간호사의 하부요로증상 유병률: 체계적 문헌고찰

( Ziqian Wang ) 이화간호과학연구소 2022 Health & Nursing Vol.34 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review to understand the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms among nurses. Methods: The systematic literature review was conducted as described in the systematic literature review manual on prevalence and incidence from the Joanna Briggs Institute. In order to evaluate the methodological quality of the literature, the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data tool was used. Results: A total of 14 lower urinary tract symptoms were identified: daytime frequency, urgency, nocturia, incontinence, stress incontinence, urge incontinence, complex urinary incontinence, overactive bladder syndrome, urinary hesitation, abdominal pressure voiding, hepatic colic, weak urination, urgency, and diurnal points. The prevalence varied from 1.5% to 64.2%. Conclusion: The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms among nurses was found to be high overall, confirming the severity of the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms among nurses.

Participation of CCL1 in Snail-Positive Fibroblasts in Colorectal Cancer Contribute to 5-Fluorouracil/Paclitaxel Chemoresistance

Ziqian Li,Kaying Chan,Yifei Qi,Linlin Lu,Fen Ning,Mengling Wu,Haifang Wang,Yuan Wang,Shaohui Cai,Jun Du 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.3

Purpose Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activated by cancer cells has a central role in development and malignant biological behavior in colorectal cancer (CRC). Adult fibroblasts do not express Snail, but Snail-positive fibroblasts are discovered in the stroma of malignant CRC and reported to be the key role to chemoresistance. However, the reciprocal effect of CAFs expressed Snail to chemoresistance on CRC cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully characterized. Materials and Methods Snail-overexpressed 3T3 stable cell lines were generated by lipidosome and CT26 mixed with 3T3-Snail subcutaneous transplanted CRC models were established by subcutaneous injection. Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and western blotting assays were performed, and immunohistochemistry staining was studied. The cytokines participated in chemoresistance was validated with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and heatmap. Results Snail-expression fibroblasts are discovered in human and mouse spontaneous CRCs. Overexpression of Snail induces 3T3 fibroblasts transdifferentiation to CAFs. CT26 co-cultured with 3T3-Snail resisted the impairment from 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel in vitro. The subcutaneous transplanted tumor models included 3T3-Snail cells develop without restrictions even after treating with 5-fluorouracil or paclitaxel. Moreover, these chemoresistant processes may be mediated by CCL1 secreted by Snail-expression fibroblasts via transforming growth factor /nuclear factor-B signaling pathways. Conclusion Taken together, Snail-expressing 3T3 fibroblasts display CAFs properties that support 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel chemoresistance in CRC via participation of CCL1 and suggest that inhibition of the Snail-expression fibroblasts in tumor may be a useful strategy to limit chemoresistance.

Understanding the 2022 Extreme Dragon-Boat Rainfall in South China from the Combined Land and Oceanic Forcing

Wang Ziqian,Xu Juan,Zeng Zhuoyu,Ke Minling,Feng Xinhua 한국기상학회 2024 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.60 No.4

The most frequent and concentrated rainfall in the pre-flood season in South China usually occurs around the Dragon Boat Festival every year, locally known as ‘Dragon-boat Rainfall (DBR)’. In 2022, a record-breaking DBR attacked South China, causing disastrous flooding. We suggest that this extreme DBR was jointly regulated by the tropical convective forcing and Tibetan Plateau (TP) heating. Distinctly strong low-level southwesterlies and ascending motions over South China were the key atmospheric conditions. And the abnormal low-level southwesterlies were contributed by both the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific and the anomalous westerlies at the southern side of the TP. On the one hand, during the period of 2022 DBR, stronger-than-normal convective forcing over the Maritime Continent induced the low-level anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific through triggering the meridional vertical circulation and further promoted the upward motions over South China. On the other hand, positive diabatic heating over the TP forced abnormal warm anticyclone in the mid-upper troposphere, more warm air advected downstream by the background westerlies, intensifying the upward motions over South China. Meanwhile, the TP heating could induce the anomalous low-level westerlies at the southern side of the TP, which further merged into and intensified the southwesterlies over South China and greatly enhanced the moisture transport and convergence there. Therefore, we highlight the strong thermal forcing over the TP, exerting a combined and amplified effect with the convective forcing over the Maritime Continent, dominated the record-breaking DBR in 2022.

Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Perivascular Beta-Amyloid Accumulation in the Brain of Aged Rats with Spontaneous Hypertension: Evaluation with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Yu Wang,Ruzhi Zhang,Chuanyuan Tao,Ziqian Xu,Wei Chen,Chunhua Wang,Li Song,Jie Zheng,Fabao Gao 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.3

Objective: Whether blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption induced by chronic spontaneous hypertension is associated with beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in the brain remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between BBB disruption and Aβ influx and accumulation in the brain of aged rats with chronic spontaneous hypertension. Materials and Methods: Five aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and five age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were studied. The volume transfer constant (Ktrans) obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) was used to evaluate BBB permeability in the hippocampus and cortex in vivo. The BBB tight junctions, immunoglobulin G (IgG), Aβ, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the hippocampus and cortex were examined with immunohistochemistry. Results: As compared with WKY rats, the Ktrans values in the hippocampus and cortex of the SHRs increased remarkably (0.316 ± 0.027 min-1 vs. 0.084 ± 0.017 min-1, p < 0.001 for hippocampus; 0.302 ± 0.072 min-1 vs. 0.052 ± 0.047 min-1, p < 0.001 for cortex). Dramatic occludin and zonula occludens-1 losses were detected in the hippocampus and cortex of SHRs, and obvious IgG exudation was found there. Dramatic Aβ accumulation was found and limited to the area surrounding the BBB, without extension to other parenchyma regions in the hippocampus and cortex of aged SHRs. Alternatively, differences in APP expression in the hippocampus and cortex were not significant. Conclusion: Blood-brain barrier disruption is associated with Aβ influx and accumulation in the brain of aged rats with chronic spontaneous hypertension. DCE-MRI can be used as an effective method to investigated BBB damage.

Self-Gated Late Gadolinium Enhancement at 7T to Image Rats with Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction

Lei Wang,Yushu Chen,Bing Zhang,Wei Chen,Chunhua Wang,Li Song,Ziqian Xu,Jie Zheng,Fabao Gao 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.2

Objective: A failed electrocardiography (ECG)-trigger often leads to a long acquisition time (TA) and deterioration in image quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and optimize the technique of self-gated (SG) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) for cardiac late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging of rats with myocardial infarction/reperfusion. Materials and Methods: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance images of 10 rats were obtained using SG-LGE or ECG with respiration double-gating (ECG-RESP-gating) method at 7T to compare differences in image interference and TA between the two methods. A variety of flip angles (FA: 10°−80°) and the number of repetitions (NR: 40, 80, 150, and 300) were investigated to determine optimal scan parameters of SG-LGE technique based on image quality score and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Results: Self-gated late gadolinium enhancement allowed successful scan in 10 (100%) rats. However, only 4 (40%) rats were successfully scanned with the ECG-RESP-gating method. TAs with SG-LGE varied depending on NR used (TA: 41, 82, 154, and 307 seconds, corresponding to NR of 40, 80, 150, and 300, respectively). For the ECG-RESP-gating method, the average TA was 220 seconds. For SG-LGE images, CNR (42.5 ± 5.5, 43.5 ± 7.5, 54 ± 9, 59.5 ± 8.5, 56 ± 13, 54 ± 8, and 41 ± 9) and image quality score (1.85 ± 0.75, 2.20 ± 0.83, 2.85 ± 0.37, 3.85 ± 0.52, 2.8 ± 0.51, 2.45 ± 0.76, and 1.95 ± 0.60) were achieved with different FAs (10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, and 40°, respectively). Optimal FAs of 20°−30° and NR of 80 were recommended. Conclusion: Self-gated technique can improve image quality of LGE without irregular ECG or respiration gating. Therefore, SG-LGE can be used an alternative method of ECG-RESP-gating.

Human Recombinant Apyrase Therapy Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Preserves Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Rats, as Evaluated by 7T Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Xu Ziqian,Chen Wei,Zhang Ruzhi,Wang Lei,Chen Ridong,Zheng Jie,Gao Fabao 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.6

Objective: The occurrence of intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) and microvascular obstruction (MVO) in myocardial infarction (MI), known as severe ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), has been associated with adverse remodeling. APT102, a soluble human recombinant ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1, can hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides to attenuate their prothrombotic and proinflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to temporally evaluate the therapeutic effect of APT102 on IRI in rats and to elucidate the evolution of IRI in the acute stage using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). Materials and Methods: Fifty-four rats with MI, induced by ligation of the origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 60 minutes, were randomly divided into the APT102 (n = 27) or control (n = 27) group. Intravenous infusion of APT102 (0.3 mg/kg) or placebo was administered 15 minutes before reperfusion, and then 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and on day 4 after reperfusion. CMRI was performed at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and on day 5 post-reperfusion using a 7T system and the hearts were collected for histopathological examination. Cardiac function was quantified using cine imaging and IMH/edema using T2 mapping, and infarct/MVO using late gadolinium enhancement. Results: The extent of infarction (p < 0.001), edema (p < 0.001), IMH (p = 0.013), and MVO (p = 0.049) was less severe in the APT102 group than in the control group. IMH size at 48 hours was significantly greater than that at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 5 days after reperfusion (all p < 0.001). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly greater in the APT102 group than in the control group (p = 0.006). There was a negative correlation between LVEF and IMH (r = -0.294, p = 0.010) and a positive correlation between IMH and MVO (r = 0.392, p < 0.001). Conclusion: APT102 can significantly alleviate damage to the ischemic myocardium and microvasculature. IMH size peaked at 48 hours post reperfusion and IMH is a downstream consequence of MVO. IMH may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent adverse remodeling in MI.

Computational design towards energy efficient optimization in overconstrained robotic limbs

Gu Yuping,Wang Ziqian,Feng Shihao,Sun Haoran,Lu Haibo,Pan Jia,Wan Fang,Song Chaoyang 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.5

Legged robots are constantly evolving, and energy efficiency is a major driving factor in their design. However, combining mechanism efficiency and trajectory planning can be challenging. This work proposes a computational optimization framework for optimizing leg design during basic walking while maximizing energy efficiency. We generalize the robotic limb design as a four-bar linkage-based design pool and optimize the leg using an evolutionary algorithm. The leg configuration and design parameters are optimized based on user-defined objective functions. Our framework was validated by comparing it to measured data on our prototype quadruped robot for forward trotting. The Bennett robotic leg was advantageous for omni-directional locomotion with enhanced energy efficiency.

A Study on the Development of Contemporary Chinese Animations Based on the Analysis of Three New Animation Films

Yin Jun,Wang Ziqian 한중경제문화학회 2019 한중경제문화연구 Vol.12 No.-

Extremely Strong Western Pacific Subtropical High in May 2021 Following a La Niña Event: Role of the Persistent Convective Forcing over the Indian Ocean

Minling Ke,Ziqian Wang,Weijuan Pan,Haolin Luo,Song Yang,Ruyue Guo 한국기상학회 2023 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.59 No.1

The variation of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) significantly influences the weather and climate in East Asia. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is considered as one of the most important factors for the abnormal activity of the WPSH. An El Niño event tends to result in an anticyclonic anomaly over the western Pacific in the following spring and summer, leading to a westward-shifted and stronger WPSH. Opposite features can be observed for a La Niña event. Following the typical La Niña event in the winter of 2020/2021, an abnormal cyclonic circulation routinely appeared over the western Pacific in the beginning of 2021, but it was suddenly replaced by an obviously abnormal anticyclone in May. This unanticipated change induced an extremely strong WPSH and posed a challenge for the regional climate prediction. A careful examination of the tropical Indian Ocean revealed a significant abnormal warming process from April to May in 2021, with a peak of positive sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in early May. Consequently, persistent atmospheric convective activity was stimulated by the positive SSTA, accompanied by remarkable and eastward-moving diabatic heating in the tropical Indian Ocean. The convective heating aroused significant easterly anomalies in the form of a Kelvin wave response of the Gill-type mode over the equatorial region from the western Pacific to the eastern Indian Ocean, which induced an abnormal anticyclone through a further positive circulation–convection feedback over the western Pacific. Additional experiments with the LBM model further verify that the persistent convective forcing over the tropical Indian Ocean is responsible for the extremely strong WPSH in May 2021, although during an antecedent La Niña event.

Abnormal Climate in 2022 Summer in Korea and Asia

송효종,최우석,Wang Ziqian 한국기상학회 2024 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.60 No.4

In the summer of 2022, record-breaking severe weather events occurred across Asia. Temperatures in Pakistan and India reached 50°C, and heat waves in China persisted along the Yangtze River basin, with some areas reaching 45°C. According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, it was the first time in June that temperatures above 40°C were measured for more than two days. As well as heat-related extreme, a massive flood claimed more than 1,000 lives in Pakistan. Although heavy rainfall would be known as a typical phenomenon during each monsoon season, torrential downpour in 2022 was significantly different. On August 8–9, 2022, explosive rainfall occurred over the Seoul metropolitan area within several hours. Due to the narrow width of the precipitation system, only small areas on the Korean Peninsula were experienced intensive precipitation. Concentrated rainfall in such a narrow convection band is thought to have a different mechanism than that of the traditional rainy season. Moreover, Typhoon Hinnamnor, which directly impacted the Korean Peninsula on September 5–6, exhibited unique characteristics in its formation, development, and track. The southwest movement from the western Pacific to the coast of Taiwan, followed by subsequent re-development, were a rare phenomenon that had been difficult to observe until now. Weather extremes such as the heat waves over Asia and the torrential downpours that swept Korea and Pakistan in the summer of 2022 were indeed influenced by the changing climate. Diagnosing and understanding the impacts of climate change are essential for disaster preparedness and the public profits. This special issue, therefore, features six significant contributions that analyze the mechanism of severe weather phenomena and study its relationship with climate change.