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A Systematic study on the growth of GaN single crystals using the Na-based fluxmethod
M. Kawahara,Y. Yamada,H. Umeda,M. Morishita,F. Kawamura,M. Yoshimura,Y. Mori,T. Sasaki 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2005 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.6 No.2
To obtain bulk gallium nitride (GaN) single crystals applicable as the substrate for GaN homoepitaxial growth, we have adopted the Na flux method with some modifications. Assuming that a key reaction of this method is nitrogen dissolution into a flux, we considered both the gas composition and the liquid phase composition. The use of ammonia gas had effects in lowering the threshold pressure for the GaN growth compared with the nitrogen gas which had been used in the original Na flux method. The composition change from pure Na to a mixture of Ca and Na for the flux also brought some favorable effects such as lowering the threshold pressure, and an improvement in the crystal transparency. Finally, the liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) technique along with the Na-based flux method led to the growth of bulk GaN single crystals with much lower dislocation densities than the seed crystals.
RUNX1–Survivin Axis Is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors
Masamitsu Mikami,Tatsuya Masuda,Takuya Kanatani,Katsutsugu Umeda,Hidefumi Hiramatsu,Hirohito Kubota,Tomoo Daifu,Atsushi Iwai,Etsuko Yamamoto Hattori,Kana Furuichi,Saho Takasaki,Sunao Tanaka,Yasuzumi M 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a highly aggressive pediatric malignancy with no effective therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a target for the development ofnovel molecule-targeting therapeutic agents. In this study, we report the importance of the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and RUNX1–Baculoviral IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) Repeat-Containing 5 (BIRC5/survivin) axis in the proliferation of MRT cells, as it can be used as an ideal target for anti-tumor strategies. The mechanism of this reaction can be explained by the interaction of RUNX1 with the RUNX1-binding DNA sequence located in the survivin promoter and its positive regulation. Specific knockdown of RUNX1 led to decreased expression of survivin, which subsequently suppressed the proliferation of MRT cells in vitro and in vivo. We also found that our novel RUNX inhibitor, Chb-M, which switches off RUNX1 using alkylating agent-conjugated pyrrole-imidazole polyamides designed to specifically bind to consensus RUNX-binding sequences (5′-TGTGGT-3′), inhibited survivin expression in vivo. Taken together, we identified a novel interaction between RUNX1 and survivin in MRT. Therefore the negative regulation of RUNX1 activity may be a novel strategy for MRT treatment