Influence of host plants on the development, survivorship, and fecundity of the summer fruit tortrix moth, Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Li Guang‐wei,Wang Hui‐min,Yang Wen‐tao,Chen Xiu‐lin,Li Bo‐liao,Chen Yu‐xin 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.10

The summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana is a seriously damaged leaf roller pest for fruit trees. In this study, we evaluated the effect of five host plants (apple, Malus domestica B.; peach, Prunus persica var. nectarina; apricot, Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.; mulberry, Morus alba L.; and jujube, Ziziphus jujuba M.) on the development, survival, and fecundity of A. orana under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the development times of A. orana on jujube were significantly longer than those on the other four plants. The preimaginal survival rate was influenced by the host plants, which were fed during the larval stage, and with the highest on peach, followed by apple, apricot, and mulberry, and with the lowest on jujube. Adult females from larvae reared on apricot laid the greatest numbers of eggs (318.11 eggs per female), while that on apple, jujube, and mulberry was smaller, and no significant difference was observed among them. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed on peach and apricot; these two fruit trees were considered to be the most suitable host plant for A. orana because of the shorter developmental duration, higher survival rate, and the highest fecundity.

Characterization of Two Metagenome-Derived Esterases That Reactivate Chloramphenicol by Counteracting Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase

( Wei Xin Tao ),( Myung Hwan Lee ),( Mi Young Yoon ),( Jin Cheol Kim ),( Shweta Malhotra ),( Jing Wu ),( Eul Chul Hwang ),( Seon Woo Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.12

Function-driven metagenomic analysis is a powerful approach to screening for novel biocatalysts. In this study, we investigated lipolytic enzymes selected from an alluvial soil metagenomic library, and identified two novel esterases, EstDL26 and EstDL136. EstDL26 and EstDL136 reactivated chloramphenicol from its acetyl derivates by counteracting the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in Escherichia coli. These two enzymes showed only 27% identity in amino acid sequence to each other; however both preferentially hydrolyzed short-chain p-nitrophenyl esters (≤C5) and showed mesophilic properties. In vitro, EstDL136 catalyzed the deacetylation of 1- and 3- acetyl and 1,3-diacetyl derivates; in contrast, EstDL26 was not capable of the deacetylation at C1, indicating a potential regioselectivity. EstDL26 and EstDL136 were similar to microbial hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and since chloramphenicol acetate esterase (CAE) activity was detected from two other soil esterases in the HSL family, this suggests a distribution of CAE among the soil microorganisms. The isolation and characterization of EstDL26 and EstDL136 in this study may be helpful in understanding the diversity of CAE enzymes and their potential role in releasing active chloramphenicol in the producing bacteria.

Prevalence of Spina Bifida Occulta and Its Relationship With Overactive Bladder in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese People

Jun Wei Wu,Yu Rong Xing,Yi Bo Wen,Tian Fang Li,Quan De Feng,Xiao Ping Shang,Yun Long Li,Jin Jin Feng,Xin Xin Wang,Rong Qun Zhai,Xiang Fei He,Tao Chen,Xin Jian Liu,Jian Guo Wen 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of spina bifida occulta (SBO) and its relationship with the presence of overactive bladder (OAB) in middle-aged and elderly people in China. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based survey was carried out at 7 communities in Zhengzhou City, China from December 15, 2013 to June 10, 2014, where residents aged over 40 years were randomly selected to participate. All of the participants underwent lumbosacral radiographic analysis and relevant laboratory tests. A questionnaire including basic information, past medical history and present illness, and the OAB symptom score was filled out by all participants. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used for data analysis with a P-value of <0.05 denoting statistical significance. Results: A total of 1,061 subjects were qualified for the final statistical analysis (58.8±11.7 years; male, 471 [44.4%]; female, 590 [55.6%]). The overall prevalence of SBO was 15.1% (160 of 1,061): 18.3% (86 of 471) in men and 12.5% (74 of 590) in women. Among these subjects, 13.7% (145 of 1,061) had OAB: 13.2% (62 of 471) in men and 14.1% (83 of 590) in women. The results of logistic regression showed that age, SBO, history of cerebral infarction (HCI), and constipation were risk factors for OAB (P<0.05), while sex, history of childhood enuresis (HCE), body mass index (BMI), and diabetes mellitus (DM) were not (P>0.05). In men, age, SBO, and constipation were risk factors for OAB (P<0.05), while HCE, BMI, DM, HCI, and benign prostate hyperplasia were not (P>0.05). In women, age, SBO, and HCI were risk factors for OAB (P<0.05), while HCE, BMI, DM, vaginal delivery, and constipation were not (P>0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of SBO is high and it is related to OAB in middle-aged and elderly people in China.

Comparison of Primary Breast Cancer Size by Mammography and Sonography

Wang, Jian-Tao,Chang, Li-Ming,Song, Xin,Zhao, Li-Xin,Li, Jun-Tao,Zhang, Wei-Guo,Ji, Ying-Bin,Cai, Li-Na,Di, Wei,Yang, Xin-Yu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Purpose: To compare tumor size by mammography and sonography and align with pathological results in primary breast cancer cases. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 95 primary breast cancer patients who underwent mammography and sonography from January 2011 to June 2012. The largest tumor diameter was chosen as sizing reference for each imaging modality. The measurements of mammography and sonography were considered concordant if they were within the measurement of pathological results ${\pm}0.5cm$. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for imaging results. Results: The range of the maximum diameter was 0.6cm-10.5cm and mean value was $3.81{\pm}2.04cm$ by pathological results, 0.7cm-12.4 cm and $3.99{\pm}2.19cm$ by mammography, and 0.9cm-11.0cm and $3.63{\pm}2.01cm$ by sonography, respectively. Sonography (R: 0.754), underestimated tumor size, but had a better correlation with pathological tumor size compared to mammography (R: 0.676), which overestimated tumor size. Conclusions: Sonography is superior to mammography in assessment of primary breast cancer.

Class Incremental ELM and Application for Image Recognition

Wei Tao,Ji Xin-Sheng 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.9

In image recognition field, the fact is that the trained image classifier can not recognize the images, whose class type is not the same as the training data. To resolve this problem, a new image classifier is proposed, which is based on the class incremental extreme learning machine. The new classifier can recognize the normal images well, label them with new labels, and update itself with the new labeled data. Tested on the real-world daily activity data set, the results show that our algorithm performs well.

Extractive Biodegradation of Diphenyl Ethers in a Cloud Point System: Pollutant Bioavailability Enhancement and Surfactant Recycling

Tao Pan,Chunyan Liu,Qiao Xin,MEI-YING XU,Yangwu Deng,Wei Dong,Shuijing Yu 한국생물공학회 2017 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.22 No.5

The biodegradation of diphenyl ethers (DEs) in the environment is limited by their high hydrophobicity. The enhancement of DE bioavailability by a cloud point system (CPS) was investigated in this study. Three CPSs (i.e., Triton X-114, Triton X-114 + Triton X-45, and Brij30 + TMN-3) were tested to promote DE biodegradation. Biocompatibility tests showed that the biodegradation of DE and 4-bromodiphenyl ether (4-BDE) was inhibited by TX-114, unaffected by TX-114 + TX-45, and promoted by Brij30 + TMN-3 over 48 h of cultivation with Cupriavidus basilensis and 4% (w/v) nonionic surfactants. Further optimization with 2% (w/v) Brij30 + TMN-3 yielded residual DE and 4-BDE quantities of 143 and 154 mg/L, respectively, lower than quantities in the control. During degradation, DE content did not decrease in the dilute phase, but sharply decreased in the coacervate phase, indicating that the DEs gradually diffused and transferred from the coacervate phase to the dilute phase for degradation by microbial cells. This behavior also enhanced the bioavailability of DEs in the CPS. By removing the cellrich dilute phase and adding fresh degradation medium and DE to the coacervate phase, surfactants were successfully recovered and reused twice without affecting DE biodegradation. Results demonstrated that a CPS with 2% (w/v) Brij30 + TMN-3 not only enhanced the bioavailability of DEs, but also decreased the treatment cost through surfactant recycling, which is beneficial for large-scale applications.

An Improved Method for Rapid Preparation of Oligodendrocytespecific Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Tao Wang,Wei Wang,Lintao Jia,Xin Bu,Fang Wang,Libo Yao,Bin Zhang 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.3

Antibodies are important tools in the study of protein function and diagnostic tests. However, traditional antiserum preparation requires a time-consuming immunization protocol and subsequent purification of polyclonal antibodies. In this study, a rapid and efficient method for polyclonal antibody preparation has been developed. Juxtanodin (JN) and silent information regulator-2 (Sirt2),both of which are oligodendrocyte-specific proteins, were used for antibody preparation. The N-terminal 170 amino acids of JN (JN170) and amino acids 231-351 of Sirt2 (Sirt2-121) were expressed as GST-tagged proteins from a pET-41a(+) vector in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) cells. The fusion proteins were purified and used to immunize rabbits following both a traditional protocol, in which antigen was presented biweekly, and a modified rapid protocol, in which the immunization on day 1 was boosted on days 5and 28. ELISA, Western blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining showed that antibodies produced via the rapid protocol could recognize these two oligodendrocytespecific proteins in vitro and in the rat central nervous system (CNS), respectively, similar to those produced with the traditional protocol. Thus, our study provides a novel rapid method to prepare high specificity antibodies via a modified immunization protocol and subsequent antibody purification.

Effect of Mechanical Alloying and Sintering Behavior on the Microstructure and Properties of NbMoTaWRe Refractory High Entropy Alloy

Tao Gu,Li‑Min Wang,Qiang Hu,Xiu‑Bing Liang,Dong‑Xing Fu,Yong‑Xiong Chen,Xin‑Ming Zhao,Yan‑Wei Sheng 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.11

An equiatomic refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) NbMoTaWRe is prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and sparkplasma sintering (SPS). The effects of mechanical alloying and sintering behaviors on the microstructure and propertiesof the RHEA are investigated. After ball-milling for 30 h, the metastable and supersaturated MA powders with the bodycenteredcubic (BCC) structure are obtained. Then, the MA powders are sintered using the SPS method under the sinteringtemperature range of 1700–1900 °C, and the C atoms and WC introduced by the MA process reacts with the metastable andsupersaturated Ta/Nb phase of the MA powers to form the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure (Nb, Ta)C particles alongthe BCC matrix boundaries during the SPS process. The NbMoTaWRe alloy sintered at 1800 °C consisted of BCC matrixand FCC-type (Nb, Ta)C particles has high compactness (porosity fraction is 0.32%), fracture strength (2630 MPa), plasticstrain (6.82%), and hardness (992 ± 20 HV). These excellent properties of this RHEA are mainly attributed to the combinationof multi-effects, including sintering densification, grain refinement strengthening from the refined sizes (3.80 μm) BCCmatrix, precipitation strengthening from the (Nb, Ta)C particles, solid solution strengthening from multi-principal elementsand interstitial solid solution strengthening from C atoms dissolving into BCC matrix.

A20 ameliorates disc degeneration by suppressing mTOR/BNIP3 axis-mediated mitophagy

Peng Xin,Zhang Cong,Gao Jia-Wei,Wang Feng,Bao Jun-Ping,Zhou Zhi-Min,Sun Rui,Ji Hang-Yu,VLF Cabral,Wu Xiao-Tao 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.5

Background The pathological mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is an unanswered question that we are committed to exploring. A20 is an anti-inflammatory protein of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and plays a protective role in intervertebral disc degeneration. Objective This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism by which A20 attenuates disc degeneration. Methods The proteins of interest were measured by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, ELISA assay, and immunohistochemical technique to conduct related experiments. Immunofluorescence assays and mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1) were used to assess mitophagy and mitochondrial fitness, respectively. Results Here, we demonstrated that A20 promoted mitophagy, attenuated pyroptosis, and inhibited the degradation of the extracellular matrix, consequently significantly ameliorating disc degeneration. Mechanistically, A20 reduces pyroptosis and further suppresses cellular mTOR activity. On the one hand, A20-induced mTOR inhibition triggers BNIP3-mediated mitophagy to ensure mitochondrial fitness under LPS stimulation, as a result of mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction induced by LPS. On the other hand, A20-induced mTOR inhibition reduces the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the generation of Mitochondrial ROS. Conclusion The study revealed that A20 promotes BNIP3-mediated mitophagy by suppressing mTOR pathway activation against LPS-induced pyroptosis.

Effect of the reaction temperature on nanocrystallites MgAl2O4 spinel ceramic precursor

Rong-tao Wang,Ying Peng,Xiao-wei Fan,Jian-xin Li,Xiao-ping Liang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.6

Mg-Al hydrotalcite (Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O), the precursor of MgAl2O4 spinel, has been synthesized via a coprecipitation method, using AlCl3·6H2O and MgCl2·6H2O as the raw materials, and NaOH and Na2CO3 as the precipitators. The effect of the reaction temperature, from 50℃ to 90℃, on the Mg-Al hydrotalcite nanocrystallites was analyzed. The nanocrystallites were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was confirmed that Mg-Al hydrotalcite nanocrystallites are pure and regularly hexagonal, having a typical hydrotalcite structure. The Mg-Al hydrotalcite crystals grow from about 30 nm to 100 nm with an increase in the reaction temperature from 50℃ to 90 ℃, and the crystal form also tends to perfect and regularly hexagonal. Mg-Al hydrotalcite (Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O), the precursor of MgAl2O4 spinel, has been synthesized via a coprecipitation method, using AlCl3·6H2O and MgCl2·6H2O as the raw materials, and NaOH and Na2CO3 as the precipitators. The effect of the reaction temperature, from 50℃ to 90℃, on the Mg-Al hydrotalcite nanocrystallites was analyzed. The nanocrystallites were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was confirmed that Mg-Al hydrotalcite nanocrystallites are pure and regularly hexagonal, having a typical hydrotalcite structure. The Mg-Al hydrotalcite crystals grow from about 30 nm to 100 nm with an increase in the reaction temperature from 50℃ to 90 ℃, and the crystal form also tends to perfect and regularly hexagonal.