전 바나듐계 레독스-흐름전지 및 응용에 관한 연구

이한섭,강현춘,강안수 용인대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.2 No.1

Redox-flow battery has been studied actively as one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage systems for a wide range of applications such as electric vehicles, photovoltaic arrays, and excess power generated by electric power plants. By employing the same active material in both half-cell electrolytes, problems of cross-contamination inherent in other types of redox flow batteries, such as the Fe/Cr system, are eliminated in the all vanadium systems. To date, Selemion CMV and Nafion 117 as the cation exchange membrane have been the most widely used material in the research and development of all vanadium redox-flow battery. Despite of excellent results, the long-term stability of the Selemion CMV membrane in the all vanadium redox-flow battery is limited by the oxidizing nature of vanadium and Nafion 117 is too expensive. The cell resistivity of discharging periods was higher than charging periods in the microflow cell, and higher the state of charge, higher the cell resistivity with the same kind of membranes. The lowest cell resistivities of the Selemion CMV and PE-50 at state of charge 0% were 8.34Ω·㎠ and 13.15Ω·㎠, respectively.

활성탄소 분말과 탄소섬유 전극을 이용한 유기계 EDLC의 전기화학적 특성

강안수 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

Electrodes made from activated carbon powder and carbon fiber were used with PC, DMF and GBL as a solvent and TEABF₄,TEABF₄,TEABF 6, and TEABF6 as an activated material(electrolytes). The concentrations of electrolytes were in the range of 0.2~1.2 N, the volume ratios of PC and DMF as a mixed solvent system, were 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, and 40:60 vol%. Electrochemical properties such as electric conductivity, internal resistance, and electric capacitance of fabricated unit cells were measured after the moisture of activated material was removed with molecular sieve. Electrochmical properties were better in mixed solvents system than in mono solvent system. The best mono solvent system was 1.0 N electrolyte of γ-butyrolactone/TEABF₄with activated carbon powder and carbon fiber electrode. and the best mixed solvent system was PC and DMF/TEABF₄above mentioned with carbon electrode showed the best electrochemical properties, such as internal resistance 0.273 Ω, and specific capacitance 20.9 F/g respectively.

당분중 물의 등온 흡착선

강안수 명지대학교 1982 明大論文集 Vol.13 No.-

설탕, 글루코오스, 말토오스 및 과당 등 식품중 물의 등온흡착관계가 계의 온도 40, 60 및 80℃ 그리고 공기중 물의 활동도가 0.02∼0.9 사이에서 측정되었다. 많은 식품류에서 상온에서 등온흡착실험 자료는 충분하다. 그러나 고온에서 측정시 장치 및 기술상 문제점이 많다. 본 연구에서는 20여 종의 시료를 동시에 조건을 맞춘 다음 평형상태에 도달한 후 다른 시료에 영향을 주지 않도록 꺼내어 수분함율을 측정할 수 있는 회전원판식 등온흡착 장치를 새로 고안하여 등온흡착관계를 찾아내었다. 실험결과 식품중 물의 등온흡착선의 온도 의존성을 알 수 있었다. 또 고온에서 물의 등온흡착선은 건조공정, 방향물질의 보존도, 미생물의 번식 및 식품의 포장 및 보관에 깊은 관계가 있다. 일반적인 고체식품에서 수분함율이 일정할 때 계의 온도가 높아지면 물의 활동도도 증가한다. 즉 높은 온도에서 식품의 흡습성은 줄어든다. 그러나 당분은 온도가 높아지면 시료가 주위의 습기를 빨아들여 당분이 물에 용해한다. 이 때문에 설탕, 글루코오스, 말토오스 및 과당 등의 등온흡착선은 높은 온도에서 일반적인 고체식품과 반대 경향을 나타내었다. Water vapor adsorption isotherms of four food components fructose, glucose, maltose (monohydrate) and saccharose have been measured at water activity, a_w, of 0.02 to 0.9 in the temperature range of 40℃ to 80℃ in a newly designed rotatable-disc sorption apparatus. With these data at different temperature in hand the temperature dependence of sorption isotherms can be evaluated with good approximation. The sorption isotherms of foodstuffs at higher temperatures determine the drying process, retention of volatile aroma, destruction of microorganisms as well as the packing and storage. For solid foodstuffs, an increase in temperature usually increases slightly the activity of water for a given water content. This means that the products are slightly less hygroscopic at higher temperatures. But due to the dissolution of sugar in water, the sorption isotherms of fructose, glucose, maltose and saccharose at higher temperature show important exceptions to this general rule.

噴霧粒子 分布와 噴霧乾燥에서 蒸發速度에 관한 硏究

姜安洙 명지대학교 1977 明大論文集 Vol.10 No.-

This investigation was carried out to observe the drop size distributions from the external mixing convergent type pneumatic atomizers and a computational study of the evaporation rates of sprays in co-current spray drying. Theoretical equation was derived in terms of the axial distance from the nozzle, drop size distributions, drop velocity, not air temperature. and adiabatic saturation temperature of drops. The comparisons of experimental results with the theoretical equation was brought into such conclusions that operational variables wll be decided in designing spray dryer. The thermal efficiency also discussd. The cumulative volume drop size distri-ution of spray from a pneumatic nozzle was fitted by a upper-limit function.

Dibenzo-18-Crown-6 함침 액막에 의한 Tyrosine 의 이동

조정국,우인성,강안수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1985 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Cation of alkali metal form complexes selectively with carrier in organic phase. With these characteristics, complexes were combined with amino acid anions and the diffusional flux of amino acid were facilitated. The transfer rate of tyrosine were studied with the change of stirring speed, initial concentration of tyrosine, carrier concentration, cations of alkali metal and time in order to in creased it. The experiment was carried out to transfer tyrosine from aqueous phase consisting of electrolytes and tyrosine to another aqueous phase consisting of KOH across a immobilized liquid membrane containing cyclic polyether, dibenzo - 18 - crown - 6 dissolved in toluene. The experimental results showed that the transfer rate of tyrosine was increased when the initial concentration of tyrosine and carrier concentration were high. In case of electrolytes added in aqueous phase the transfer rate was increased with the higher concentration of KBO₃ and the smaller concentration difference of hydroxyl ions between each phase. And the transfer rate was linear with concentration difference of tyrosine between each phase.

전기이중층 축전기용 양이온교환막의 광graft 중합에 의한 제조 2. 전기이중층 축전기에의 응용

허진우,이용욱,류철휘,박상희,강안수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Electric double layer capacitor(EDLC) with the principle of charge adsorption/desorption has advantages of much faster charge rate, longer operation life, lower operation temperature, and semi-permanenter maintenance-free charge/discharge cycle life over secondary battery. So EDLC is very useful for the need or rapid charge and momentary high-current-discharge in various electric products, battery for electric vehicle, and supplemental sources of electricity for electric vehicle. In this study, grated film (PE, PP, PE+PP) showed that the internal resistance per unit cell decreased from 20 Ω to 11.9 Ω, the capacitance per unit cell increased from 1.81 F to 1.82 F, and the self-discharge increased from 2.25V to 2.28V in case of initial voltage 2.5V, after 360 mins. In conclusion, the cation exchange membrane by photograft polymerization as a separator of EDLC prepared in the present work had better performance than commonly used commercial separators.

활성탄소계 섬유포 전극을 이용한 전기이중층 커패시터용 유기 전해액의 제조

강안수 대한안전경영과학회 2000 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.2 No.2

전기이중층 축전기용 양이온 교환막의 광graft 중합에 의한 제조 1. 양이온교환막의 제조

임희찬,이용욱,류철휘,박상희,강안수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Graft polymerization is one of the effective methods to synthesize polymeric materials. Ion exchange membranes of prepared by this method have a variety of applications as separators of battery and capacitor, and electrodialysis. The base membranes of polyethylene(PE), Polypropylene(PP) and PE + PP films were photografted with vinyl sulfonic acid sodium salt in vapor phase, where a number of processing and the such as the UV irradiation time and intensity, the concentration of photoinitiator and the reaction temperature were examined. Experimental results showed that the degree of graft polymerization of cation exchange membrane was 63.3%, where the optimum conditions were 1.0 wt% concentration of benzoyl peroxide as initiator, UV irradiation time of 150 mins, UV irradiation intensity of 45,000 lux, and reaction temperature of 55 in the case of PE film.

Aliquat 336 함침액막에 의한 Tryptophan의 이동

이창원,우인성,강안수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1986 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Coupled facilitated diffusion and facilitated diffusion were studied through the immobilized liquid membrane containing Aliquat 336 as a carrier when amino acid ions and anionic ions were allowed to counter-transport. The experiments were carried out to transfer amino acids from basic to acid aqueous phase consisting of secondary solute using the immobilized liquid membrane at 25℃. These liquid membranes were prepared by impregnating the membrane liquids, which were varying concentrations of Aliquat 336 in toluene, into the pores of Fluoropore FGLP-04700. It has been found from the analysis of fluxes of amino acids that the behavior of the immobilized liquid membrane showed a good agreement with the theory, and coupled facilitated diffusion and facilitated diffusion phenomena were observed. And the transfer rate of amino acids were increased when the concentration differences of amino acids and chloride ions (secondary solute), and carrier concentration were high. These phenomena were same in eases where only facilitated diffusion occured, in which the concentration of secondary solute between each phase were equal. And this work exhibited a transport selectivity sequence as follows : tryptophan 〉 hippuric acid tyrosine, and Aliquat 336 was more selective than dibenzo-18-crown-6.

함침액막에서 운반체의 구조에 따른 트립토판의 플럭스

우인성,신석재,안형환,강안수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1991 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The relations between membrane potential and the flux of solutions, which were developed from the molecular structure of quaternary ammonium salts as carrier, have been analyzed for the counter transport system of tryptophan and nitrate anion across the supported liquid membrane. The liquid membrane was prepared by dissolving quaternary ammonium nitrates in toluene. The experimental results showed that the flux of tryptophan increased with increasing the carbon chain length of the alkyl group of carrier in the range of ??∼??, but in case of TDDAN, it decreased because of large membrane potential. The flux of tryptophan with the membrane structure of carrier increased in the order : Aliquat 336N, TOAN, TDDAN, and TDAN.