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원자로 용접부의 국부적 미세조직 변화에 따른 동적탄성계수 측정
정용무,김주학,홍준화,정현규 한국비파괴검사학회 2000 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.20 No.5
원자로 재료인 SA 508 Class 3 강용접부 및 열영향부 모사 시험편에 대해서 초음파공명분광법으로 동적탄성계수를 측정하였다. 등방성 탄성계수를 가정하여 초기 추정 탄성 계수, c11, c12 및 c44 로부터 장방형 시편의 공명 주파수를 계산하였으며 계산된 주파수와 초음파공명분광법으로 측정된 주파수를 비교, 반복 수렴 절차를 거쳐 정밀한 탄성계수를 구했다. 열처리 조건의 차이 및 미세 조직의 차이에 따라 영률 및 전단 계수의 차이가 확실하게 나타났다. 미세한 베이나이트 조직에서의 영률 및 전단 계수는 조대한 마르텐사이트 조직보다 높았으며 이러한 경향은 미세 경도 시험 등의 다른 실험 결과와도 일치하였다. The dynamic elastic constants of the simulated weld HAZ(heat-affected zone) of SA 508 Class 3 reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel were investigated by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS). The resonance frequencies of rectangular parallelepiped samples were calculated from the initial estimates of elastic stiffness c11, c12 and c44 with an assumption of isotropic property, dimension and density. Through the comparison of calculated resonant frequencies with the measured resonant frequencies by RUS, very accurate elastic constants of SA 508 Class 3 steel were determined by iteration and convergence processes. Clear differences of Youngs modulus and shear modulus of shown from samples with different thermal cycles and microstructures. Youngs modulus and shear modulus of samples with fine-grained bainite were higher than those with coarse-grained tempered martensite. This tendency was confirmed from other results such as micro-hardness test.
장정환,김정용,주영화 조선대학교 1994 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.19 No.1
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the conservative treatment of hemorrhoid, especially warm sitz bath and anal antihemorrhoidal suppositories, on the basis of answering the questionnaires given the 55 hemorrhoidal patients who were performed hemorrhoidectomy at Department of surgery, Chosun University and Hak Moon Surgical Clinic from Jan, 1994 to May 1994. The results are summerized briefly as follows : 1. Except 9 cases(18%), 46 cases(82%) experienced sitz and/or suppositories, Among them, 20 cases(40%) used above both methods, 19 cases(38%) made use of only sitz bath and 7 cases (14%) use of anal suppositories. 2. The effects of sitz bath are pain relief in 14 cases(35%), decreased discharge in 9 cases(23%), relief of itching in 6 cases(15%) and decreased size of hemorrhoidal mass in 5 cases(13%). 3. The reasons of using the antihemorrhoidal suppository are prolapse(15%), bleeding(29%), pain (38%), discharge(12%) and itching(7%). The effects of antihemmorrhoidal agents are varied but excellent and good group are 16 cases(62.9%). Toxic effects of antihemorrhoidal agents were not found on this study.
허광식,손현화,김동규,박찬국,김만우,김정용,기근홍 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1
Primary unruptured appendiceal mucocele is a rare disease. It is very difficult to diagnose preoperatively because of the rarity of classical symptoms and low incidence. Usually it is discovered incidentally during abdominal ultrasonography(US), computed tomography(CT), or appendectomy for acute appendicitis. If untreated, one type of mucoceles may rupture producing a potentially fatal entity known as pseudomyxoma peritonei, therefore preoperative diagnosis is very important. With the advent of colonoscopy, abdominal US and CT, it has been possible to preoperatively diagnose mucocele of appendix. We experienced a case of appendiceal mucocele in a 60 year-old woman who had symptoms of lower abdominal discomfort and right lower quadrant abdominal pain, and it was diagnosed preoperatively by colonoscopy, abdominal US and CT. So we present this case with review of literature.
Functions of MAPK Cascade Pathways in Plant Defense Signaling
Cheong, Yong-Hwa,Kim, Min-Chul The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2010 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.26 No.2
Protein phosphorylation is one of the major mechanisms for controlling many cellular processes in all living organisms. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are known to transducer extracellular stimuli to several cellular processes, including cell division, differentiation as well as responses to various stresses. In plants, several studies have revealed that MAPK cascade pathways play an important role in responses against biotic and abiotic stresses, including wounding, pathogen infection, temperature, drought, salinity and plant hormones. It is also known that MAPK cascades-mediated signaling is an essential process in the resistance step to pathogens by regulating the activity of transcription factors. Here, the insights into the functions of MAPK cascade pathways in plant defense response signaling from Arabidopsis, tobacco and rice are described.
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Germanium Treatments on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
( Yong Hwa Cheong ),( Sung Un Kim ),( Dong Cheol Seo ),( Nam Ik Chang ),( Jun Bae Lee ),( Jong Hwan Park ),( Kap Soon Kim ),( Sang Don Kim ),( Hyeon Tae Kim ),( Jong Soo Heo ),( Ju Sik Cho ) 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.4
Germanium (Ge) is a rare heavy metal and is known to toxic to plants at high level. However, there is little evidence about the Ge effect on plant growth. Here, we investigated the effect of inorganic (GeO2) and organic (Ge-132) germanium on lettuce growth by treatment with various concentrations of GeO2 and Ge-132. Under GeO2 treatment, lettuce growth was not much inhibited at 2.5 mg/L concentration and then significantly inhibited at 5 mg/L concentration. However, under Ge-132 treatment, lettuce growth was not much inhibited by concentrations up to 10 mg/L. Relative fresh weight of lettuce at 2.5, 5, 10 and 25 mg/L concentrations was 99, 76, 65 and 35% in GeO2 treatments and was 105, 99, 97 and 75% in Ge-132 treatments, respectively. In GeO2 treatments, Ge was highly accumulated in the roots at concentration below 10 mg/L and in the shoots at concentration above 25 mg/L. However, Ge was primarily accumulated in the roots at all Ge-132 concentrations. Accumulated Ge amounts of plants under GetO2 treatment were 0.72 mg/ g DW in roots and 0.27 mg/ g DW in shoots at a 10 mg/L concentration. At a 50 mg/L concentration of GeO2, the Ge content was 0.77 mg/g DW in roots and 1.58 mg/g DW in shoots, respectively. Based on our results, inorganic germanium is more toxic for lettuce growth than organic germanium. Upper critical toxic levels for lettuce growth were 2.5 to 5 mg/L concentrations in GeO2, treatments and 10 to 25 mg/L concentration in Ge-132 treatments, respectively.
Cheong, Yong-Hwa,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Jong-Kyong,Kim, Cha-Young,Kim, Min-Chul,Kim, Ihn-Hyoung,Park, Chan-Young,Kim, jong-Cheol,Park, Byung-Ouk,Koo, Seong-Cheol,Yoon, Hae-Won,Chung, Woo-Sik,Lim, Cha Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are known to transduce plant defense signals, but the downstream components of the MAPK have as yet not been elucidated. Here, we report an MAPK from rice (Oryza sativa), BWMK1, and a transcription factor, OsEREBP1, phosphorylated by the kinase. The MAPK carries a TDY phosphorylation motif instead of the more common TEY motif in its kinase domain and has an unusually extended C-terminal domain that is essential to its kinase activity and translocation to the nucleus. The MAPK phosphorylates OsEREBP1 that binds to the GCC box element (AGCCGCC) of the several basic pathogenesis-related gene promoters, which in turn enhances DNA-binding activity of the factor to the cis element in vitro. Transient co-expression of the BWMK1 and OsEREBP1 in Arabidopsis protoplasts elevates the expression of the β-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the GCC box element. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants overexpressing BWMK1 expressed many pathogenesis-related genes at higher levels than wild-type plants with an enhanced resistance to pathogens. These findings suggest that MAPKs contribute to plant defense signal transduction by phosphorylating one or more transcription factors.