Restoration of Cdk5, TrkB and Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Protein Receptor Proteins after Chronic Methylphenidate Treatment in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats, a Model for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Yeni Kim,Songhee Jeon,Ha Jin Jeong,Seong Mi Lee,Ike dela Peña,Hee Jin Kim,Doug Hyun Han,Bung-Nyun Kim,Jae Hoon Cheong 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.7

Objective Synaptic vesicle mobilization and neurite outgrowth regulation molecules were examined in modulation of effects of methylphenidate (MPH) in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs), a model for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods We compared the changes in the protein expression level of Cyclin dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and molecular substrates of Cdk5; tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), syntaxin 1A (STX1A) and synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25). Comparisons were made in prefrontal cortex of vehicle (distilled water i.p. for 7 days)-treated SHRs, vehicle-treated Wistar Kyoto Rats (WKYs) and MPH (2 mg/kg i.p. for 7 days) treated SHRs. Results The Cdk5 level of vehicle-treated SHRs was significantly decreased compared to the Cdk5 level of vehicle-treated WKY rats, but was restored to the expression level of vehicle-treated WKYs in MPH-treated SHR. The ratio of p25/p35 was significantly decreased in MPH-treated SHR compared to vehicle-treated SHR. Moreover, TrkB, STX1A and SNAP25 of vehicle-treated SHRs were significantly decreased compared to vehicle-treated WKY rats, but were restored to the expression level of vehicle-treated WKYs in MPH-treated SHR. Conclusion The results show that Cdk5, TrkB, STX1A, and SNAP25 were involved in the modulation of MPH effects in prefrontal cortex of SHRs and play important role in treatment of ADHD.

Calcineurin dephosphorylates glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta at serine-9 in neuroblast-derived cells

Kim, Yeni,Lee, Yun-Il,Seo, MiRan,Kim, So-Young,Lee, Ji-Eun,Youn, Hong-Duk,Kim, Yong-Sik,Juhnn, Yong-Sung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of Neurochemistry Vol.111 No.2

<P>Abstract</P><P>This study examined the role of calcineurin, a major calcium-dependent protein phosphatase, in dephosphorylating Ser-9 and activating glycogen synthase kinase-3&bgr; (GSK-3&bgr;). Treatment with calcineurin inhibitors increased phosphorylation of GSK-3&bgr; at Ser-9 in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. The over-expression of a constitutively active calcineurin mutant, calcineurin A beta (1–401), led to a significant decrease in phosphorylation at Ser-9, an increase in the activity of GSK-3&bgr;, and an increase in the phosphorylation of tau. K<SUB>m</SUB> of calcineurin for a GSK-3&bgr; phosphopeptide was 469.3 &mgr;M, and specific activity of calcineurin was 15.2 nmol/min/mg. In addition, calcineurin and GSK-3&bgr; were co-immunoprecipitated in neuron-derived cells and brain tissues, and calcineurin formed a complex only with dephosphorylated GSK-3&bgr;. We conclude that <I>in vitro,</I> calcineurin can dephosphorylate GSK-3&bgr; at Ser-9 and form a stable complex with GSK-3&bgr;, suggesting the possibility that calcineurin regulates the dephosphorylation and activation of GSK-3&bgr;<I>in vivo</I>.</P>

Perinatal and Familial Risk Factors Are Associated with Full Syndrome and Subthreshold Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Korean Community Sample

HyoWon Kim,SooChurl Cho,BoongNyun Kim,JaeWon Kim,MinSup Shin,Yeni Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2009 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.6 No.4

Objective-The objective of this study was to examine the effect of perinatal and familial risk factors on full syndrome and subthreshold attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among Korean children and adolescents. Methods-A sample of 2,673 students was randomly selected from 19 representative schools in Seoul, Korea. The parents of the students completed the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-version IV (DISC-IV), as well as questionnaires on perinatal and familial risk factors. Results-Maternal stress and alcohol use during pregnancy, parental marital discord, parental separation or divorce, changes in primary caregivers, and notbreastfeeding were significantly associated with full syndrome ADHD; however, maternal stress during pregnancy was the only variable that differentiated subthreshold ADHD from non-ADHD. Conclusion-Our results provide evidence the perinatal and familial risk factors contribute to the development of ADHD in Korea children and adolescents, and suggest that these perinatal and familial risk factors are more closely related to full syndrome than to subthreshold ADHD.

Neuronal Differentiation in ASD

Yeni Kim(김예니) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2019 대한소아청소년정신의학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.11

[Erratum: Authorship Correction] Association of coffee consumption with health-related quality of life and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: based on 2013 ~ 2016 Korea National Health andNutrition Examination Survey

Kim, Hyesook,Kim, Yu Jin,Lim, Yeni,Kwon, Oran 한국영양학회 2019 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.52 No.4

박경리의 초기 단편소설의 서사적 거리감에 따른 변화 양상

김예니(Kim, Yenie) 돈암어문학회 2014 돈암어문학 Vol.27 No.-

박경리 초기 단편소설을 둘러싼 기존의 논의는 1950년대 발표한 단편들 전반을 대상으로 평가했다고 보기 어렵다. 그래서 기존 연구대상에서 소외되었던 작품 역시 평가의 대상으로 삼고 서사적 거리감에 따른 작품의 완성도를 평가함으로써 1950년대 박경리의 문학적 독창성과 작품의 의미를 연구하고자 한다. <計算>, <黑黑白白>, <剪刀>의 여성주인공은 아직 타자와 교류하지 못하고 사회적 주체로서의 인식이 없으며 미성숙하다. 하지만 <不信時代>에 이르러서는 처참한 상황에서도 살아내는 가난한 사람들이라는 ‘타자’를 발견하면서 자아의 사회화에 대한 의지와 계기를 마련했고, <반딧불>에 이르면 자전적 요소를 공유하더라도 작가와 등장인물간의 거리가 좀 더 멀어진 것을 확인할 수 있다. <반딧불>에서는 전쟁 이전이라는 보다 먼 시공간을 선택함으로써 작가는 전쟁의 상흔을 다룰 때보다 더 서사적 거리감을 확보하였고, 이를 통해 여성주인공의 성격이 왜 결벽증적으로 형성되었는지 설득력 있게 보여줄 수 있었던 것이다. 그리고 자전적 요소가 없는 작품들을 살펴보면, <僻地>, <어느 正午의 決定>, <비는 내린다>와 같은 연애서사가 주를 이루는 작품들과 <군食口>, <海東旅館의 迷那>, <道標없는 길>과 같은 기존 여성주인공이 아닌 남자, 아이를 주인공으로 내세운 전혀 다른 특징의 작품들이 있다. 그중 <僻地>, <어느 正午의 決定>, <비는 내린다>는 낭만적 사랑이야기로 운명의 하강 국면에서 오는 비극성을 특성으로 한다. 이런 연애서사에서는 자전적 요소가 사라지고 사랑하는 대상에 대한 추구를 통해 낭만적 사랑을 성취하려 하기에 내러티브가 강조된다. 그리고 <군食口>, <道標 없는 길>, <海東旅館의 迷那>에서 작가는 자신의 분신이 아닌 남성이나 아이를 주인공으로 내세워 인물의 다양화와 구체화를 통해 대상과의 서사적 거리를 더욱 확실하게 확보하게 된다. 현실인식이 치열하게 나타나진 않지만 그 시대를 살아가는 인간 군상의 구체적인 모습이 묘사되고 생동감 있는 인물들을 통해 박경리 특유의 소설적 재미와 미학적 가치가 더욱 잘 드러나 있다고 할 수 있다. 이는 <道標 없는 길>에서 더욱 잘 드러난다. 초기소설이 보여주는 비극성의 특징은 어쩔 수 없는 상황에서 세상과 타협하지 못하면서 ‘자기 소외’를 스스로 선택하고 이를 통해 세상에 섞이지 않는 것으로 소극적인 반항을 시도하지만 그 결말은 비극이고 운명을 바꿀 수 없다는 점에서 더욱 그러하다. 그리고 고통으로부터 벗어나 정신적 승리를 이루는 방식의 신화화 역시 거부하며 세상에 대한 대결의식을 버리지 않은 채, 묵묵히 자신의 운명을 감당하고자 하는 인물들은 숭고하기까지 하다. 시공간이 흐릿하여 현실인식이나 고발정신 역시 후퇴한 점이 있지만, 능동적 인물들을 창조한 덕분에 박경리 문학세계의 독창성이 드러난다고 할 수 있다.

성인기 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애의 평가척도

김예니(Yeni Kim),정희연(Hee-Yeon Jung),노성원(Sungwon Roh) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2010 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.21 No.1

This review aimed to assist clinicians in the identification and assessment of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with an emphasis on diagnostic and rating instruments. Pubmed and RISS were utilized to identify relevant studies and critical reviews on the diagnosis and assessment of adult ADHD, published between 1988 and 2010. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-v1.1, the ADHD Rating Scale-IV, the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale, and the Current Symptoms Scale have been utilized for self-reporting of current ADHD symptoms. The Brown ADD Rating Scale, the ADHD Rating Scale-IV, the Current Symptoms Scale, and the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale have also been evaluated by an observer. The Childhood Symptom Scale and the Wender-Utah Rating Scale have been used for retrospective assessment of childhood ADHD symptoms and the Adult ADHD Investigator Symptom Rating Scale, the Adult Interview, the Brown ADD Diagnostic Form, the Conners adult ADHD diagnostic interview for DSM-IV, and the Wender-Reimherr Interview have been available as comprehensive diagnostic interviews. There is a wide variety of instruments available with respect to adult ADHD. The choice of appropriate instruments is essential for achieving accurate diagnosis and assessment of this disorder.

말단계의 전략적 사용을 통한 모호한 관계 만들기: 대학생의 카카오톡 의사소통에 나타나는 공적 말하기 전략

김예니 ( Kim Yeny ),안준희 ( Ahn Junehui ) 한국문화인류학회 2023 韓國文化人類學 Vol.56 No.1

다양한 맥락이 중첩된 의사소통 상황에서 개인은 복잡하고 절묘한 말단계 선택을 통해 전략적인 관계 맺기를 시도한다. 본 논문은 A대학교 교내 동아리 ‘비하인드’의 ‘팀장단’이 참여한 카카오톡 채팅을 분석하여, 규범적 말단계에서 벗어난 ‘모호한 말단계’가 일상적 의사소통에서 사용되고 있음을 보여준다. 팀장단 채팅방에서 ‘모호한 말단계’는 ‘말단계 선택 회피’, ‘영어로 말하기’, ‘높임 어미 변형’, ‘이모티콘을 동반한 말하기’의 네 가지 유형으로 나타났으며, 이러한 ‘모호한 말단계’는 이들이 참여하는 말상황의 성격 또한 모호하게 만들고 있었다. 동아리 업무의 원활한 수행이라는 목표를 위해 서로를 공적이면서도 편안하게 대하는 팀장단의 조직 문화를 고려했을 때, ‘모호한 말단계’ 사용이라는 팀장단의 언어적 실천은 실천공동체의 목표를 달성하기 위한 정체성 실천으로 해석할 수 있다. 구체적으로 팀장단은 ‘모호한 말단계’ 사용을 통해 한편으로는 동료이자 친구라는 다중역할을 동시에 수행하고(긍정적 정체성 실천), 다른 한편으로는 위계적인 관계를 피하며(부정적 정체성 실천) 공식성과 친밀함 사이에 있는 관계의 모호성을 유지하였다. In everyday life where various contexts are layered, Korean speakers not just choose only one of the grammatical Korean speech levels but take more complex linguistic strategies. From the perspective of interactional sociolinguistics, which assumes sociocultural contexts of communication are created from each verbal and non-verbal interaction made by individuals, this study analyzed the KakaoTalk chats involving ‘team leaders’ of ‘BE:HIND’, the members of a student club at A University. The study found that four kinds of ‘indistinct speech levels’ - ‘avoiding choice of a particular speech level’, ‘speaking in English’, ‘modifying an ending of the words’, and ‘speaking with emoticons’ - were used in their daily communication for ‘working’ and made the speech situations ambiguous. Considering that team leaders aimed to treat each other both officially and comfortably for working, the use of ‘indistinct speech levels’ is a kind of identity practice to achieve a goal of team leaders as member of the community of practice. They produced the ambiguity of their relationship between formality and intimacy in order to ‘proper’ working environment by using ‘indistinct speech levels’ as a strategy for performing their multiple roles of coworkers and friends at the same time(positive identity practice) and avoiding hierarchical relationships(negative identity practice).

The fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms improves arterial stiffness and blood pressure: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Eunkyoung Oh,Youjin Kim,Soo-yeon Park,Yeni Lim,Ji-yoon Shin,Ji Yeon Kim,Ji-Hyun Kim,Moo-Yong Rhee,Oran Kwon 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are 2 of the independent predictors for cardiovascular disease, while Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH) is a traditional medicinal plant that can improve cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the fruit of ASH on vascular function in apparently healthy subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, consisting of healthy adults with at least 2 of the following 3 conditions: borderline high blood pressure (BP; 120 mmHg ≤ systolic BP ≤ 160 mmHg or 80 mmHg ≤ diastolic BP ≤ 100 mmHg), smoking (≥10 cigarettes/day), and borderline blood lipid levels (220 ≤ total cholesterol ≤ 240, 130 ≤ low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤ 165, or 150 ≤ triglyceride ≤ 220 mg/dL). Randomly assigned 76 subjects who received a placebo or 2 doses of ASH fruit (low, 500 mg/day; high, 1,000 mg/day) completed the intervention. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media thickness, and BP were measured both at baseline and following the 12-week intervention. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the placebo group, the low-dose group showed more significant changes after the 12-week intervention period in terms of systolic BP (0.1 vs. −7.7 mmHg; P = 0.044), baPWV (31.3 vs. −98.7 cm/s; P = 0.007), and the ratio of phospho-eNOS/eNOS (0.8 vs. 1.22; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ASH fruit extract at 500 mg/day has the potential to improve BP and arterial stiffness via endothelial eNOS activation in healthy adults with smoking and the tendency of having elevated BP or blood lipid parameters.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Behavioral Intervention : An Updated Review

Park, Hae-Ah,Kim, Johanna Inhyang,Kim, Yeni,Park, Subin,Yang, Younghui,Lee, Youngsun,Lee, Hyojung,Kim, Soo Yeon,Kim, Bung-Nyun Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2015 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.26 No.2

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by impaired social communication and repetitive, restricted behaviors and activities. The prevalence of ASD has been increasing for the past 2 decades, but evidence-based therapeutic approaches are lacking for patients with ASD. To date, there is no cure for the core symptoms of ASD, and the existing treatments focus on improving the patient's function and adaptation by using behavioral intervention methods. Behavioral interventions have been proven to show the greatest effect when applied before the age of 2 years, for at least 40-60 hours per week. Many clinicians and ASD families are unfamiliar with the treatment methods, and consequently, may seek unproven and potentially hazardous methods. The purpose of this article was to present an extensive and updated review on evidence-based ASD behavioral interventions that are commonly used in clinical settings.