體育의 原理的 定說 : 本 硏究는 1980年度 文敎部 學術硏究 助成費에 依한 硏究 論文임

吳鎭求 全北大學校 師範大學 1981 사대논문집 Vol.7 No.-

It seems that there has been two fundamental theories of physical education ; one is physical activity and the other is an education through physical activities. It is cristal clear that the above two theories have caused us to mis understand the essence of contemporaly physical education. Being popular on world games and records, people pay keen attention to atheletic sports and tend to think athletic sports entire physical education, Howbeit physical education is a part of education, and it is in accord with the general purpose of education, human-formation. Accordingly I come to believe that we have to recognize true physical education and new methods of it. In this research, therefore, the purpose of research is to define the concepts of physical education, comparing the confused concepts of it. And also I view it as "physical education for the sake of human-formation". I argue that the correct definition of physical education is able to devote to education and physical training as well.

砲丸던지기의 글라이드 動作分析

吳鎭求,權五金 全北大學校附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1987 논문집 Vol.- No.4

The purpose of this study was to present a theoretic support for the efficient glide teaching according to analysis of glide motion which was one of the important techniques of shot put. The subjects consisted of seven athletes and seven non-atletes. Seven athletes were all the high school boy students who took part in the final game of Bihogee (85.7.27). Seven non-athletes were selected in Jeon buk athletic high school. The shot put scenes carried out by these 14 students were recorded in VTR film and analyzed by a reflection. The conclusions were as follows : 1. In the athletic group, the angle of the leg in the glide was 58.7˚and in the nonathletic group, it was 64.1˚. That is, the angle of the leg in the athletic group was smaller 5.4˚on an average than that in the non-athletic group. (P<0.01) 2. In the athletic group, the distance of gravity between the right leg and the left leg in the glide was 67.3㎝ and in the non-athletic group, it was 51.8㎝. That is, the distance of gravity in the athletic group was longer 15.5㎝ on an average than that in the non-athletic group. (P<0.05) 3. In the contrast of the height of gravity of the body and their own height in the glide, the athletic group had the gravity of the body at the place of 40.6% of height and at the place of 46.1% of height in the non-athletic group. That is, the height of gravity in the athletic group was lower 5.5% on an average than that in the non-athletic group. (P<0.01) 4. In the athletic group, the height of gravity of the right leg in the glide was 44㎝ and in the non-athletic group, it was 49㎝. That is, the height of gravity in the athletic group was lower 5㎝ on an average than that in the non-athletic group. (P<0.05) In the athletic group, the height of gravity of the left leg in the glide was 54.2㎝ and in the non-athletic group, it was 50.1㎝. That is, the height of gravity in the non-athletic group was lower 4.1㎝ on an average than that in the athletic group. In the glide, the height of gravity of the left leg was higher 10.2㎝ in the athletic group and 1.1㎝ in the non-athletic group than that of the right leg. 5. In the athletic group, the distance of the glide was 84.4㎝ and in the non-athletic group, it was 59.2㎝. That is, the distance in the athletic group was longer 25.2㎝ on an average than that in the non-athletic group. (P<0.01) 6. In the athletic group, the time of the glide was 0.21 second and in the non-athletic group, it was 0.194 second. That is, the time in the non-athletic group was faster 0.016 second on an average than that in the athletic group. 7. In the athletic group, the velocity of the glide was 4.02m/sec. That is, the velocity in the athletic group was faster 1.14m/sec on an average than that in the non-athletic group. (P<0.01)

아이소키네틱 測定方法에 의한 運動 種目別 脚筋力의 比較硏究

吳鎭求,朴魯信 全北大學校附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1985 논문집 Vol.- No.3

The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare absolute strength, strength ratios, power and endurance of Rugby player, weight lifter and long distance runner in accordance with angular velocities (30˚/sec, 120˚/sec, 180˚/sec, 240˚/sec). The subjects consisted of 27 top level athletes, measuring apparatus was used with cybex-Ⅱ system, T­test was utilized to compare the difference of groups, and significant level was at 0.05. The conclusion was as the followings; 1. In the part of absolute strength, weight lifter's Quadricep was superior to that of long distance runer in 120˚/sec and 240˚/sec(P<.01, P<.05), Rugby player was superior to long distance runner in 30˚/sec(H. O). 120˚/sec(H), and 240˚/sec(H. Q)(P<.01). 2. In the part of strength ratios, Rugby player was superior to weightlifter in 120˚/sec and 240˚/sec(P<.05, P<.01), long distance runner to weight­lifter in 120˚/sec(P<.01), Rugby player to long distance runner in 30˚/sec(P<.01). 3. In the part of power, Rugdy player's hamstring was superior to that of weight­lifter(P<.05), weight­lifter's Hamstring and Quadricep to that of long distance runner(P<.01). 4. In the part of endurance, long distance runner was superior to weight lifter and Rugby player (P<.01, P<.05).

社會 體育의 原理와 構成

吳鎭求 全北大學校 1962 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

It is certain that the healthy growth of a people is a tremendous power that makes a great progress of a nation. So the physical education must be given not only at schools but also in every kind of society. Of course the movement for the school physical education is comparatively weak especially in such a country as Korea, where the teachers have found a lot of difficulties and troubles in both studying and teaching it at schools. And I hope that the citizens will know and acknowledge the importance of the physical education and the government also will find a plan for the development and adoption of the social physical education as a national movement. (1) The social physical education may be here defined as "the systematic education giving joy and healthy condition to the citizens and increasing their social abilities in social life by the physical training and enjoying sports. etc." Consequently the chief aim of the social physical education should be to shape a man who can be helpful and useful to the social welfare and prosperity. (2) And here in my note, the physical education at schools, at kindergardens, in the army or in the police is not treated because they have their own purposes in their special cases, while only the general physical education, which is useful and practical in our social life, is contained and explained; I have divided the method to practise the social Physical education into two systems in the present situation of Korea; the one is what may be called 'municipal physical education', and the other 'office physical education', which I think the best way to apply the physical theory to every day life because they are organized under the similar circumstances and systematically under the guidance of government. (3) The social physical education contains all the sports played in Korea no-wadays, free exercises, folkdance, festal recreation, swimming, boating, climbing mountain and being sunburnt ─etc, which are related with the custom and nature, so that they must be chosen according to the occasion and circumstances. (4) The social physical education has such a relation with hygine that the latter must be considered as equal to the former, and the neessary things, attitude, knowledge. Application about hygine should be also given to the citizens whenever they take the social physical education. (5) When we make a plan and practise it, it will be the most convenient to divide the citizens into three groups; the municipal group, office group and amateur group that is fond of the same sport, and also the guiding, supervising, equipment with sport things should be carefully ready in order to be succesful of it. Though we have a good plan and brilliant futual ideal for social physical education to realize, it is impossible to fulfil it without any satisfactory facilities for it. It could be possible at schools, where though the equipment is poor we have at least teachers, playground and some other simple facilities. However, in the social physical education the educational institutions should be prepared for the accompaniment of our citizen's healthy life. The citizens, generaly workers in a sense, work nearly all day long at their offices and factories, only to find a few hours to spare: if there is no institution for their physical growth unfortunately, they can never enjoy their precious time doing their favorable sports. because of that, every sort of physical institution should wait for the citizens at any time, everywhere. Of course the free exercises and promenade do not need the physical facilities, but the circumstances in which they find themselves are one of the great surroundings, so that the circumstance itself must be cleanly beantiful and inviting to the citizens. Therefore the physical facilities are the primary conditions to realize the ideal, and the following equipments shoud come into being in order to get a good result from our plan. (1) The play ground and its dependent facilities. (2) The pleasure-ground for children and its facilities. (3) Park and its facilities. (4) Gymnasium, pool, hiking-course and skating rink. The most important and urgent of the above facilities are playground and pleasure ground. Together with the above facilities we should have good leaders, who are so few in Korea that we must train them enough to attain our purpose. Temporarily the physical teachers of the existing schools should be hired and be charge of this great responsibility and then 'A national physical education society' schould be established, while the branch society in each province studies the problems about social physical education scientifically according to the system of municipality and governmental offices. The conditions(gualities) the leaders should be equipped with acknowledge culture, character, passion and love so that they may understand the citizens fully and may co-operate with one another and the some purpose. When this composition and management of the social physical education are well working everywhere in Korea, and all the citizens participate in the national physical movement, a wonderful result will come out before us unexpectedly, of which I am sure. The principle and organization of the social physical education.

90年代에 있어서의 韓國 靑少年 學生의 身體發達에 對한 推定硏究

吳鎭求 全北大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

A statistic analysis has been conducted in order to forecast junior and senior high school students'(6 to 17) physical progress(standing height, body weight, chest circumference) in 1990s. The data have been collected on the basis of whole students' physical inspections for 14 years. Nowadays most nationas revealed that after World War Ⅱ, their mean height had far grown. I'm wondering those physical developments came from better life style or nutrition condition or heredity, physical exercise in schools or sports activities. Some argue that young people's maturation get fast in general. The purpose of this research is to explore the cause of prematurity of Korean students. Taking a look at the results of data analyses, among others height development which had strong genetic effect, are quite different from those of the past. The striking is the fact that height developments will get grown 3.01㎝ (M) and 3.25㎝ (F), ten years ahead(1978~1991). We predict Koreans getting bigger from now on, with the height growth rate of 2.78㎝(M) and 4.62㎝(F) among others in the ag of maturity, 17. With the striking phenomena on female, the difference of height between male and female, was 10㎝ in 1977. The data depicts it will be 8.16㎝, indicating female's tall stature. These findings are in reverse of the past phenomena. New findings are : Male groups are tending in premature and female groups tend to be mature later than male. Growth rate of body weight and chest circumference has shown similar figure to that of height. However the growth rate of body thickness and width are far lagged behind to that of height. It is estimated that body structure becomes slim and tall among others to 13 to 15. Female groups are stronger than female groups. The factors affecting the above finding are presumed as follow : it is caused by lacking of physical move according to drastic econcmic growth and convenient life style, and malnutrition and mental stress from over study for the preparation of higher school entrance examination. Therefore I suggest : a) to improve the entrace exam system and b) to intensify school gymn.

鍛鍊度에 따른 Warming up 運動負荷의 强度와 量과 持續時間에 關한 硏究

吳鎭求 全北大學校 1969 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

韓國 靑壯年 職場人의 體力에 關한 基礎硏究

吳鎭求 圓光大學校 體育學會 1973 體育學會誌 Vol.- No.1

幼兒 Coordinatiom Field Test의 妥當性 檢討와 그 發達傾向에 對한 硏究

吳鎭求 全北大學校 師範大學 1982 사대논문집 Vol.8 No.-

Nowadays in Korea sports aptitude, early diagnosis and its adequate prescription, and the necessity of tranining have especially been a matter of concern in the face of two big events, the Asian Games in 1986 and the Olympic Games in 1988. The physical strength of our children has been measured and evaluated by various methods but such attempts are only a primary test. Better and more thorongh evaluations are thought to be made by re-examining coordination on it. The factor of physical strength evaluated chiefly br the nervous system is divided into many fields, but when we synthesize it a single factor, coordination appears to be the most important element. This paper aims to reexamine the validity of coordination by choosing 4 kinds of field tests and studying the development tendency according to the ages of children (from 5 to 12 years old). The results of the measurement and evaluation on the 362 subjects―selected kindergarten and primary school children at random―are as follows : 1. The following four test items have full reliability as a discriminating index of change. Jump Over & Crawl Under, side jumps, Zigzag run, and stick reaction time. 2. Development of coordination is apparent in the Children from 5 to 12 years ald. In view of the fact that the records of the second test are better than those of the first, it is shown that performance is increased by training.

作業形態別로 본 體力의 比較硏究

吳鎭求 全北大學校附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1988 논문집 Vol.- No.5

남녀대학생(男女大學生)의 년령별(年齡別) 체력(體力)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) - 전북대학생(全北大學生)을 중심(中心)으로 -

吳鎭求(JinKooOh) 한국체육학회 1975 한국체육학회지 Vol.11 No.-

Yearly examination of physical strength of college students is extremely important, in order to let them find out their own bodily condition, and take suitable exercise. So I’m hopeful that this study will be useful and be ameasure of the current situation.In the light of the results of examination this year of 1,823 boys and 344 girls (total 2,167 students) of Jeonbug National Universtiy, I established statistical hypothes and tests for the purpose of searching for the relationship between their ages and the items studied.1) 50 M. Run. Table 1-2, and Table 1-3 show that the relationship between students ages and the 50 meter run is not significant, sonull-hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted. In other words, the male group’s ability to run 50meters improved until 20 years of age and thereafter decreased by degrees (mean and T-scoer.) However according to assorting table the more old they are the better scores they tend to get. In the female group also, alternative hypothes is was accepted (see Table 1-2) and the best students for the 50 meter run are 18 to 19 years of age. In the female group the older they are the worse scorethey get, in contrast with the male group.Male group’s coefficience of contin gency stands at 0.1772 but the female group’s 0.3774. I found that the female group’s difference of score by age was big. This analysis proves that women’s growing peak comes earlier than that of men and declines faster; That means women have to maintain continualy their level of body muscle, mainly leg muscle.2) Endurance Run (Men;1,000 M., Women:800M.). According to our rosults, men of 19 to 21, on the averge, run most rapidly, simultaneously their T-score is mostly high. On the other hand, in the women’s group, those of 18 to 19 made the best records.Taking a look at an indepence-test betw ean the enderance run and students ages, and two other tests (see Table 2-2 & 2-3) there was significant difference between ages and body strengh at the level of .05, so that alternative hypothesis is accepted accordingly ages make body strength difference. Like the situtation of the 50 M. run, boy students after 21 are on the best records and the ir body strength declines gradually, however on the contrary, the bodystrength of girl students after 19 takes a very fast slope. The female group’s coeficieace of contingency was bigger than that of the male group.3) Standing Broad Jump: Boys’n girls of 19 both are at the standing broad jump, however the boy’s T-score showed 49.3 and the girls, 62.2, promienently higher than boys’. The boys’ coefici-ence of variation run 0.0508 and the girls, 0.0209. Accordingly the men’s variation is higher than women’s. That means that is the male group, records differ greatly byage. Table 3-2 & Table 3-3 indicate the independent test for distribution. Analyzing those tables the male groups were significant at the leyel of .05 so that we find the correlation between age levers and standing broad jump. Hower in the female group, there is no correlation between age level and the scores of the standing broad jump and Independence was found between them. Null hypothesis is accepted at the level of .05 significance. In other words for title boys after 19 years of age, the older they are the the lower their spores are. It is easy to see that in the female group, there is no statistic significance among every level of age; Looking at mean and T-scores, there was significant difference only for the standing broad jump, among each age level, but looking at the independent statistic hypothesis test, difference is not significant at the .05 level. I believe these phenomena are caused by the fact that girls’ muscles consist mainly of leg muscle keeping the power of the muscle inpsite of their getting old. Hower there is another factor which applies only lot he standing broad jump: The student are very accustomed to it and skillfull at it, having running races every day since babyhood.4)Grip Strength: Comparing the boys group and girls group by mean and T-scores scores for grip strength incresed according to increasing ages. And the coefficience of variation was almost the same in both groups. In the statistic independent tests, it is proved that in the male group, the older they are, the better scores they get, and also the level of ages and grip strength are signficant at the level of .05 and have correlation between them. On the other hend in the female group, the older they were, the lower scores they get. So there was no correlation at the .05 level between age levels and grip strength. Alternative hypothesis was therefore accepted. In short, it was proved that according to increasing age, the boys’ scores went up aad girls’ down.5)Pnll-up(Flexed Arm Hang for women): Examining mean and T-scores in the male group generaly speaking, the scores went up with age. However in the female group, the peak was 18 years of age; thereafter it tended to go down. The pull-up or flexed arm hang is planned for the purpos of testing the oscillating duration power. The former is for boys and the latter, girls. Both methods use their own body weight, the value they take, does not imply their arms' osciliating durtion power but their strength compared to theirhbody weight. According to increasing age, the: boys' scores rose but the girls’ scores fell. The reason might be that as they grow older, boys get light but girls, heavy.6) Shuttle Run: Shuttle run tests the ability of rapid direction shift and speed, the main factor of promptness. In the mean and T-score for men the peak is 18 and thereafter scores go down. In the female group the scores go down after 20. Testing independence, age levels has correlation with the shuttle run at the .05 level of significance in both sexes, Both groups’ shuttle run score tended to decline by increasing age especially in the female group.7) Sit-up: Sit-up tests the osciliating duration power of the stomach-muscle. It weighs the upper half of the body. Taking a look at the mean and T-score,the peak is 19 for bys and 18 years of age for girlss. Their scores dropped with increasing age-Age levels and sit-up scores are significant with each other at the. 05 levef for both sexes. Alternative hypothesism by which the age levels affect sit-up scores was accepted. In the male group the scores are decreased slowly hwile in the female group, decreasing very fast.8)Standing Trunk Flexion: In the mean and T-scores, both female and male groups get peak scores at 18 years of age and thereafter the scores went down with increasing age. Statistical data indicates that their scores slope after becoming college kid. Standard error and coefficiency of variation of the girls* group was bigger than with the boys’ group, implying bigger variance.As we see in Table 8-2 and Table8-3, statistic hypothesis test is significant in thamale group at the .05 level. Generaly speaking, scores sloped with increasing age. Therefore we can accept alternative hypothesis concerning the correlation between age level and scores in the standing trunk flexion. Hower in girls’ group, as stated, data analysis showed that when students grow older, the mean and T-score decline. According to statistic hypothesis test, as seen in Table 8-3, it does not seem necessary to pay attention to slight decreasing tendency in the mean and T-score, because the above two variables have no relationship to each other, Nullhypothesis was accepted at the .05 level.9)Level of Physical Fitness: Classification of general body strength was made by each age level (see Table 9-1 and Table 9-2). From the statistic test, both groups got the highest scores at the age of 18 to 19. After that as they grow older, their scores are decline. Such a tendency is stronger among girl students than boy students. This suggests that we need to pay more attention to cultivating women's body strength. Asv a result of testing both sexes, alternative hypothesis is accepted and there is significant difference between age le ds and the level of body strength at. 05 level.Variance of the college students. age level was from 18 to 27 years of age. According to their age levels, their scores went up or down. Therefore it seems that it is reasonable and meaningful to anadents’ body strength by each age level. In the research upon Jconbug National University students, their age levels consisted of 18 to 27 years of age for boys, and 18 to 23 for girls. It seems certain-that their body strength is quite satisfactory. Comaring to all students' body strength in our coun try, that of these students was very high on the several items (See Table 2-1, Table 5-1, Table 7-1, and Table 8-1). And also compared to Japanese studength the Jeonbug students were (See Table 1-1,3-1,4-1, 7-1 and Table 8-1) Generally, boys of 20 and girs of 19 years of age received the best scores, one year ahead of the national average body strength and of that of Japanese students. (1970) As we see in Tables 1-1 and 1-2 and judging by their 50 meter run scores, in boy’s group the best scores were made by the students of 24 to 27 years of age. It is becouse I guess many of them are retired from army service and they have been keeping their physical exercise during their service.But judging from Table 9-1, and 9-2, the statistic test of level of physical fitness, after the peak ages, then scores are sloping down. The same is true of all students in our country and Japanese students. Such a phenomena seems to be caused by the fact that generally as the students finish their General Course (Freshman year) and as they go on to their sophomore, Junior and Senior courses, they study hard and they study hard and their body strength declines, I suppose. In the female group such a tendency was more prominent. It was found that senor girls have no physical exercise in their university life.