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이승준 ( Seungjun Lee ),김영욱 ( Yungwook Kim ),( Thomas Schinko ) 한국환경연구원 2018 기후환경정책연구 Vol.2018 No.-
The purpose of this study is to suggest strategies for effective stakeholder engagement in climate risk management, based on the fact that understanding the way the laypeople perceive climate risk is crucial for effective policy communication and participation. We suggest a framework for stakeholder engagement in climate risk management, while analyzing the perception that laypeople have on climate risk in order to apply the analyzed results to a stakeholder engagement process. We also provide insights into stakeholder engagement by studying Austrian cases in climate risk management. Climate risk management encompasses various issues from those resolving specific conflicts to those that are comprehensive and need to be communicated to the public. Considering the wide spectrum of topics in climate risk management, we suggest a framework of selecting appropriate methods for stakeholder engagement based on the characteristics of the topic and the exposed level of conflict. Regarding the characteristics of the topic, a climate change campaign or communication with the public would be appropriate when it is intended to draw a specific societal consensus. Regarding the exposed level of conflict, public discussion may be preferred when the conflict is still latent and it is required for the potential stakeholders to share information and discuss deliberatively for a societal consensus. Conflict resolution, however, would be supported for issues revealing sharp conflict. Risk perception of laypeople is largely influenced by personal experiences or sociocultural factors. We provide a typology of perception on climate risk by analyzing the results of the in-depth interviews and surveys. The first group, called the ‘individual group’, has strong self-efficacy with a clear perception of climate risk and responsibility for climate action, while they maintain low confidence in the government and its policy. Although the individual group seems to be less interested in the climate issue, it tends to place more weight on the values such as equity or trust. The second group, called the ‘active problem-facing group,’ has strong self-efficacy as well as high confidence in the government. This group is more interested in climate issues and satisfied with the living environment. Statistically, more people with older age, higher income, higher education, and children are distributed in this group. The third group, called the ‘passive group,’ shows the lowest self-efficacy and responsibility for climate risk among the groups, while they claim that climate issues are important. Statistically, more people who are younger, unmarried, and believe in fatalism are distributed in this group. We suggest communication and participation strategies for these three groups by referring to the situational theory of publics. We also suggest key points to be considered in a stakeholder engagement process especially for climate risk management based on Austrian case studies and perception analysis. The key points are categorized by four areas: the preparation of effective participation methods, reduction of a perception gap and uncertainty, consideration of regional attributes, and care for participants. The detailed key points in each area would be used as guidance for a stakeholder engagement process in climate risk management. It is recommended that following research projects focus on practical aspects, such as finding climate risk management issues that are related to stakeholder engagement and conducting pilot projects of the stakeholder engagement process from planning to evaluation. By applying the insights from this study to stakeholder engagement projects in the future, the results of this study could be reinforced or improved.
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