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Change in mean temperature as a predictor of extreme temperature change in the Asia–Pacific region
Griffiths, G. M.,Chambers, L. E.,Haylock, M. R.,Manton, M. J.,Nicholls, N.,Baek, H.-J.,Choi, Y.,Della-Marta, P. M.,Gosai, A.,Iga, N.,Lata, R.,Laurent, V.,Maitrepierre, L.,Nakamigawa, H.,Ouprasitwong, John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2005 International journal of climatology Vol.25 No.10
<P>Trends (1961–2003) in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, extremes and variance were found to be spatially coherent across the Asia–Pacific region. The majority of stations exhibited significant trends: increases in mean maximum and mean minimum temperature, decreases in cold nights and cool days, and increases in warm nights. No station showed a significant increase in cold days or cold nights, but a few sites showed significant decreases in hot days and warm nights. Significant decreases were observed in both maximum and minimum temperature standard deviation in China, Korea and some stations in Japan (probably reflecting urbanization effects), but also for some Thailand and coastal Australian sites. The South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ) region between Fiji and the Solomon Islands showed a significant increase in maximum temperature variability.</P><P>Correlations between mean temperature and the frequency of extreme temperatures were strongest in the tropical Pacific Ocean from French Polynesia to Papua New Guinea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and southern Japan. Correlations were weaker at continental or higher latitude locations, which may partly reflect urbanization.</P><P>For non-urban stations, the dominant distribution change for both maximum and minimum temperature involved a change in the mean, impacting on one or both extremes, with no change in standard deviation. This occurred from French Polynesia to Papua New Guinea (except for maximum temperature changes near the SPCZ), in Malaysia, the Philippines, and several outlying Japanese islands. For urbanized stations the dominant change was a change in the mean and variance, impacting on one or both extremes. This result was particularly evident for minimum temperature.</P><P>The results presented here, for non-urban tropical and maritime locations in the Asia–Pacific region, support the hypothesis that changes in mean temperature may be used to predict changes in extreme temperatures. At urbanized or higher latitude locations, changes in variance should be incorporated. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society.</P>
Vincent C.H. Chung,Charlene H.L. Wong,Claire C.W. Zhong,Yan Yin Tjioe,Ting Hung Leung,Sian M. Griffiths 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1
Background: With increasing burden of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD), ageing becomes a global public health concern, and the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region has no exception. To address the NCD challenge, priority should be given to promote healthy ageing across the life-course. As traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) is popular within the Region, it is of policy interest to explore possibilities of applying T&CM for promoting healthy ageing. Methods: We first summarized sources of clinical evidence supporting the use of T&CM. We then searched publications through MEDLINE from its inception to April 2020 to identify studies focusing on the perception of T&CM among older people. Finally, taking current evidence base and patient choice into account, we generated policy recommendations for of integrating T&CM into health systems. Result: Experiences from countries with different income levels suggested that promoting evidence-based T&CM as self-care modalities would be the most efficient way of maximizing impact among the older population, especially via a train the trainer approach. Meanwhile, popularity of natural products in the Region mandates policy makers to implement appropriate regulation and quality assurance, and to establish pharmacovigilance to detect potential harm. The role of pharmacists in advising patients on self-medication using natural products needs to be strengthened. Conclusion: Policy-makers will benefit from continued global dialogue and sharing of experience in T&CM policy development and implementation. Harmonizing regulatory frameworks for natural products at regional and global levels, including mutual recognition of regulatory approval, to improve standards and protect patients could be a priority.
Compensatory Usage of the Internet: The Case of Mukbang Watching on YouTube
Kagan Kircaburun,Sabah Balta,Emrah Emirtekin,Ş,ule Betü,l Tosuntaş,,Zsolt Demetrovics,Mark D. Griffiths 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.4
Objective Accumulating empirical research has emphasized that a wide range of online activities–such as using social networking sites–can be performed in order to compensate unattained needs or to cope with negative affect and psychopathological symptoms. Al-though the correlates of problematic social networking use have been extensively investigated, less is known about problematic YouTube use (PYU), an umbrella term grouping a number of different activities (e.g., viewing of online video games, watching specific YouTube channels). Furthermore, nothing is known concerning increasingly popular and distinct YouTube-related activities such as mukbang watching (i.e., watching livestream “eating broadcasts” where someone eats various foods in front of the camera while interacting with viewers). The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of problematic mukbang watching (PMW) on the relation-ships between depression and loneliness with PYU. Methods An online survey that comprised assessment tools for aforementioned variables was administered to 217 mukbang viewers (mean age=20.58 years, range 18–33 years). Results Results indicated that PMW was positively related to loneliness and PYU. Depression was positively and directly associated with PYU but was not associated with PMW. Conclusion Further research is required to better understand the psychological processes underlying problematic mukbang watching and its association with other mental health conditions (e.g., addictive disorders, eating disorders). Psychiatry Investig 2021;18(4):269-276