밭토양에 처리된 규산질 비료의 유효화와 토양반응 교정효과

조현종,최희열,이용우,이윤정,정종배 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.2

이화학적 특성이 다른 4가지의 밭토양에 대한 규산질 비료를 처리하여 토양의 유효규산 함량과 pH 변화에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 토양의 이화학적 특성과 기존 유효규산 함량에 상관없이 토양 유효규산 함량은 규산질 비료 시용량에 비례하여 증가 하였다. 규산질 비료의 유효화 정도는 토양마다 차이가 있었으며 최저 9.1%에서 최고 19.2% 정도의 비율을 나타냈다. 규산질 비료 100 kg/10a 수준의 처리는 용탈 등으로 제거되지 않는 한 10 cm 깊이 표토에 평균적으로 100 mg/kg 정도 의 유효규산을 공급할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 퇴비 혼합처리는 토양 유효규산 함량 증가에 큰 영향을 미치지 못했으며, 석회 처리는 유효규산 함량을 다소 증가시켰다. 토양 pH 변화는 모든 토양에서 규산질 비료 시비량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 규산질 비교 100 kg/10a 처리로 토양 pH를 0.1~0.2 단위 증가시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 산성 토양의 경우에는 규산질 비료의 시용과는 별도로 pH 교정을 위해 석회비료를 시용해야 할 것이다. Although silicon (Si) has been known to be an essential element for rice growth, the optimum soil level of Si for upland crops remains unestablished. This study was conducted to estimate the availability of Si fertilizer in upland soils, and also effect of the Si fertilizer on soil pH was examined. Different application rates of Si fertilizer were tested using four soils of different available Si levels and pHs in a series of laboratory incubation study. The treatments included Si fertilizer levels of 100, 200, and 300 kg/10a. Also to examine the effects of compost and lime on the availability of Si fertilizer in upland soil, treatment of silicate fertilizer 200 kg/10a + compost 1,000 kg/10a and lime alone treatment were included. Changes of Si availability in the soils during the incubation period were measured by 1 N NaOAc extraction procedure. Availability of Si fertilizer was different among the tested soils, and about 9.1~19.2% of the applied Si fertilizer was extracted after 60 days laboratory incubation. Application rate could not influence the availability of Si fertilizer. Application of compost with Si fertilizer could not increase Si availability in upland soils, but lime treatment could increase Si availability. Soil pH increased by application of Si fertilizer, but the effect of Si fertilizer on soil pH was minimal. When Si fertilizer is applied on the purpose of Si nutrition in acid upland soils, lime treatment should be coupled with the Si fertilizer for remediation of soil acidity.

Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation Procedure를 이용한 임프란트 매식

송종운,조용기,박홍주,김영운,오희균,유선열 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.2

Maxillary sinus has an anatomic limitation to bone support available for dental implant. When there is less than 10㎜ of bone remaining between the upper alveolar ridge crest and the maxillary sinus floor, bone augmentation should be considered. In 1994, Summers reported two sinus floor elevation techniques of limmediate implant insertion, using osteotomes, for patients who have at least 5㎜ of bone remaining between the alveolar ridge crest and the maxillary sinus floor. One technique is osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) procedure in which uses osteotomes to elevate the sinus floor. The other is bone-added OSFE (BAOSFE) procedure in which bone graft is added into osteotomy site. Both procedures conserve all of the remaining bone and selectively displace it upward, thereby raising sinus floor. This study was aimed to evaluate the long-term success rate of implants which had been placed by osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure. Between February 1996 and June 1998, 10 implants were placed using OSFE or BAOSFE procedures in 6 patients who had at least 6㎜ of bone remaining between the alveolar ridge crest and the sinus floor. OSFE procedures were performed in patiens, 2∼4㎜ sinus floor elevation was needed, whereas BAOSFE procedures were done in patines, more than 4㎜ sinus floor elevation was needed. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years 4 months (3 years 6 months ∼ 5 years 9 months), no implant was failed and all patients showed good functional results. OSFE and BAOSFE procedures seemed technically easier and less invasive compared to conventional sinus lift procedure. And both procedure have good success rate.

Cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)와 세포주기(cell cycle)조절을 통한 새로운 항암제의 개발 현황

이철훈,조율희 한양대학교 의과대학 2000 한양의대 학술지 Vol.20 No.1

The cell-division cycle is a tightly controlled process that is regulated by the cyclin/CDK family of protein kinase complexes. Stringent control of this process is essential to ensure that DNA synthesis and subsequent mitotic division are accurately and coordinately executed. There in now strong evidence that CDKs, their regulators, and substrates are the targets of genetic alteration in many human cancers. As a result of this, the CDKs have been targeted for drug discovery and a number of small molecule inhibitors of CDKs have been identified. Our attempt here is to illustrate the potential for development of therapeutics to treat human cancers by interfering with cell-cycle progression. Because of the central role that they play in advancing the division cycle, CDKs have been targeted for drug discovery and a number of small molecule compounds have now been identified as CDK inhibitors. These strategies and other targets of intervention within the cell cycle are discussed in our review.

한국인 집단에서 상염색체 우성 다낭신과 연관된 microsatellite 다형 현상에 관한 연구

문성수,심성한,조상희,김정숙,조율희 한양대학교 의과대학 1997 한양의대 학술지 Vol.17 No.1

Autosoal dominant polycystic polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common autosomal dominant diseases and account for 10% of end stage renal disease in Caucasians. To establish the strategy for prenatal and presymptomatic diagnosis of ADPKD three microsatellite markers flanking the PKDI (polycystic kidney disase 1) locus were analyzed in 144 healthy Koreans with themethods of polymerase chain reaction, polyacryalmide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. All the microsatellite markers employed wre (CA)n repeat ploymorphisms. KG8 marker system showed 5 alleles, 120 bp, 122pb, 124bp, 126bp and 130bp with the frequencies of 0.0035, 0.7778, 0.2083, 0.0035 and 0.0069 respectively. In 16AC2.5 marker system 9 alleles (111 bp, 113bp, 115bp, 117bp. 117bp, 119bp, 121bp, 123bp, 127bp and 129bp) were found with the frequencies of 0.5, 0.0347, 0.0382, 0.0451, 0.1944, 0.1736, 0.0035, 0.0069 and 0.0035 rewpectively. And CW2 marker system showed 15 alleles, 109 bp with the frewuencies of 0.0035, 0.0035, 0.0104, 0.0417, 0.1076, 0.1354, 0.3333, 0.1319, 0.0938, 0.0660, 0.0486, 0.0139, 0.0035, 0.0035 and 0.0035 respectively. Heterozygosity and PIC (polymorphic information content) was 0.3516 and 0.2990 in KG8 system, 0.6773 and 0.6380 in 16AC2.5 system and 0.8240 and 0.8204 in CW2 system. The overall heterozygosity ofthe three microsatellite marker systems were 0.9632. With the three flanking markers ADPKD might be diagnosed prenatally or presymptomatically with the probability of 96.32%

Comparative Genomic Hybridization 기법을 이용한 한국인 원발성 간세포암에서의 염색체 변화에 대한 연구

박훤겸,정풍만,이광수,조율희 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

Comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) technique is one of the screening tests for DNA sequence copy number changes(losses, deletions, gains, amplifications) in tumor genomes. DNA changes in 23 hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC) associated with hepatitis B virus(HBV) were analyzed by CGH technique. Eighteen of the 23 cases showed genetic alterations. The remaining 5 cases showed no detectagble aberration. The losses of chromosome regions 17p(74%), 4q (57%), 16p (52%), 16q (48%), 8p (43%) and 13q (43%) were detected in the order of decreasing frequency. In cases of multiple losses of chromosomes, a combination of 17p,16p,16q,4q, and 8p losses was found in 5 cases (30%). On the other hand, chromosomal gains occurred on 1q (65%), 8q (52%), 20p (48%) and 20q (43%) in the order of decreasing frequency. And the simultaneous genomic gains of these 4 chromosomes were found in 9 cases (40%). Moreover, the combination of 5 genomic losses (17p, 16p, 16q, 4q, & 8p) and 4 genomic gains (1q, 8q, 20p, & 20q) was observed in 4 case s(23%). The pattern of chromosomal gains and losses in HCC with hepatitis B in Korean patients is very complex and involves virtually every site in the genome. This indicated a high genomic instability. This could possibly be explained either as the result of random chromosomal changes during early development of tumor, or as the highly variable and random pattern of integration of HBV in the HCC. The hepatocarcinogenesis may be the result of cumulative effocts rather than those orders of occurrence of those genomic changes. The sites of cellular DNA at which HBV integrates frequently undergo rearrangements, resulting in translocations, inverted duplications, deletions, and possibly recombinational events. But, CGH only detects changes of chromosomal copy number but could not identify translocations, inversions, and other aberrations of chromosome. The chromosomal analysis of HCC with HBV in Korean patients by CGH technique confirms the presence of complex and sporadic, but nonrandom genetic changes in the chromosome. In the future, more detailed oncogenic study could be carried out on the chromosomes which showed abnormal aberrations through this study.

B형 간염 동반 원발성 간암 환자에서의 CYP2D6와 NAT2 다형현상에 관한 연구

신동일,이광수,최연남,황기은,조율희 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.2

The CYP2D6 and N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) are polymorphic enzymes which are expressed in the hepatocyte in a genotype-determined manner. CYP2D6 and NAT2 are known to be involved in the inactivation and activation of various mutagens and carcinogens, respectively. The activities of the two enzyme systems are associated with the genetic susceptibility of many human cancers. This study was performed to determine the genotype frequencies of the two enzyme systems in primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients and healthy controls. One hundred healthy controls and 55 liver cancer patients were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). The results are as followings:1. In the healthy controls, CYP2D6 wild type allele frequency was 0.985 and CYP2D6^*4 frequency was 0.015, and no CYP2D6 poor-metabolizer was detected. No significant differences were found in hepatocellular carcinoma patient group. 2. Frequencies of F, S1, S2 and S3 alleles of NAT2 system were 0.725, 0.01, 0.14 and 0.125 in controls, respectively. The genotype frequencies were found to be 0.91 of rapid acetylator and 0.09 of slow acetylator. No significant differences were found in hepatocellular carcinoma patient group. 3. These results suggest that the distribution of CYP2D6 and NAT2 polymorphisms is very unique in Korean populations characterized by extremely low frequency of CYP2D6 poor-metabolizer and NAT2 slow acetylator. CYP2D6 and NAT2 polymorphisms seemed not to play an important role in the hepatic carcinogenesis in Korean population.

포름알데하이드에 폭로된 해부학 실습 학생들의 임파구 자매염색분체교환

백두진,주수자,김기영,이수진,심상효,손정일,심성한,송재철,조율희 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Sister-chromatid exchanges measured in the peripheral lymphocytes of 15 non-smoking medical students after exposure to formaldehyde during 24-week anatomy class showed a small but significant (p=0.0468) increase when compared with samples obtained from the same individuals immediately before exposure. Mean frequencies of sister-chromatid exchange of cultured peripheral lymphocytes were 5.40±0.24 from the samples before exposure and 5.87±0.22 from the same samples after exposure. Breathing-zone air samples collected by formaldehyde monitoring kit with digital colorimeter(SKC) showed a mean concentration of 0.72±0.02 ppm formaldehyde.

A Study on the p53 Mutation in Korean Hepatocellular Carcinomas and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines

Cho,Youl Hee,Lee,Chun Keun,Kim,Bong Yoon,Paik,Yong Kyun,Kim,Chong Jai,Kim,Yong Il,Kim,Jin Woo 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.2

p53은 종양 억제 유전인자로서 여러 종류의 인체 암에서 다양한 돌연변이 양상을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 B형 간염의 발생빈도가 높고 alflatoxin B1의 섬취가 많은 것으로 알려진 중국의 광동성지역과 남아프리카 지역에서는 p53 유전인자의 codon 249의 세번째 염기인 G가 T로 치환되는 특이한 돌연변이가 높은 빌도로 발생한다. 한국에서도 B형 간염의 발생빈도가 높고, 콩 가공 식품을 많이 섭치하여 aflatoxin의 섭취 또한 많을 것으로 사료되어 한국인의 간암 조직을 대상으로 p53 유전자인 codon 249의 돌연변이 발생여부를 검색하였다. 22예의 간암 조직에서 p53 유전인자의 condon 246의 세번째 염기의 돌연 변이는 검출되지 않았다. 따라서 한국인 간암의 발암기전은 중국의 광동성이나, 남아프리카와는 다를것으로 사료된다. 자궁경부암 세포주인 C3, C6, C8, C10,을 대상으로 PCR법을 이용한 인유두종바이러 (HPV) 조사결과 C6, C8, C10에서는 HPV 16형이 C3, C6, C8에서는 HPV 18형이 관찰되었으며, PCR-SSCP법으로 p53 유전인자의 잘 보존된 부위인 exon 4-9의 돌연변이를 검색한 결과 C8의 exon 5-6에서 돌연변이를 관찰할 수 있었다.

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) Has an Anti-platelet Effect by Regulating the cGMP-Associated Pathway of Human Platelet Activation

Cho, Hyun-Jeong,Rhee, Man-Hee,Cho, Jae-Youl,Kim, Hyeong-Soo,Ok, Woo-Jeong,Kang, Hee-Jin,Park, Hwa-Jin The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2007 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.12 No.3

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), which comes from Cordyceps militaris, the Chinese medicinal fungal genus Cordyceps, is used in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and chronic inflammation. We recently reported that cordycepin has a novel antiplatelet effect through the down regulation of $[Ca^{2+}]_{i}$ and the elevation of cGMP/cAMP production. In this study, we further investigated the effect of cordycepin on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in the presence of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG)- or cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)-inhibitor. PKG inhibitor Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS potentiated the collagen-induced platelet aggregation, but PKA inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cAMPS did not. However, both Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS and Rp-8-Br-cAMPS reduced inhibition by cordycepin of collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Moreover, cordycepin inhibited $Ca^{2+}-dependent$ phosphorylation of both 47 kDa- and 20 kDa-protein in the presence of both PKG inhibitor and PKA inhibitor. Taken altogether, these results suggest that the inhibitory effect of cordycepin on collagen-induced platelet aggregation is associated with cGMP/PKG- and cAMP/PKA-pathways, and thus cordycepin may be an efficacious intervention against platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease.

Protein Carboxylmethylation in Porcine Spleen is Mainly Mediated by Class I Protein Carboxyl O-Methyltransferase

Cho, Jae-Youl,Kim, Sung-Soo,Kwon, Myung-Hee,Kim, Seong-Hwan,Lee, Hyang-Woo,Hong, Sung-Youl The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.2

The functional role of protein carboxylmethylation (PCM) has not yet been clearly elucidated in the tissue level. The biochemical feature of PCM in porcine spleen was therefore studied by investigating the methyl accepting capacity (MAC) of natural endogenous substrate proteins for protein carboxyl O-methyltransferase (PCMT) in various conditions. Strong acidic and alkaline-conditioned (at pH 11.0) analyses of the MAC indicated that approximately 65% of total protein methylation seemed to be mediated by spleen PCMT. The hydrolytic kinetics of the PCM products, such as carboxylmethylesters (CMEs), under mild alkaline conditions revealed that there may be three different kinds of CMEs [displaying half-times (T$_{1}$2/) of 1.1 min (82.7% of total CMEs), 13.9 min (4.6%), and 478.0 min (12.7%)], assuming that the majority of CME is base-labile and may be catalyzed by class I PCMT. In agreement with these results, several natural endogenous substrate proteins (14, 31 and 86 kDa) were identified strikingly by acidic-conditioned electrophoresis, and their MAC was lost upon alkaline conditions. On the other hand, other proteins (23 and 62 kDa) weakly appeared under alkaline conditions, indicating that PCM mediated by class II or III PCMT may be a minor reaction. The MAC of an isolated endogenous substrate protein (23-kDa) was also detected upon acidic-conditioned electrophoresis. Therefore, our date suggest that most spleen PCM may be catalyzed by class I PCMT, which participates in repairing aged proteins.