course, citizens or residents in administration have contributed to the democratization of the administration by participating in the process of administrative action such as administrative measure or administrative legislation beyond mere administrative objects. In addition, the administrative purpose can be achieved based on understanding and trust of the people, and business processes are standardized by the management experience of administrative procedures and the accumulation of administrative practices, so it is true that administrative efficiency has been improved in the long term. Despite the enactment and the enforcement of Administrative Procedures Act, however, it still leaves something to be desired. Therefore, this paper would like to draw the problem, to find the solution for the problem, and to offer the revision of Administrative Procedures Act by analyzing the current state of administrative procedures of administrative agencies. Even though usefulness of administrative procedures, the will of the subject who operates the system and the legislation and the awareness of citizens are important in the end, so the diagnosis and the improvement through continuous assessment and monitoring should be involved.

노인주거복지시설에 관한 고찰

張校湜(Jang, Kyo-Sik),宣恩燰,(Seon, Eun-Ae) 한국토지공법학회 2011 土地公法硏究 Vol.52 No.-

사회발전과 후손의 양육에 이바지해 온 노인은 후손에게 존경을 받으며 안정된 생활을 하여야 할 자이다. 노인은 의학기술의 발달로 인한 평균수명의 증가와 저출산에 따른 인구구조의 문제 등으로 그 수가 급격히 증가했다. 노인 인구의 증가는 여러 사회적인 문제로 나타났다. 특히 노인의 경제적 수입의 한계와 노령으로 인하여 혼자 거주하기 어려움을 갖기 때문에 노인주거복지시설에 관한 부분이 대두되었다. 노인주거복지시설의 증가에 따라 노인주거복지시설내의 노인입소자의 권리침해와 복지향상이 문제가 된다. 따라서 노인주거복지시설에 관한 관리.감독상의 문제점과 그 시설내의 노인입소자의 권리침해의 가능성과 현황을 살펴보고 이와 관련된 법적.제도적 분석을 통해 노인주거복지시설내의 노인입소자의 권리보호와 복지향상을 위해 나아가야 할 방향을 제시할 필요가 있다. 우리나라의 경우 노인주거복지시설의 관리.감독의 의무를 가지는 국가 및 지방자치단체는 서비스 전달체계가 상하 수직적이어서 효율적이지 못하며 노인주거복지시설을 체계적이고 독립적으로 담당하는 기관이 없다. 이에 따라 노인주거복지시설내의 노인입소자의 권리침해에 대해 사전적인 구제가 아닌 사후적인 구제를 할 수 밖에 없다는 문제점이 드러난다. 노인주거복지시설내의 노인입소자의 권리 보호와 복지향상을 위하여 국가 및 지방자치단체의 수직적인 서비스 체계에 대해서 중앙부서인 보건복지부가 기본정책이나 사업계획의 기본설정을 제시하며 행정상 감독이나 재정적 지원을 하여야 한다. 지방자치단체는 자율성을 가지고 효율적인 서비스를 제공하여야 한다. 또한 노인주거복지시설의 관리.감독부서의 이원화의 문제점은 노인주거복지시설을 독립적으로 전담할 수 있는 기관을 신설해야 한다. 그리고 시설내의 노인입소자의 권리 침해에 대한 사전적인 구제가 가능하도록 옴부즈만제도를 도입해야 한다. 그리고 노인주거복지시설에 대한 민간전담기구를 편성하여 제3자를 통한 서비스의 질을 평가할 수 있는 제도가 도입되어야 한다. The aged people who have contributed to national and social development and the cultivation of their posterity are those who should be respected by them and live a stable life. The number of the aged population is rapidly increasing with the increase of the average life due to the development of medical technologies, the problem of the population structure induced by low birth rate and the like. The increase of the aged population has caused several social problems, of which they have a limit of income in economic terms. And the residential welfare facility for the aged has come to a forefront because they can live a single life due to their old age. With the increase of residential welfare facilities for the aged due to the increase of the aged population and the increase of institutionalized old people, the violation of the rights of old residents in the residential welfare facility and the improvement of their welfare have come to a forefront as a social problem. Accordingly, this study attempts to investigate the problem of management and supervision of the residential welfare facility and the aged and the possibility and present situation of the violation of rights of the old people residing in the facility. And it attempts to present a direction for the protection of rights of old people residing in the residential welfare facility for the aged and the improvement of their welfare through legal and institutional analysis related to this. In Korea, national government and local government have a duty of managing and supervising residential welfare facilities for the aged. So the service delivery system is not efficient due to its top-down vertical structure. And there is no agency in charge of residential welfare facilities for the aged in a systematic and independent way. Accordingly, ex post factor relief, not prior relief, is made possible for the violation of rights of old people residing in the residential welfare facility for the aged. Accordingly, to protect the rights of old people residing in the residential welfare facility for the aged and improve their welfare, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the administrative agency of national government, should present the basic policy or program of the vertical service delivery system and provide administrative supervision and financial support for it. And local government should provide efficient service for them with autonomous authority. And it is necessary to establish the agency which can be in charge of the residential welfare facility for the aged in an independent way as it is managed and supervised by different agencies. And it is necessary to introduce the Ombudsman system making its prior relief possible in relation to the violation of rights of old people residing in the facility. And it is necessary to organize the private body exclusively in charge of residential welfare facilities for the aged and introduce the service quality evaluation system through the third party.

일본의 원자력 정책의 전환과 향후 과제에 관한 고찰

장교식(Jang, Kyo-Sik) 한국토지공법학회 2015 土地公法硏究 Vol.71 No.-

올 한해는 어느 해 보다도 원전에 대한 갈등과 논의가 뜨겁다. 고리1호기 첫 폐로 결정에서부터 새로운 원전부지 선정에 대한 후보지 주민의 반발에 이르기까지 어느 하나 쉬운 해법이 보이지 않는다. 일본 또한 후쿠시마 사고 이후 원전의 향후 정책에 대한 논의가 가열되었다. 이후 원전에 대한 정책의 전환이 이루어졌음에도 불구하고 여전히 갈등은 봉합되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 일본의 원자력발전과 발전소 현황을 살펴보고 후쿠시마 사고 전후의 원자력 정책의 전환과정을 살펴보았다. 이를 토대로 우리의 원자력 발전과 정책의 시사점을 찾고 해법을 모색하여 보았다. 특히, 우리나라의 원자력법 체계가 일본과 미국의 법령을 기초로 만들어졌다는 점에서 일본 원자력제도의 변화는 우리나라에 시사하는 점이 크다. 원자력선 무츠호 방사능 누출사고, JCO 핵임계사고, 후쿠시마 핵사고까지 다양한 사고를 경험하면서 일본의 원자력 정책은 수정과 보완을 거듭해왔다. 그리고 우리나라도 일본과 마찬가지로 에너지의 많은 부분을 원자력에 의존하고 있는 만큼 일본의 에너지 문제를 통해 우리의 정책을 재검토할 필요가 있다고 여겨진다. 아울러, 일본이 원전 재가동을 통해 원자력 관련 산업 및 기업을 육성하겠다는 정책은 우리산업이나 기업에게 위협과 기회로 작용할 것이므로 관련동향을 주목할 필요가 있을 것이다. 한편 일본의 원자력 발전소 행정규제절차는 입지선정단계에서 폐지조치단계에 이르기까지 잘 정비되어 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 원자력 사고는 한번 발생하면 대형 재난이 되기 때문에 이에 대한 엄격한 관리와 감독이 요구된다 할 것이다. 따라서 이에 대한 행정규제도 철저하게 이루어지는 것이 필요하다. 원전관련 부품비리사건을 접할 때 마다 우리 원전에 대한 관리․감독에 대한 걱정이 앞선다. 이러한 측면에서 일본의 관리․감독시스템은 좋은 모델이 될 수 있다. 또한, 국민들의 불안함을 해소하기 위하여 여론을 수렴하기 위한 다양한 방법을 모색하여야 한다. 일본에서는 대규모의 사고가 있을 때마다 수차례의 간담회를 통해 국민들의 의사를 묻거나 내각 결정과 국회 논의를 통해 주요 쟁점에 대한 찬반 토론과 수정안이 제출되고 있다. 이러한 일본의 다양한 의견수렴과정은 소수의 전문가와 관료에 논의가 국한되는 우리에게 시사하는 바가 크다. 그리고 원자력 문제는 민감한 기술공학적․사회가치적 이슈를 다루는 문제이기에 전문가 그룹의 합의와 공감대 형성으로 과학적 근거를 도출하고 이를 바탕으로 사회적 의사결정과정의 민주성․합리성․효율성을 극대화하는 방향으로 합의를 이끌어 내야 한다. This year, there have been heated dispute and debate over a nuclear power plant. In fact, nothing has been easy including the shutdown of KORI-1 and nomination of a candidate site for a new nuclear plant due to strong resistance from the locals. In Japan as well, there was a fierce dispute over nuclear power since the Fukushima disaster. Despite a shift in nuclear policies, the conflict still exists. Therefore, this study investigated the current status of nuclear power generation and plant in Japan and reviewed shift in Japan’s nuclear policies since the Fukushima nuclear accident. Then, the implications of the development of nuclear power and its policies and solutions were searched. In particular, changes in Japan’s nuclear power systems have a significant implication on the Republic of Korea in that South Korea’s nuclear act is developed based on Japanese and U.S. laws. After going through diverse disasters such as radiation leaks from nuclear power ship ‘Mutsu,’ JCO criticality accident and Fukushima nuclear accident, Japan’s nuclear policies have been amended and improved repeatedly. We also need to review our nuclear policies because we are as heavily dependent on nuclear energy as Japan. In addition, Japan’s policy to nurture nuclear power companies and industries by restarting nuclear reactors could be a threat and opportunity to our companies and industries. Therefore, it is important to closely watch the trend of related industries. Meanwhile, Japan’s nuclear administrative procedures are systematic and well organized from the selection of a nuclear site to its shutdown. Since a nuclear accident can be catastrophic once it occurs, strict control and supervision are essential. In other words, thorough administrative regulations are required as well. Whenever corruption over nuclear scandal is reported, therefore, we become very concerned about the control and supervision of nuclear power. From this aspect, Japan’s nuclear power control & supervision system could be a good example for us. In addition, it is important to look for diverse ways to accept public opinions to calm people’s anxiety ad concern. In Japan, whenever a large-scale accident takes place, citizens’ thoughts were heard through the repetition of a session. In addition, there have been a debate on major controversies, and a revised draft has been submitted. This kind of acceptance of diverse opinions in Japan sends a meaningful message to the Republic of Korea where key issues are discussed among few experts and high-rank officials only. Because technology-engineering and socially valuable issues are handled in a nuclear power sector, a scientific ground is derived by forming a mutual consent and empathy among experts. Then, a social consent should be obtained in a way to maximize democracy, rationality and efficiency in making a social decision.