Triterpenes with cytotoxicity from the leaves of Vernicia fordii.

Pei, Yi-Hua,Kwon, Ok-Kyoung,Lee, Ji-Seon,Cha, Hyuk-Jin,Ahn, Kyung-Seop,Oh, Sei-Ryang,Lee, Hyeong-Kyu,Chin, Young-Won Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2013 Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.61 No.6

<P>Two new triterpenes, (1α,3β,8α,9β,10α,13α,14β)-9,10-dimethyl-25,26-dinorolean-5-en-1,3-diol (1) and (1α,3β,6β)-olean-12-en-1,3,6-triol (2) were isolated from the leaves of Aleurites fordii, together with five known triterpenes. The structures of isolates were established by one dimensional (1D)- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data along with MS analysis. Of the isolated compounds, 1, 2 and 4 (daturadiol) displayed moderate cytotoxicities against two or more human cancer cell lines in HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), SK-OV-3 (ovarian carcinoma), A-549 (lung carcinoma) and SNU-1 (gastric carcinoma).</P>

Effects of Cryoprotectant, Warming Solution and Removal of Lipid on Viability of Porcine Nuclear Transfer Embryos Vitrified by Open Pulled Straw Method

Pei-QingCong,Eun-Sook Song,Eui-Sook Kim,Zhao-Hua Li,Yong-Hua Zhang,Jang-Mi Lee,Young-Joo Yi,Chang-Sik Park 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of cryoprotectants, warming solution and removal of lipid on open pulled straw vitrification (OPS) method of porcine embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) of fetal fibroblasts. All solutions used during vitrification were prepared with holding medium consisting of 25 mM Hepes buffered TCM199 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 38.5℃. The blastocysts derived from NT with or without lipid were vitrified in each medium of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG). Also, blastocysts after cryopreservation were warmed into different concentrations of sucrose in warming solution. The optimal concentrations of cryoprotectants in vitrification solution were 10% DMSO + 10% EG in vitrification solution 1 (VS1) and 20% DMSO + 20% EG in vitrification solution 2 (VS2). The optimal concentrations of sucrose were 0.3 M sucrose in warming solution 1 (WS1) and 0.15 M sucrose in warming solution 2 (WS2). Lipid removal from oocytes before NT enhanced the viability of NT embryos after vitrification. Our results show that use of the OPS method in conjunction with lipid removal provides effective cryopreservation of porcine nuclear transfer embryos.

Effects of BSA, PVA, Gonadotropins and Follicle Shell on In Vitro Maturation and In Vitro Fertilization of Porcine Oocytes

Pei-Qing Cong,Eun-Sook Song,Eui-Sook Kim,Zhao-Hua Li,Yong-Hua Zhang,Young-Joo Yi,Chang-Sik Park 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.2

This study was designed to evaluate effects of BSA, PVA, gonadotropins and follicle shell during IVM of porcine oocytes and subsequent development to the blastocyst stage after IVF. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured in TCM-199 media containing 4 mg/ml BSA and 1 mg/ml PVA during IVM for 44 hr. To compare the effect of gonadotropins on oocyte maturation, COCs were cultured with FSH+LH, FSH, LH and FSH-LH-free media during IVM, respectively. Also, different number of follicle shells (0, 2, 4 and 6) was used to examine whether the presence of follicle shell in culture medium affects oocyte maturation. The percentages of fertilization and blastocyst formation, respectively, were higher in the medium containing the PVA (49.0 and 17.9%) than those containing the BSA (40.0 and 12.2%). Significantly higher rates of MII oocytes were in the presence of FSH+LH and FSH (88.6 and 85.1%) compared to other treatments (64.0 and 53.4% at LH and FSH-LH-free media). Co-culture with inverted follicle shells in 2 ml maturation medium enhanced the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. In conclusion, PVA could be used as a macromolecules instead of BSA, and FSH and follicle shell played important roles in maturation of porcine oocytes.

Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Program on Pain and Fear in School-aged Children Undergoing Intravenous Placement

Yi-Chuan Hsieh,Su-Fen Cheng,Pei-Kwei Tsay,Wen-Jen Su,Yen-Hua Cho,Chi-Wen Chen 한국간호과학회 2017 Asian Nursing Research Vol.11 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cognitive-behavioral program on pain and medical fear in hospitalized school-aged children receiving intravenous (IV) placement. Methods: This study used an quasi-experimental design. Thirty-five participants were assigned to the experimental group and 33 to the control group in the acute internal medicine ward of a children's hospital. The cognitive-behavioral program entailed having the patients read an educational photo book about IV placement before the procedure and having them watch their favorite music video during the procedure. The outcome measures were numeric rating scales for pain intensity and fear during the procedure. Results: After applying the cognitive-behavioral program, the mean scores on pain and fear decreased in the experimental group. However, the difference in pain intensity between these two groups was nonsignificant. The intensity of fear in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Conclusion: In this study, the cognitive-behavioral program used with school-aged hospitalized children promoted less fear during IV placement. The results of this study can serve as a reference for empirical nursing care and as care guidance for clinical IV injections involving children.

A multitype sensor placement method for the modal estimation of structure

Pei, Xue-Yang,Yi, Ting-Hua,Li, Hong-Nan Techno-Press 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.21 No.4

In structural health monitoring, it is meaningful to comprehensively utilize accelerometers and strain gauges to obtain the modal information of a structure. In this paper, a modal estimation theory is proposed, in which the displacement modes of the locations without accelerometers can be estimated by the strain modes of selected strain gauge measurements. A two-stage sensor placement method, in which strain gauges are placed together with triaxial accelerometers to obtain more structural displacement mode information, is proposed. In stage one, the initial accelerometer locations are determined through the combined use of the modal assurance criterion and the redundancy information. Due to various practical factors, however, accelerometers cannot be placed at some of the initial accelerometer locations; the displacement mode information of these locations are still in need and the locations without accelerometers are defined as estimated locations. In stage two, the displacement modes of the estimated locations are estimated based on the strain modes of the strain gauge locations, and the quality of the estimation is seen as a criterion to guide the selection of the strain gauge locations. Instead of simply placing a strain gauge at the midpoint of each beam element, the influence of different candidate strain gauge positions on the estimation of displacement modes is also studied. Finally, the modal assurance criterion is utilized to evaluate the performance of the obtained multitype sensor placement. A bridge benchmark structure is used for a numerical investigation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multitype sensor placement method.

Effects of BSA, PVA, Gonadotropins and Follicle Shell on In Vitro Maturation and In Vitro Fertilization of Porcine Oocytes

Cong, Pei-Qing,Song, Eun-Sook,Kim, Eui-Sook,Li, Zhao-Hua,Zhang, Yong-Hua,Yi, Young-Joo,Park, Chang-Sik 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

This study was designed to evaluate effects of BSA. PVA, gonadotropins and follicle shell during IVM of porcine oocytes and subsequent development to the blastocyst stage after IVF. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured. in TCM-199 media containing 4 mg/ml BSA and 1 mg/ml PVA during IVM for 44 hr. To compare the effect of gonadotropins on oocyte maturation, COCs were cultured. with FSH+LH, FSH, LH and FSH-LH-free media during IVM, respectively. Also, different number of follicle shells (0, 2, 4 and 6) was used to examine whether the presence of follicle shell in culture medium affects oocyte maturation. The percentages of fertilization and blastocyst formation, respectively, were higher in the medium containing the PVA (49.0 and 17.9%) than those containing the BSA (40.0 and 12.2%). Significantly higher rates of MII oocytes were in the presence of FSH+LH and FSH (88.6 and 85.1%) compared to other treatments (64.0 and 53.4% at LH and FSH-LH-free media). Co-culture with inverted follicle shells in 2 ml maturation medium enhanced the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. In conclusion, PVA could be used as a macromolecules instead of BSA, and FSH and follicle shell played important roles in maturation of porcine oocytes.

Effects of Cryoprotectant, Warming Solution and Removal of Lipid on Viability of Porcine Nuclear Tranfer Embryos Vitrified by Open Pulled Straw Method

Cong, Pei-Qing,Song, Eun-Sook,Kim, Eui-Sook,Li, Zhao-Hua,Zhang, Yong-Hua,Lee, Jang-Mi,Yi, Young-Joo,Park, Chang-Sik 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of cryoprotectants, warming solution and removal of lipid on open pulled straw vitrification (OPS) method of porcine embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) of fetal fibroblasts. All solutions used during vitrification were prepared with holding medium consisting of 25 mM Hepes buffered TCM199 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 38.5℃. The blastocysts derived from NT with or without lipid were vitrified in each medium of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG). Also, blastocysts after cryopreservation were warmed into different concentrations of sucrose in warming solution. The optimal concentrations of cryoprotectants in vitrification solution were 10% DMSO + 10% EG in vitrification solution 1 (VS1) and 20% DMSO + 20% EG in vitrification solution 2 (VS2). The optimal concentrations of sucrose were 0.3 M sucrose in warming solution 1 (WS1) and 0.15 M sucrose in warming solution 2 (WS2). Lipid removal from oocytes before NT enhanced the viability of NT embryos after vitrification. Our results show that use of the OPS method in conjunction with lipid removal provides effective cryopreservation of porcine nuclear transfer embryos.

Effects of Cryoprotectant, Warming Solution and Removal of Lipid on Viability of Porcine Nuclear Transfer Embryos Vitrified by Open Pulled Straw Method

Cong, Pei-Qing,Song, Eun-Sook,Kim, Eui-Sook,Li, Zhao-Hua,Zhang, Yong-Hua,Lee, Jang-Mi,Yi, Young-Joo,Park, Chang-Sik The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of cryoprotectants, warming solution and removal of lipid on open pulled straw vitrification (OPS) method of porcine embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) of fetal fibroblasts. All solutions used during vitrification were prepared with holding medium consisting of 25 mM Hepes buffered TCM199 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at $38.5^{\circ}C$. The blastocysts derived from NT with or without lipid were vitrified in each medium of different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG). Also, blastocysts after cryopreservation were warmed into different concentrations of sucrose in warming solution. The optimal concentrations of cryoprotectants in vitrification solution were 10% DMSO + 10% EG in vitrification solution 1 (VS1) and 20% DMSO + 20% EG in vitrification solution 2 (VS2). The optimal concentrations of sucrose were 0.3 M sucrose in warming solution 1 (WS1) and 0.15 M sucrose in warming solution 2 (WS2). lipid removal from oocytes before NT enhanced the viability of NT embryos after vitrification. Our results show that use of the OPS method in conjunction with lipid removal provides effective cryopreservation of porcine nuclear transfer embryos.

Effects of BSA, PVA, Gonadotropins and Follicle Shell on In Vitro Maturation and In Vitro Fertilization of Porcine Oocytes

Cong, Pei-Qing,Song, Eun-Sook,Kim, Eui-Sook,Li, Zhao-Hua,Zhang, Yong-Hua,Yi, Young-Joo,Park, Chang-Sik The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2007 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.31 No.2

This study was designed to evaluate effects of BSA, PVA, gonadotropins and follicle shell during IVM of porcine oocytes and subsequent development to the blastocyst stage after IVF. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured in TCM-199 media containing 4 mg/ml BSA and 1 mg/ml PVA during IVM for 44 hr. To compare the effect of gonadotropins on oocyte maturation, COCs were cultured with FSH+LH, FSH, LH and FSH-LH-free media during IVM. respectively. Also, different number of follicle shells (0, 2, 4 and 6) was used to examine whether the presence of follicle shell in culture medium affects oocyte maturation. The percentages of fertilization and blastocyst formation, respectively, were higher in the medium containing the PVA (49.0 and 17.9%) than those containing the BSA (40.0 and 12.2%). Significantly higher rates of Mil oocytes were in the presence of FSH+LH and FSH (88.6 and 85.1 %) compared to other treatments (64.0 and 53.4% at LH and FSH-LH-free media). Co-culture with inverted follicle shells in 2 ml maturation medium enhanced the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. In conclusion, PVA could be used as a macromolecules instead of BSA, and FSH and follicle shell played important roles in maturation of porcine oocytes.

Kinetic study on carbonation of crude Li_2CO_3 with CO_2-water solutions in a slurry bubble column reactor

Wen-Tao Yi,Chun-Yan Yan,Pei-Hua Ma 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.3

Investigations were conducted to purify crude Li_2CO_3 via direct carbonation with CO_2-water solutions at atmospheric pressure. The experiments were carried out in a slurry bubble column reactor with 0.05 m inner diameter and 1.0 m height. Parameters that may affect the dissolution of Li_2CO-3 in the CO_2-water solutions such as CO-2-bubble perforation diameter, CO_2 partial pressure, CO_2 gas flow rate, Li-2CO-3 particle size, solid concentration in the slurry,reaction temperature, slurry height in the column and so on were investigated. It was found that the increases of CO_2partial pressure, and CO_2 flow rate were favorable to the dissolution of Li_2CO_3, which had the opposite effects with Li_2CO_3 particle size, solid concentration, slurry height in the column and temperature. On the other hand, in order to get insight into the mechanism of the refining process, reaction kinetics was studied. The results showed that the kinetics of the carbonation process can be properly represented by 1−3(1−X)^(2/3)+2(1−X)=kt+b, and the rate-determining step of this process under the conditions studied was product layer diffusion. Finally, the apparent activation energy of the carbonation reaction was obtained by calculation. This study will provide theoretical basis for the reactor design and the optimization of the process operation.