Characteristics of Korean ginseng varieties of Gumpoong, Sunun, Sunpoong, Sunone, Cheongsun, and Sunhyang

Jang-Ho Lee,Joon-Soo Lee,Woo-Saeng Kwon,Je-Yong Kang,Dong-Yun Lee,Jun-Gyo In,Yun-Soo Kim,Jiho Seo,In-Ho Baeg,Il-Moo Chang,Keith Grainger 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.2

Background: Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is an important medicinal herbs in Asia. However, ginsengvarieties are less developed. Method: To developed ginseng varieties, a pure line selection method was applied in this study. Results: Gumpoong was testing of 4-yr-old specimens in 2002, the proportions of the below-groundroots that were rusty colored for Gumpoong was 1.29 in Daejeon and 1.45 in Eumseong, whereas theproportions for its yellow berry variant were 2.60 and 2.45 in the two regions, respectively. Thus theGumpoong was resistant to root rust. Sunpoong has a high yielding property. Its average root weight is70.6 g for 6-yr-old roots. Its yield is 2.9 kg/1.62m2 and the rate of heaven- and earth-grade product is20.9%, which is very high compared to 9.4% for Yunpoong. Sunone is resistance to root rot and thesurvival rate of 4-yr-old roots was 44.4% in 1997, whereas that of the violet-stem variant landrace was21.7%. Sunhyang has content of arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG), which produces the unique scent of redginseng, is 95.1 mmol/g and greater than the 30.8 mmol/g of Chunpoong in 6-yr-old plants. Sunun andCheongsun are being nurtured to protect genetic resources. Conclusion: Developed ginsneg varieties will be used as the basis for the protection of genetic resourcesand breeding. Jang-Ho Lee

뇌손상 후 운동신경기능 회복 기전 : 기능적 뇌 자기공명영상의 유용성 The Usefulness of fMRI Study

장성호,한봉수,장용민,변우목,김성호,조윤우 한국뇌학회 2001 한국뇌학회지 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 본 연구는 뇌손상환자에서 기능적 뇌 자기공명영상(functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI)을 이용한 대뇌운동피질 뇌지도화를 시행하여, 운동신경기능 회복 기전에 대한 기능적 뇌 자기공명영상의 유용성에 대하여 연구하였다. 방법: 신경학적 증상과 병력이 없는 성인 8명과 뇌손상환자 5인을 대상으로 하였다. 뇌손상환자 중 2명은 뇌종양환자이었으며 1명은 뇌출혈, 1명은 뇌경색, 1명은 뇌낭미충증환자이었다. 기능적 자기공명영상은 1.5T MR scanner로 Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent(BOLD) 기법을 적용하였다. 운동과제는 손가락을 1-2Hz의 주기로 쥐었다 펴기를 반복하도록 하였다. 결과: fMRI를 촬영한 결과 정상인 8인, 즉 총 16개의 손중 15개의 손과 환자 5인의 이환되지 않은 손운동시 반대측 일차 운동피질 꼭지(knob)를 중심으로 일차 감각운동피질(SM1)이 활성화되었다. 정상인 중 1인의 한 손에서 반대측 SM1과 동측 일차 운동피질(primary motor cortex, M1) 및 보조운동영역이 동시에 활성화되었다. 뇌손상환자의 이환측 손운동시 환자 1에서는 일차감각피질(primary sensory cortex, S1), 환자 2와 환자 3에서는 양측 SM1, 환자 4와 환자 5에서는 반대측 SM1이 활성화되었다. 환자 1에서는 손상된 M1의 운동신경기능이 S1으로 이전된 것으로 추정되며, 환자 4와 5에서는 손의 운동신경기능이 피질척수로에 의하여 유지되고 있는 것으로 추정되었다. 그러나 환자 2와 환자 3에서 발견된 동측 운동피질 활성화는 본래 정상적으로 존재하던 운동신경 경로인지 뇌손상 후에 발생한 운동신경기능 회복 경로인지 구분할 수는 없었다. 결론: fMRI을 통한 대뇌 운동피질 지도화는 뇌손상 후 병변 주위로의 재조직되는 회복 기전과 피질척수로에 의해 운동신경기능이 유지되고 있음을 입증하는데에 유용할 것으로 생각된다. Objective: This study investigated the usefulness of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the research of motor recovery mechanisms in brain injured patients. Method: Eight control subjects and five brain injured patients were investigated. Out of five patients, two were with brain tumor, one cerebral hemorrhage, one cerebral infarction, and one neurocysticercosis. fMRI was performed using the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) technique at 1.5 TMR scanner with a standard head coil. The motor activation task consisted of finger flexion-extension exercises in 1-2 Hz cycles. Results: fMRI showed activation of the contralateral primary sensori-motor cortex(SM1) by the hand movements of all control subjects and by the unaffected hand movements of all brain-injured patients. Activation of the supplementary motor area(SMA) by one hand movement was also seen in one control subject. Hand movements of the affected hand of the brain injured patients resulted in activation of the contralateral primary sensory cortex(S1) in patient 1, both SM1 in patients 2 and 3, and the contralateral SM1 in patients 4 and 5. Conclusions: It is concluded that fMRI is useful for the research of perilesional reorganization and sparing of the corticospinal tract during the motor recovery mechanisms after brain injury.

뇌졸중의 운동신경기능 회복

장성호,권용현 영남대학교 의과대학 2005 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Stroke is a leading cause of chronic physical disability. The recent randomized controlled trials have that motor function of chronic stroke survivors could be improved through physical or pharmacologic intervention in the stroke rehabilitation setting. In addition, several functional neuroimaging techniques have recently developed, it is available to study the functional topography of sensorimotor area of the brain. However, the mechanisms involved in motor recovery after stoke, are still poorly understood. Four motor recovery mechanisms have been suggested, such as reorganization into areas adjacent to the injured primary motor cortex (M1), unmasking of the motor pathway from the unaffected motor cortex to the affected hand, attribution of secondary motor areas, and recovery of the damaged contralateral corticospinal tract. Understanding the motor recovery mechanisms would provide neurorehabilitation specialists with more information to allow for precise prognosis and therapeutic strategies based on the scientific evidence; this may help promote recovery of motor function. This review introduces several methodologies for neuroimaging techniques and recovery after stroke. Perspectives, for future research are presented.

축산시설에서 발생되는 악취의 축종별 특성에 대한 설문조사

장영기,송기봉,김호정,유용희 한국환경영향평가학회 2004 환경영향평가 Vol.13 No.1

At Recent the number of livestock is rapidly increased and the scale of farm has changed to large operations in Korea. So the odors frcm livestock feeding operations have increased and become major environmental problem. The odor emission are dependent on the types of manure management system and the meteorological factors. This report presents the results of a questionnaire on the odor characteristics from livestock facilities for the beef, dairy, swine and poultry. It is founded that the impact by odors from the facilities for swine and poultry is higher than cow and dairy, and the odor intensity at morning is higher than other times.

디지털 방송의 역동적 소비에 관한 연구

장용호,김영주 서강대학교 언론문화연구소 1999 언론문화연구 Vol.16 No.-

수용성 키틴이 백서 창상치유에 미치는 영향

강장석,조용남,정상훈,유 결,임진수,권 호,조용우,고석원 大韓成形外科學會 2001 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.28 No.1

미만성 두부 손상 환자에서 체성감각 유발전위의 예후인자로서의 의의

장호석,박용석,이규춘 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

미만성 두부 손상환자에 대한 예후 예측 인자로 이용하고자 정중 신경 및 후 경골 신경체성감각 유발전위를 40명의 미만성 두부 손상의 진단을 받은 환자에서 실시한 후, 임상소견, 두부전산화 단층촬영 소견과의 관계를 살펴보고 기능 회복과 가능성을 관련시켜 미만성 두부 손상 환자에서 SEPs의 임상적 의의를 고찰하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1)SEPs는 GCS와 유의한 상관관계를 가진다. 2)SEPs는 Brain CT 소견과 상관관계를 가지며 특히 Brain CT소견에서 category Ⅰ,Ⅱ는 SEPs상 모두 Normal로 check되었다. 3)SEPs는 검사상 정상 소견을 나타낸 환자는 예후가 좋은 것으로 생각되어진다. 4)SEPs 검사는 정중신경이나 후 경골 신경중 한쪽만 선택하여 검사하여도 예후측정 인자로서 의미를 가진다. Somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs) were examined in 40 patients in diffuse brain injury by median and post. tibial nerve. An analysis of clinical signs, SEPs, brain CT findings and Glasgow Outcome Scales were undertaken retrospectively. It was the aim of this study to predict the prognostic value of SEPs in diffuse brain injured patients. The SEPs ftndings that concerned are PINI latency and amplitude were divided in 3 categories an no response(I), abnonnal response(ll), nomal reponse(Ⅲ). The results were as follows 1) SEPs have significant relation to GCS 2) SEPs also have significant relation to brain CT finding, especially in category I,Ⅱ which were normal response. 3) We concluded that head injury patients with normal SEPs are have favorable outcome. 4) The SEPs, whether median nerve or posterior tibial nerve, have value as a prognostic factor. SEPs may help to predict the outcome in acute stage and during the course of diffuse brain injured patients rather than brain CT on admission and GTS. SEPs may help to predict the outcome in acute stage and during the course of diffuse brain injured patients rather than brain CT on admission and GCS.

레슬링 선수들의 정신건강에 관한 연구

장호성,최종균,구용판 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2003 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to determine how a wrestler's sex, age, match experience and education level relate to his/her psychological health. A sample group was formed from 197 male and female players (senior high-school level or higher) who participated in the 2002 Korean Wrestling Tournament. The players are registered with the Korea Wrestling Federation. The questionnaire, which contained total 94 questions (i.e., 4 on sociodemographic characteristics and 90 on psychological health-related factors), showed the confidence level falling between .5006 and .8844 (Cronbach's alpha). The study, which relied on frequency analysis, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test, produced the following results. First, wrestlers' psychological health showed no statistically significant difference with regard to all sub-variables depending on sex. Second, wrestlers' psychological health showed a statistically significant difference regarding overall psychological health, somatizing disorder, obsession, oversensitivity to others, depression and hostility depending on age while no difference was noticed regarding insecurity, fear, paranoia and psychosis. Third, wrestlers' psychological health showed a statistically significant difference regarding overall psychological health, somatizing disorder, obsession, depression, paranoia and psychosis depending on match experience while no difference was noticed regarding oversensitivity to others, insecurity, hostility and fear. Fourth, wrestlers' psychological health showed a statistically significant difference regarding overall psychological health, somatizing disorder, obsession, depression, insecurity and hostility depending on education level while no difference was noticed regarding oversensitivity to others, fear, paranoia and psychosis.

건강한 한국인에서의 배변 조영술 소견

나용호,장명규,김태현,김형언,유광현,진경민 大韓消化器病學會 1995 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

Bone-supported pendulum을 이용한 상악대구치 원심이동

장용걸,박호원,이주현,서현우 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

상악 대구치의 원심이동이 요구되는 경우, 구외견인, Wilson distalizing arches, 가철식 스프링 장치 그리고 Schwarz plate-type 장치 등을 사용 할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 전통적인 대구치의 원심이동 장치들로 치료에 성공하기 위해서는 환자의 협조가 필수적이기 때문에 많은 소아치과 의사들은 환자 의존성을 최소화하고 임상가가 통제 할 수 있는 장치들로 전환하고 있다. 이 중 가장 일반적인 것이 pendulum 장치인데, 고정원이 되는 전방치아의 원하지 않는 이동과 고정원 소실, 그리고 구개부 고정원이 좋지 않은 경우 원하는 정도의 구치부 원심이동을 얻기 어렵다는 단점이 있다. 이와 같은 전통적인 pendulum의 단점을 해결하고자, SAS(Skeletal Anchorage System)를 pendulum에 접목하여 골에서 직접 지지를 얻는 변형된 형태의 pendulum, 즉 bone supported pendulum을 제작하여 장착 시킨 후 주기적인 관찰을 시행하였다. 본 증례는 혼합치열기 환자를 대상으로 bone supported pendulum을 사용하여 안정된 고정원 유지, 원치 않는 치아이동의 최소화 및 양호한 상악 대구치 원심이동 등을 관찰하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. To distalize the maxillary molars. the traditional techniques such as extra-oral traction. Wilson distalizing arches. removable spring appliances and Schwarz plate-type appliances have been used. But, these need considerable patient cooperation. For minimal patient compliance. many practitioners use the pendulum appliances. Several clinical studies demonstrated pendulum is effective molar distalization appliance in the growing patient(using the premolars and the palate as anchorage). But unfortunately, maxillary anterior teeth also shift mesially as the molar moves distally. As a result anchorage loss is occurred. To overcome these disadvantages, we used bone-supported pendulum, combined the conventional pendulum with Skeletal Anchorage System(SAS). The miniscrew was implanted in the anterior paramedian region of the median palatal suture, which has comparatively sufficient bone thickness and is low risk to damage on the dental follicles. We report three cases, using bone-supported pendulum for the maxillary molar distalization in children. After treatment, we find out anchorage stability, minimal unfavorable anterior tooth movement and sufficient molar distalization.