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Lee, Sang Sup,Nam, Ki Shim,Ahn, Sam Huan,Choi, Young Ai,Hong, Chai Song 연세대학교 언어정보개발원 1988 사전편찬학 연구 Vol.1 No.1
After briefly reviewing the history of lexcoigraphy in modem Korea, Nam Kishim tackles many problems created by the general deficiency of current Korean monolingual dictionaries in phonological morphological and semantic points. For example, most Korean dictionaries do not treat such phonological changes as the shortening of the stem vowel ㅓ in 더운, the prenominal form of the adjective 덥다, whose stem vowel ㅓ is pronounced long. He also takes issue with the practice of Korean dictionaries of including all kinds of proper names on little reliable principles : a typical dictionary enters a 600m-high hill while excluding better-known mountains higher than that. Hong Chai-song concentrates on the often misguiding information on transitive / intransitive verbs in current dictionaries. For example, a representative dictionary designates the verb 뛰다 simply as intransitive. But it is quite often used as an transitive also. In the sentence, 철수는 운동장을 뛰었다, 운동장 is the object of the transitive verb 뛰다. How could the compilers miss such an obvious fact? Hong suggests that they may have not been interested in being grammatically informative. A historical survey of the Oxford English Dictionary(OED) is given by Lee Sang-sup, with special emphasis on the vast amount of quotations from real sources contributed by thousands of volunteer readers through several decades and on its unwavering historical principle. A comparison between the OED's definition of Kimchi and a Korean dictionary's 김치 is given, showing the difference of principle in treating the same lexical item. Ahn Sam-huan presents a detailed account of Grimm's Deutsches Wo¨rterbuch which took generations of German lexicographers 133 years from its inception to its completion in 1971. On the basis of his study, Ahn suggests that future dictionary makers should cooperate as a group on a long-range comprehensive project. A moltivolume dictionary is an all-important cultural event for the whole nation, not to be influenced by private commercial interests. Choi Young-ai's survey of Chinese lexicography highlights the now on-going publication of 漢語字典 and 漢語詞典, admirable results of the cooperative effort of hundreds of Chinese scholars, a modus operandi for the Yonsei University graze to adopt in planning a new dictionary of the Korean language.
A New Theory of Cyclotron Resonance Line Shape
Hong, Sung Rak,Kim, Jung Ho,Ryu, Jai Yon,Yi, Sam Nyung,Choi, Sang Don 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1990 基礎科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1
The study of cyclotron resonance line shapes(CRLS) is known to be a powerful fool for investigating the electronic structure of solids since the shapes of absorption lines are very sensitive to the type of scattering mechanisms affecting the behavior of the carriers. So far, various methods have been found to evaluate the line shapes.
Development of 3D statistical mandible models for cephalometric measurements
Sung-Goo Kim,Won-Jin Yi,Soon-Jung Hwang,Soon-Chul Choi,Sam-Sun Lee,Min-Suk Heo,Kyung-Hoe Huh,Tae-Il Kim,Helen Hong,Ji Hyun Yoo 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2012 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.42 No.3
Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide sex-matched three-dimensional (3D) statistical shape models of the mandible, which would provide cephalometric parameters for 3D treatment planning and cephalometric measurements in orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods: The subjects used to create the 3D shape models of the mandible included 23 males and 23 females. The mandibles were segmented semi-automatically from 3D facial CT images. Each individual mandible shape was reconstructed as a 3D surface model, which was parameterized to establish correspondence between different individual surfaces. The principal component analysis (PCA) applied to all mandible shapes produced a mean model and characteristic models of variation. The cephalometric parameters were measured directly from the mean models to evaluate the 3D shape models. The means of the measured parameters were compared with those from other conventional studies. The male and female 3D statistical mean models were developed from 23 individual mandibles, respectively. Results: The male and female characteristic shapes of variation produced by PCA showed a large variability included in the individual mandibles. The cephalometric measurements from the developed models were very close to those from some conventional studies. Conclusion: We described the construction of 3D mandibular shape models and presented the application of the 3D mandibular template in cephalometric measurements. Optimal reference models determined from variations produced by PCA could be used for craniofacial patients with various types of skeletal shape.
Favorable effects of ginseng berry aqueous extracts on the ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice
Sang Pil Jang,Yoojin Hong,Young Sam Kwon 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
The objective of this study is to observe the anti-osteoporotic effects of ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer, Araliaceae) berry aqueous extracts in mice. Fourteen days after bilateral OVX surgery, GB was orally administered, once a day for 28 days at dose levels of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, dissolved in distilled water, in a volume of 10 ml/kg, and then the changes on the body weight and gain during experimental periods, femur weights, bone mineral density (BMD), bone strength (failure load; FL), mineral contents - calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphorus (IP), and tibia histological profiles and histomorphometrical analyses at sacrifice were conducted with serum biochemistry – osteocalcin contents and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP) activities. As a result of OVX, the increase of body weight and serum osteocalcin levels, decrease of serum bALP activities, femur dry and ash weights, femur Ca and IP contents, BMD and strength were observed as compared with those of sham mice. In addition, the decrease of all histomorphometrical indices indicate the bone mass and structure, and the increase of indices for resorption were also detected in the tibia of OVX control, indicating the increase of bone turnover and decrease of bone formation, the estrogen-deficient osteoporosis. However, these OVX-induced estrogen-deficient osteoporotic signs related to the increases of bone turnover and decreases of bone formation were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by 28 days of continuous oral administration of GB. Especially, GB 500 mg/kg showed favorable inhibitory activities against osteoporosis symptoms induced by OVX as comparable to those of RES 2.5 mg/kg. The results obtained in this study suggest that GB has potent anti-osteoporotic effects in OVX mice. It, therefore, is expected that oral administration of appropriate amounts of GB will be promising as a new potent and novel alternative medicinal food for relieving the osteoporosis in menopausal women, through more detail and plentiful animal studies, in future.
Hong Hye Young,Park Youngmok,Yong Seung Hyun,Woo Ala,Leem Ah Young,Lee Su Hwan,Chung Kyung Soo,Lee Sang Hoon,Kim Song Yee,Kim Eun Young,Jung Ji Ye,Park Moo Suk,Kim Young Sam,Shin Sung Jae,Kang Young A 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.2
Background: The treatment success rate for tuberculosis (TB) has stagnated at 80–81% in South Korea, indicating unsatisfactory outcomes. Enhancing treatment success rate necessitates the development of individualized treatment approaches for each patient. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes to facilitate tailored TB care. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with active TB between January 2019 and December 2020 at a single tertiary referral center. We classified unfavorable treatment outcomes according to the 2021 World Health Organization guidelines as follows: “lost to follow-up” (LTFU), “not evaluated” (NE), “death,” and “treatment failure” (TF). Moreover, we analyzed risk factors for each unfavorable outcome using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results: A total of 659 patients (median age 62 years; male 54.3%) were included in the study. The total unfavorable outcomes were 28.1%: 4.6% LTFU, 9.6% NE, 9.1% deaths, and 4.9% TF. Multivariate analysis showed that a culture-confirmed diagnosis of TB was associated with a lower risk of LTFU (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.63), whereas the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) significantly increased the risk of LTFU (aHR, 6.63; 95% CI, 2.63–16.69). Patients living far from the hospital (aHR, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.50–7.97) and those with chronic kidney disease (aHR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.33–7.75) were at higher risk of being transferred out to other health institutions (NE). Higher mortality was associated with older age (aHR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.09) and comorbidities. The ADRs that occurred during TB treatment were a risk factor for TF (aHR, 6.88; 95% CI, 2.24–21.13). Conclusion: Unfavorable outcomes of patients with TB were substantial at a tertiary referral center, and the risk factors for each unfavorable outcome varied. To improve treatment outcomes, close monitoring and the provision of tailored care for patients with TB are necessary.
Preparation and Characterization of Silk Beads for Protein Delivery System
( Sung Kuk Kim ),( You Young Jo ),( Kwang Gill Lee ),( Heui Sam Lee ),( Joo Hong Yeo ),( Hae Yong Kweon ) 한국잠사학회 2014 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.28 No.2
In order to the feasibility of silk materials as protein delivery system, silk beads incorporated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared by dropping silk fibroin extract intodope solution composed of ethanol and dichloromethane. Structural and morphological characteristics of silk beads were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometry, and X-ray diffractometry. Swelling ratio of silk beads was also measured. Release behavior of prototypical protein, BSA, was studied by observing theelectropheretic phenomenon and release profile. SEM showed that silk beads are spherical with porous interior structure. Infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction confirm that thesilk beads have a b-sheet conformation. The swelling capability of silk beads increased withthe incorporation of the protein. The protein was released from the beads with slow release following an initial burst release. Therefore, silk beads show promise as materials for en casingprotein drugs to be delivered to targets in the human body.
( Hong Sung Wook ),( In Su Kim ),( Ju Sam Lee ),( Kun Sub Chung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.9
The bacterial communities in the intestinal tracts of earthworm were investigated by culture-dependent and-independent approaches. In total, 72 and 55 pure cultures were isolated from the intestinal tracts of earthworms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. Aerobic bacteria were classified as Aeromonas (40%), Bacillus (37%), Photobacterium (10%), Pseudomonas (7%), and Shewanella (6%). Anaerobic bacteria were classified as Aeromonas (52%), Bacillus (27%), Shewanella (12%), Paenibacillus (5%), Clostridium (2%), and Cellulosimicrobium (2%). The dominant microorganisms were Aeromonas and Bacillus species under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In all, 39 DNA fragments were identified by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis. Aeromonas sp. was the dominant microorganism in feeds, intestinal tracts, and casts of earthworms. The DGGE band intensity of Aeromonas from feeds, intestinal tracts, and casts of earthworms was 12.8%, 14.7%, and 15.1%, respectively. The other strains identified were Bacillus, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Photobacterium, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Streptomyces, uncultured Chloroflexi bacterium, and uncultured bacterium. These results suggest that PCRDGGE analysis was more efficient than the culturedependent approach for the investigation of bacterial diversity and the identification of unculturable microorganisms.