Triglyceride의 洗滌性에 關한 硏究 : 基質의 影響 Correlating the substrates

鄭惠嫄 한국의류학회 1984 한국의류학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The effects of Temperature on the removal of triglyceride were studied with soaps having various chain lengths of alkyl group. Cellophane, polyester film and alkali-treated polyester film were soiled with tripalmitin, tagged with C^14, and detergency was evaluated by analysing the tripalmitine on the fabric before and after washing by means of liquid scintillation counting. The results were as following: 1) Triglyceride was completely removed from cellophane in distilled water without surfactant at any temperature, because of the hydrophillic nature of cellulose. The detergency of triglyceride from polyester film fully depended on the state of tripalmitin. The detergency of alkali treated polyester film was better than that of untreated polyester film at lower temperature due to increased hydrophilicity, but worse at higher temperature due to the diffusion of molten tripalmitin into the grooves, formed by alkali treatment. 2) The detergency from polyester film was increased with elevating temperature and after reaching some optimum detergencies, the detergencies were rather decreased with increasing temperature. The temperatures of optimum detergency were shifted to higher with increasing chain length of alkyl group. 3) When the soiled film was baked at 60℃ and 70℃ for 20 min, the detergency vs. temperature was much the same as the case of without-baking. These results indicate that the detergency of triglyceride was largely correlated with the suspending power of surfactants at low temperature and with state of soil and hydrophilicity of substrates with elevating temperature.

$Ca^{2+}$ Inhibitor가 생쥐난자 성숙에 미치는 영향

정혜원,유한기,배인하,Chung, Hye-Won,Yoo, Han-Ki,Bae, In-Ha 대한생식의학회 1992 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.19 No.1

In the present study, it was aimed to find the role of calcium on the maturation of mouse follicular oocytes as well as for the role of calcium inhibitors, $Ni^{2+}$ and $La^{3+}$. Mouse follicular oocytes were cultivated in different media at $37^{\circ}C$, in 100% humidified $CO_2$ incubator for 3 and 17 hrs. The results were as follows; 1. There was no differences in GVBD between the control and experimental groups during the 3 hr culture. 2. Mouse oocytes were matured to higher rate in MHBS rather than HTF for 17 hr culture. 3. Maturation rate was significantly lower in $Ca^{2+}$-free and $Ca^{2+}$ 0.4 mM which were tested, compared to other calcium concentration used in the present study. 4. Calcium inhibitor, $Ni^{2+}$, it showed highest degeneration rate at all calcium concentrations and additionally in $Ni^{2+}$ $100{\mu}M$ treated group next. Maturation rate was significantly decrease as the $Ca^{2+}$ inhibitor concentration increased. 5. In all Lanthanum treated groups of calcium-free, degeneration were significantly high treated groups at 0.4 mM $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations degeneration rates of all group were significantly lower than that of the control but maturation rates were not significantly different in any group. In lanthanum $100{\mu}M$ treated group at 0.4 mM and 0.8 mM calcium concentration, its maturation rate was significantly higher than that of the control. Maturation rates of all groups of lanthanum treated at 1.71 mM calcium concentration were not significantly different among groups. 6. In the calcium treated group (0.4mM-1.7 mM), the presence of phosphate does not seem to be needed for oocyte maturation. However, the presence of phosphate at $Ca^{2+}$ 0.8 mM only seems to stimulated maturation.

Two New Species and Four New Records of holothuroidea from Korea

정혜원,류분조,Jeong, Hye-Won,Ryu, Bun-Jo The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 1998 Korean journal of biological sciences Vol.2 No.1

Two new species, Pentathyone kojinensis n. sp. and Pseudocnus pawsoni n. sp. belonging to the families Sclerodactylidae and Cucumariidae are described. In addition, four species, Thyone bicornis, Thyone fusus chinensis, Thyone micra, and Molpadia changi, are reported as new records from Korea. Pentathyone kojinensis n. sp. closely resembles Cucumaria mirabilis Theel and C. constrica Ohshima in ossicle form, but the latter two species are clearly distinguished from the new species in having the posterior processes of the calcareous ring in several fragments, rather than stout and entire. Pseudocnus pawsoni n. sp. is similar to Cucumaria koraeensis Ostergren in general features and ossicle morphology though it has not biscuit-shaped plates. However, Cucumaria koraeensis has ten tentacles of the same size, unlike Pseudocnus pawsoni n. sp. in which the two ventral tentacles are much smaller than the remaining eight.

자기공명영상의 액체액체층:근골격계 질환에서의 의의

정혜원 대한영상의학회 1998 대한영상의학회지 Vol.38 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency, number and signal intensity of fluid-fluid levels of musculoskeletaldiseases on MR images, and to determine the usefulness of this information for the differentiation ofmusculoskeletal diseases. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 cases in which fluid-fluid levelwas seen on MR images; they were diagnosed histopathologically(24/30), clinically(5/30) orclinicopathologically(1/30). To differntiate these diseases, we determined their frequency, the number offluid-fluid levels and the signal intensity of fluid. Results : MR images revealed fluid-fluid levels in thefollowing diseases : giant cell tumor(6), telangiectatic osteosarcoma(4), aneurysmal bone cyst(3), synovialsarcoma(3), chondroblastoma(2), soft tissue tuberculous abscess(2), hematoma(2), hemangioma(1), neurilemmoma(1),metastasis(1), malignant fibrous histiocytoma(1), bursitis(1), pyogenic abscess(1), and epidermoid inclusioncyst(1). Fourteen benign tumors and ten malignant, three abscesses, and two hematomas were included. Unlike truetumors, hematomas, tuberculous abscesses and the epidermoid inclusion cyst showed only one fluid-fluid level in aunilocular cyst. On T1-weighted images, the signal intensities of fluid varied, but on T2-weighted images,superior layers were in most cases more hyperintense than inferior layers. Conclusion : Because fluid-fluid layersare a nonspecific finding, it is difficult to specifically diagnose each disease according to the number offluid-fluid levels or signal intensity of fluid. In spite of the nonspecificity of fluid-fluid levels, they werefrequently seen in cases of giant cell tumor, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, aneurysmal bone cyst, and synovialsarcoma. Nontumorous diseases such as abscesses and hematomas also demonstrated this finding.

헹굼성 평가를 위한 세액의 전기전도도 측정과 기존 방법의 비교

정혜원,사미현,송화순,송유선,Chung, Hae-Won,Sa, Mi-Hyun,Song, Wha-Soon,Song, Yu-Seon 한국섬유공학회 2008 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Drum-type washing machines are gaining in popularity because they have the advantages of a higher washing performance and water conservation. On the other hand, drum-type machines, which have a lower wash liquor-to-fabric ratio, call into question rinsing efficiency. Though rinsing performance is one of the most important factors in effective washing, a criterion method for measuring the rinsing performance has not yet been established. We have used existing methods to evaluate the rinsing performances. In addition, we suggest a method of measuring the electrical conductivity of detergent solutions and verify the relationships with the existing methods. The load was washed once and rinsed from 0 to 5 times. After rinsing, the load was moved to the higher spin extractor, and the extracted solution was measured for alkalinity (IEC 60456), PBIS concentration (AS/NZS 2040.1), LAS concentration, pH and the electrical conductivity of the NaCl solution (KS C 9608) to evaluate the rinsing efficiency. Moreover, LAS in the fabric after the rinsing process was extracted with water by soxhlet and measured. After each step in the laundering process, the load was spun at 600 rpm, 800 rpm or 1000 rpm. Except for the pH method, every other method, which was expressed per unit fabric weight, almost showed the same tendencies as the number of rinses increased. Though, the method of measuring the electrical conductivity of the detergent solutions especially showed the highest correlation with other methods, that method is labor efficient. Therefore measuring the electrical conductivity of detergent solution in this fashion was an efficient way to evaluate rinsing performance.

효소세제에 첨가한 과탄산나트륨이 세척효과에 미치는 영향

정혜원,유지혜,방종호 한국의류학회 2002 한국의류학회지 Vol.26 No.7

Changes in laundering habits and the efficacy claims made for oxygen bleach added to detergents necessitate a deeper investigation into the testing of the washing efficacy of detergents and washing process. The effect of the addition of a sodium percarbonate and bleach activator TAED to an enzyme containing detergent on the soil removal and antimicrobial properties were investigated with the measuring of residual H_2O_2. The addition of sodium percarbonates to enzyme containing detergent lowered the soil removal of EMPA 116 cloth. But sodium percarbonates had greater effects on that of colored stained cloths such as EMPA 115 and artificially soiled with wine and red pepper while they were presoaked at 20℃ or higher for 30 minutes or longer. Most of hydrogen peroxide was remained after washing. Over 99.9% of Staphylococcus aureus on the cotton cloth was removed in every washing solutions, but the cloth washed with eazyme containing detergent or detegent with oxygen bleach didn't show the antimicrobial property.

비순수 위계적 자료 분석을 위한 교차분류 다층모형과 다중소속 다층모형의 비교

정혜원 한국교육평가학회 2017 교육평가연구 Vol.30 No.4

This simulation study was designed to compare the cross-classified versus multiple membership multilevel models to properly model non-pure hierarchical data. More specifically the simulated conditions were considered as follows: intraclass correlation (0.15, 0.25), non-pure hierarchical data rate (20%, 40%), level-two sample size (30, 50, 100) and level-one sample size (10, 30, 50). Differences were investigated in regard to the relative biases of parameter estimates and correct identified rates using model fit between cross-classified versus multiple membership multilevel models under the variety of manipulated conditions. The results supported the selection of multiple membership multilevel model over cross-classified multilevel model to handle non-pure hierarchical data in the conditions with higher intraclass correlation, higher non-pure hierarchical data rate, and larger number of level-two and level-one sample size. 본 모의실험연구는 비순수 위계적 자료를 적절하게 반영할 수 있도록 개발된 교차분류 다층모형과 다중소속 다층모형을 소개하고, 두 모형을 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. 구체적으로, 본 연구는 급내상관계수(0.15, 0.25), 비순수 위계적 자료 비율(20%, 40%), 2-수준 표본수 (30, 50, 100)와 1-수준 표본수(10, 30, 50)의 조건들을 고려한 모의자료를 생성하여 교차분류 다층모형과 다중소속 다층모형을 적용하였을 경우 모수추정치의 상대편의성과 모형적합도를 이용한 적합선택비율을 비교하였다. 모의실험결과 급내상관계수, 비순수 위계적 자료 비율, 1-수준과 2-수준 표본수가 클수록 교차분류 다층모형보다 다중소속 다층모형을 선택하여 적용하는 것이 더 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

詩的 경험의 形象化

鄭蕙瑗 成均館大學校 國語國文學科 1983 成大文學 Vol.22 No.1

A Comparison of Three Bayesian Point Estimates for Cross-Classified Multiple Membership Growth Curve Modeling

정혜원,전현정,박소영 한국교육학회 2021 敎育學硏究 Vol.59 No.7

This simulation study evaluated parameter recovery in cross-classified multiple membership growth curve modeling under a variety of manipulated conditions, including prior distributions (inverse Wishart and uniform distributions), number of measurement occasions (3, 5), number of groups (30, 50, 100), average group size (20, 40), and non-pure hierarchical data rates (20%, 40%). Three Bayesian point estimates were compared: the posterior mean, the posterior median, and the posterior mode. With the inverse Wishart prior, the posterior mean estimates for the between-school variances in the intercept and slope were substantially overestimated with 50 groups or less, while the posterior mode estimates were substantially underestimated. The posterior median estimates were substantially biased with 30 groups or less. With the uniform prior, the posterior mean, posterior median, and posterior mode estimates of the between-school variances in the intercept and slope were substantially overestimated. In general, with the inverse Wishart prior, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) posterior median is recommended for cross-classified multiple membership growth curve modeling, except under certain conditions. With the uniform prior, the MCMC mode is recommended for estimating cross-classified multiple membership growth curve modeling rather than the MCMC posterior mean or posterior median.

친수화처리 PET 직물에서 지용성오염의 제거

정혜원,S. Kay Obendorf 한국의류학회 1992 한국의류학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The influences of hydrophilic treatment of the PET fabric on soiling and detergency of triolein were studied. The amounts of residual triolein were determined by radiotracer analysis, and distributions of the unsaturated oils on the fabric were evaluated by backscattered electron images. The removal of triolein was increased when the PET fabrics were treated. SRP pretreatment was more effective on the oily soil removal than the of addition of SRP in the detergent. The oily soil of triolein only was packed between the fibers, but mixed soil was distributed around the fibers. When the mixed soil was used, detergent solution could penetrate the continuous interfiber capillaries, this would be one of the reasons that mixed soil was removed more extensively.