http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
全圭泰 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1974 人文科學 Vol.32 No.-
The relationships between arts and ‘zeitgeist’ should be investigated from two aspects. One of them is the relationship between a writer and his time; this is the problem of defining what influences zeitgeist and environment exert on a writer; the other is to discern what influences a writer and his work exert on his age. The former is the problems of defining how a writer himself harmonize with his own age in the creative process of arts; the latter aims to discuss how much he presents to mankind his unescapable position in terms of social and contemporary values possessed by literature and works of art. However, I maintain that the reciprocal relationship-a influence of background factors such as an age and zeitgeist over a writer and that of a work of art over his age-is nothing but both sides of a coin. But, the duality is entirely a separate fact of literary studies, and this point of view is significant in the history of literature. In this article, the dichotomy of background of thought and that of the time in Koryo songs has been attempted. The main current of thought in Koryo age was of course Buddhism. The Buddhism in Koryo, in particular, functioned on the national and racial basis. Originally, Buddhism aims to negate the present; however, in case of Koryo the religion emphasized real life, seeking national prosperity and individual happiness and achievement on this earth, although it was denying the present. Buddhism, though equalitarians, failed to possess a power to destroy classes because it generously embraced over our customs, manners, and ethical things and thoughts of our tradition. It is to be noted that Buddhism with added elements of shamanism had influenced Koryo songs. Except for approximately 100 years out of 475 years of its reign, Koryo Dynasty was unstable because of continous foreign invasions and because of the weak kings and influential subjects, which resulted in the extreme hardships for the people in general. The investigation has made an attempt to see how the confusing background of the times influenced Koryo songs. Koryo people, suffering from their impoverished and unrewarding daily lives, were in inactive and unhealthy conditions and they were sadistically humiliating themselves. Thus they sought their escape from their hardships in momentary pleasures. However, such sexual and sentimental romances excited the poems in them and they produced numerous love songs. Pleasure seeking people of Koryo expressed their pathetic emotions in the form of self-comforting satire and of metaphorical and cynical pathos. In view of the fact that Koryo songs contains honesty and plainly the joys and sorrows and mind and heart of the people without embelishments and exaggertions, the investigator has placed Koryo songs higher than any other ancient songs of korea.
전규태 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1971 人文科學 Vol.24-25 No.-
In the study of literature in our country, no great attention has been directed to the clear definition of the concept of humor and the intensive exploration of the area of humor. The problem has been discussed, but desultorily, since the P.E.N. meeting held in Seoul in July, 1970. This article is an attempt to ascertain a characteristic of Korean literature through the study of essential elements of humor and its peculiar significance for the Koreans. It is often said that Korean literature is lacking in “laughter.” Most of the Korean literary classics are characterized by their pathos arising from seclusion from the world, despised love, separation from the beloved, nostalgia for bygone days, self-indulgence in intoxication. It is because our ancestors were forced to live in sorrow, lamentation, curse and self-torment, since they were always threatened with external invasion and internal disturbance. It is manifest that out of this gloomy pathos of theirs has grown a humor peculiar to them. The humor to be found in our literature may be classified into two parts: one belongs to the type of “Chuyong-ga” in which the author resigns himself to the realities of life, and the other belongs to the type of “Kooji-ga” in which the author reconciles himself to the realities of life. This article has also confirmed the forms of humors, which are as good as those of any other peoples, contained in ancient Korean narrative literature, such ancient novels as “Baebijang-jun,”“Onggojip-jun,”“Shimchung-jun,” and “Koo Woon Mong,” and the “sijo” of the Yi Dynasty.