광양항 컨테이너부두 배후부지 개발방향과 활성화방안

송성헌,김우제,장은령,이정욱 한국로지스틱스학회 1998 로지스틱스연구 Vol.6 No.2

이 논문의 목적은 광양항 컨테이너부두 배후부지의 개발방향과 활성화 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 우선, 배후부지의 개발과 운영에 관련된 계획, 법규 및 국내외 사례를 검토한 후, 배후부지 유치대상 기능과 주요시설을 규명하고, 개발 기본구상도와 단계별 개발계획안을 제시한다. 배후부지 개발사업의 활성화를 위해 정부의 정책적 지원방안 및 관련조직간의 협조방안과 배후부지 입주업체의 유치방안을 제시한다. 아울러 배후부지 개발의 기대효과 및 최근 경제상황에 따른 건의사항을 제시한다. In this paper we try to make suggestions for the development and promotion for the hinterland of the Kwangyang container port. First, we investigated the development plan, the law and several cases related to the development and operation of the port hinterland. Then we propose a scheme to develop the hinterland and define major functions and facilities for the hinterland. For the promotion of the hinterland, we suggest several roles of the government organizations to activate functions of the hinterland and ideas to attract customers. Finally, we suggest an expected effect according to the development of the hinterland and propose a proper way of the development considering the recent Korean economic situation.

청력장애가 불안 및 우울에 미치는 영향

송상욱,구정완,이원철 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Hearing loss is a very common health problem throughout the world, although the number of hearing impaired individuals varies greatly in the countries. It is generally accepted that hearing impairment inevitably leads to a breakdown in communication and physical and mental health problems consequently. Nevertheless, few community based studies have been undertaken to examine both the mental and more general physical state of the hearing impaired patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the anxiety and depression in hearing impaired patients. Self-administered questionnaires including sociodemographic data were given to 336 subjects over the age of 18 years who visited the Health Management Center, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital for the routine health check up from January 1996 to April 1996 and three hundred seventeen samples (male: 197, female: 120) were selected. For the assessment of anxiety and depression we used Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) devised by Zung. And hearing impairment was evaluated using a Beltone Model 110 Audiometer. The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test and x²test. The results obtained were as follow: 1. The mean anxiety scores counted by SAS of 0-15dB HL(hearing loss) group(classified by the average loss in the better ear at 500, 1,000, 2,000Hz frequencies), 16-29dB HL group, 30-44dB HL group, more than 45dB HL group were 33.1±6.6, 32.2±5.9, 41.6±8.4, 42.8±6.0, respectively. And the mean depression scores counted by SDS of 0-15dB HL group, 16-29dB HL group, 30-44dB HL group, more than 45dB HL group were 37.4±7.7, 37.2±7.2, 46.2±8.4, 48.6±8.6, respectively. The more than 30dB HL group showed significant high scores in SAS and SDS than the less than 30dB HL group(p<0.001). 2. The frenquency of clinically significant anxiety disorder(SAS≥50) was 3.4% in less than 30dB HL group and 11.1% in more than 30dB HL group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05). 3. The frequency of clinically significant depression disorder(SDS≥50) was 5.1% in less than 30dB HL group and 39.5% in more than 30dB HL group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant(p<0.05). 4. When several important interaction variables related to anxiety and depression (such as age, sex, marital status, education level, economic status, occupation, religion) were stratified and we compared the groups between the more than 30dB HL and less than 30dB HL, most factors about anxiety and depression showed the significant differences in two groups. 5. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that hearing loss(p<0.05) predicted anxiety disorder(SAS≥50) and hearing loss(P<0.01), age(p<0.05) predicted depression disorder(SDS≥50). In conclusion, there was significant difference in anxiety and depression scores between more than 30dB HL (in the better hearing ear) group and less than 30dB HL group. This study suggested that anxiety and depression should be considered as adverse effects of hearing impairment.

890MHz에 대한 실내 무선통신의 경로손실 예측모델

송만종,홍성욱,김흥수 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1994 産業技術硏究報告 Vol.5 No.-

The indoor radio environment, radio propagation characteristics are affected by various types of scattering and multipath phenomena. In order to provide services in a building, it is very important to analyze the propagation characteristics of the indoor radio environment, In this paper, the multipath loss model at 890[MHz] for the indoor environment are presented. The validity of the results by the present model is confirmed by comparing measured data. By this comparison, we showed that the theoretical analysis suggested in this paper is applicable to an analysis of the indoor radio environment.

중년 직장 남성의 피로도와 심박동변이

송상욱,신진희,Findley, Thomas 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적: 이 연구는 중년 직장 남성의 피로도와 심장 자율 신경 기능과의 관련성을 심박동변이의 분석을 통해서 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 대학 부속 병원에서 종합건강검진을 받은 자동차 생산 공장의 중년 남성 근로자 중 특이 병력이 없는 82명을 연구 대상으로 하여 연령, 키, 체중, 혈압, 음주 및 흡연력, 규칙적인 운동 여부 등과 함께 피로도 및 심박동변이를 평가하였다. 피로도 평가는 Krupp 등에 의해서 개발된 자가-보고 형식의 Fatigue Severity Scale(FSS)을 이용하였으며, 피로도 점수에 따라 연구 대상을 저피로군(N=31), 중등도 피로군(N=33), 고피로군(N=18)으로 분류하였다. 심박동변이의 평가는 안정 상태에서의 5분 동안 심전도 기록을 시간 범주인 Standard Deviation of NN intervals(SDNN), Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences(rMSSD)와 주파수 범주인 Total Power(TP), Low Frequency(LF: 0.04∼0.15 Hz) power, High Frequency(HF: 0.15∼0.4 Hz) power, LF/HF비로 나누어 분석하였다. 결과: 피로 정도에 따라 분류한 세 군의 평균 피로도 점수는 저피로군이 2.1±0.7, 중등도 피로군이 3.7±0.4, 고피로군이 5.2±0.4 이었다(p<0.001). 세 군간의 인구사회학적 특성 비교에서 흡연 유무에 있어서는 차이를 보였지만 이외에 나이, 수축기 및 이완기 혈압, 심박수, 체질량지수, 음주 유무, 규칙적인 운동 여부에 있어서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 세 군간의 심박동변이 값의 차이는 시간 범주 분석 항목에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았지만 주파수 범주 분석 함목 중에서는 In(natural logarithm) LF 및 HF 값이 고피로군에서 저피로군에 비해 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p=0.009. p=0.0015). 그 외 In TP 및 LF/HF ratio 값은 세 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 흡연 유무에 따른 심박동변이 값은 시간 및 주파수 범주 분석 항목 모두에서 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 심박동변이 값에 대한 피로도와 흡연 유무와의 유의한 교호 작용 또한 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: 중년 직장 남성의 극심한 피로 상태가 심박동변이 분석에서 교감 및 부교감 신경 기능의 감소와 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 심장에 대한 자율신경 조절의 이상을 반영하며, 아직까지 정확한 기전을 알 수는 없지만 이들에게서 심혈관 질환의 발생 위험이 증가할 수 있음을 시사한다. 아울러 향후에는 잘 계획된 전향적 연구를 통하여 이에 대한 추적 관찰이 필요할 것이다. Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between the severity of fatigue and the cardiac autonomic function by analyzing the heart rate variability on middle-aged male workers. Methods: The severity of fatigue and heart rate variability were assessed with the control measures of age, body mass index, blood pressure, alcohol consumption, smoking history, regular exercise on 82 healthy middle-aged male workers in an annual health checkup. The severity of fatigue was evaluated by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), which was developed by Krupp. The 5-minute electrocardiographic recordings were analyzed as a function of the time and the frequency domain methods of the heart rate variability (HRV). Standard Deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN), Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences (rMSSD), Total Power (TP), Low Frequency (LF: 0.04∼0.15 Hz) power, High Frequency (HF: 0.15-0.4 Hz) power, LF/HF ratio were used as the indices of the HRV. For a comparison of autonomic nervous functions and other variables, the subjects were divided into three fatigue groups based on the FSS score as follows: low (N=31), moderate (N=33), high (N=18) fatigue groups Results: There were no significant differences in age, blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index, alcohol consumption, or regular exercise except for the smoking history among the groups. In addition, there were no significant differences in the time domain analysis (SDNN, rMSSD) of HRV among the groups. Spectral analysis of the HRV showed that the mean amplitudes of the HF and LF component were lower in the high fatigue group, whereas there was no significant difference in the LF/HF ratio among the fatigue groups. There were no significant differences in the HRV indices between the smoking and non-smoking groups. No significant interacting effects between the severity of fatigue and smoking on the HRV were observed. Conclusions: The association between severe fatigue and the reduced high and low frequency components of the HRV in middle-aged male workers reflects a dysregulation of the cardiac autonomous control. Although the pathophysiological mechanism of this association remains unclear, these results might explain their increased risk for cardiovascular disease. However, these effects need to be confirmed through a well-designed prospective study.

PCR-Restricition Fragment Length Polymorphism 방법에 의한 Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato의 분류

송혜원,김홍,박상욱,엄용빈,김종배,박성언,김근희 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCINE 1999 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.5 No.2

라임병의 원인균인 Borrelia burgdorferi에 대하여 각 균종의 표준균주와 진드기에서 추출한 DNA를 template로 PCR을 실시한 후 그 증폭산물을 Alu I으로 처리한 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 방법으로 각 균종의 연관성을 조사하고자 하였다. 표준균주로 RFLP를 실시한 결과 B. burgdorferi sensu stricto와 B. garinii의 RFLP 형태 (50 bp, 70 bp, 150 bp)가 유사하였으며 B.afzelii에서는 다른 RFLP형태 (50bp, 110bp, 150 bp)를 관찰하였다. 그 중 B. afzelii KK-1과 B. garinii HP1은 새로운 RFLP 형태를 보여 B. afzelii와 B. garinii는 각각 2 types의 subgroup으로 분류할 수 있었다. 진드기 DNA에서 는 B. afzelii를 포함한 각 균종에 대하여 모두 유사한 RFLP 형태를 보였는데, 진드기 DNA에서 확인된 B. afzelii는 KK-1과 같은 군에 속하는 것으로 사료되었다. For the classification of B. burgdorferi sensu lato strains, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed. PCR was carried out with B. burgdorferi sensu lato specific primer set (BB uni set), and amplicons of 470-bp DNA were digested with Alu I. The Alu I restriction polymorphism of the amplicons provided a useful tool for identifying B. burgdorferi sensu lato strains. Both amplicons from B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and B. garinii except HP1 strain showed identical RFLP pattern (50 bp, 70 bp, and 150 bp), but amplicons from B. afzelii and B. garinii showed two types of subgroups, respectively. The result of PCR-RFLP using extracted DNAs from ticks was similar to those patterns of B. burgdorferi species including B. afzelii.

두개강내로 전이된 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma 2례 : 증례보고 Report of Two Cases

송재욱,윤상민,이창훈,장지수,이승훈,조경자,강신광 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

The authors describe two cases of unusual intracranial metastatic adenoid cystic carcinomas. A 42-year-old woman had a right pariental epidural metastatic mass. presumed hematogenous. spread from a primary tumor in the parotid gland. In second case, a 32-year-old man had a intracranial metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma mimicking calcified psammomatous meningioma on CT scans. We present these unusual cases with a review of relevant literature and a discussion of possible pathogenesis.

고속액체크로마토그래피를 이용한 혈장중 로바스타틴산의 분석 : 시료전처리로서 단백침전법 및 고상추출법의 비교 Comparison of Protein Precipitation Method and Solid Phase Extraction Method for Sample Pretreatment

송우헌,장정수,박은우,이상길,최영욱 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1997 약학 논총 Vol.11 No.-

Lovastatin(LV), one of the potent cholesterol-lowering agents, is an inactive lactone prodrug which is metabolized to its active open acid (Lovastatin acid. LVA). In order to optimize the assay procedure of LVA by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). solid phase extraction(SPE) method and protein precipitation method were employed for the pretreatment of plasma sample containing LV and LVA, and plasma sample was hydrolyzed under alkaline condition to transform all LV to LVA. Following pretreatment of plasma sample. 100ul of sample was injected onto a reversed-phase C_18 column and eluted with a acetonitrile-pH 3.0 phosphate buffer mixture(45:55 v/v) at a flow rate of 2.0ml/min. Ultraviolet detection was carried out at 238nm. It has been shown that all of LV in plasma was converted to LVA in vitro under alkaline condition. On SPE method, elution with acetonitrile-methanol mixture(75:25 v/v) indicated the highest recovery of LVA, but acid treatment of plasma sample before loading on SPE cartridge revealed little effect on recovery of LVA. Compared with two different pretreatment of plasma sample, SPE indicated better sensitivity and recovery.

지속성 외래 복막투석 환자에서 염증 지표와 고해상도 B 모드 경동맥 초음파 소견의 연관성에 관한 연구

송현용,송영수,안철우,강신욱,최규헌,하성규,이현철,이호영,한대석 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2

배 경 : 저알부민혈증 및 C-반응 단백(C-reactive protein, CRP)이 증가된 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자의 사망률이 높은 정확한 이유는 밝혀져 않다. 혈액투석 환자에서처럼 복막투석 환자에서 저알부민혈증 및 염증반응이 심혈관계 질환 위험인자 인지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 비당뇨병성 말기 신부전, 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자 93명의 심혈관계 질환 위험인자들과 복막 투과 특성 및 알부민, CRP 등의 염증지표에 따라 고해상도 초음파를 이용한 경동맥내막-중간막 두께, 내막-중간막 면적, 플라크의 유무 등을 단면적으로 비교하였다. 결 과: 복막 투과 특성은 고투과막군 14명, 중간 고투과막군 38명, 중간 저투과막군 31명, 저투과막군 10명으로 각 군간의 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께, 플라크 유무 및 내막-중간막 면적의 차이는 없었다. 기존 관상동맥 질환 환자는 8예(8.6%)로 내막-중간막 두께는 관상동맥 질환이 없는 환자보다 증가되었고(0.79±0.21 vs 0.60±0.11 mm, p<0.05) 플라크 형성은 더 많이 보이나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(75.0 vs 63.5%, p>0.05). 혈청 알부민치와 경동맥 내막-중간막 면적은 역상관관계를 보였다(r=-0.27, p<0.05). 저알부민혈증 환자(혈청 알부민 <3.5 g/dL)는 정상 알부민혈증 환자보다 내막-중간막 두께가 증가되었고(0.67±0.15 vs 0.61±0.12 mm, p<0.05), 플라크도 유의하게 많았다(68.0 vs 55.8%, p<0.05). 혈청 CRP치와 경동맥 내막-중간막 면적은 양의 상관관계가 있었으며(r=0.21, p<0.05) CRP가 높은 환자(≥0.8 mg/dL, n=18)에서플라크가 많이 관찰되었으나(65.8 vs 50.0%, p<0.05) 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께 및 내막-중간막면적은 양군간에 차이가 없었다. 다변량 회귀 분석상 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께에 영향을 미치는 인자는 고령, 높은 CRP, 기존 심혈관계질환, 낮은 혈청 알부민 순이였다. 결 론 : 복막투석 환자에서 고해상도 초음파를 이용한 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께 측정은 심혈관계 질환 유무 예측의 비침습적 검사가 될 수 있고 저알부민혈증 및 높은 CRP과 같은 만성염증 지속상태가 복막투석 환자에서 죽상 동맥 경화증의 발생을 증가시킨다고 가정할 수 있다. Background : Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients with low albumin(LA) and signs of inflammation reflected by increased C-reactive protein(CRP) level have an increased mortality, but the mechanism of this phenomenon is not clear yet. Methods : To answer whether LA and inflammation also enhance cardiovascular risk in CAPD patients, we performed cross sectional study measuring carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT), calculated intima-media area(cIM area) and the presence of plaque by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography in 93 non-diabetic CAPD patients. Results : Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD, n=8) had significantly increased IMT(0.79± 0.21 mm vs. 0.60±0.11 mm, p<0.05) and higher prevalence of carotid plaques(75.0% vs. 63.5%) compared to the non-CAD patients. Significant inverse correlation was observed between serum albumin (SA) level and cIM area(r=-0.27, p<0.05). Those patients with LA(SA <3.5 g/dL) had significantly increased IMT compared to non-LA patients(0.67±0.15 mm vs 0.61±0.12 mm, p<0.05). Prevalence of carotid plaques was also significantly higher in LA patients (68.0% vs. 55.8%, p<0.05). CRP level revealed a significant positive correlation with cIM area(r=0.21, p< 0.05). Patients with high CRP(≥0.8 mg/dL, n=18) had higher prevalence of carotid plaques (65.8% vs. 50.0%, p<0.05) compared to those patients with CRP <0.8 mg/dL, but IMT and cIMT area were not different. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, old age, high CRP, history of CAD and low SA were the independent risk factors affecting IMT. Conclusion : Our study strongly suggests that low albumin and chronic inflammatory state of CAPD patients could be associated with increasing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):285-294)

혈액투석중인 만성신부전 환자에서 골대사 지표로써의 Osteocalcin치

송치운,이진홍,안미애,윤환중,윤상임,성기양,이강현,송민호,이강욱,신영태,김영건,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

Background : Serum osteocalcin is synthesized by osteoblast and has been shown to be sensitive indicator of bone turnover inpatients with various metabolic bone disease. In renal osteodystrophy, serum osteocalcin is elevated due to decreased renal clearance and elevated level of PTH. This study was done to evaluate the usefulness of serum osteocalcin as a marker of bone metabolism and the correlation with other biochemical markers of bone metabolism. Methods : We measured serum osteocalcin, calcium, phosphorus, ALP(alkaline phosphatase) and PTH(parathyroid hormone) in 37 patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Osteocalcin was determined by radioimmunoassay and PTH was determined by radioimmunometric assay. Results : 1) The mean level of serum osteocalcin in ESRD patients was 233.8± 218.2ng/ml which was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.0001). 2) The mean level of serum PTH in ESRD patients was 40.5± 43.8pg/ml was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.005). 3) There was a significant positive correlation between the level of serum PTH, ALP and the level of serum osteocalcin in ESRD patients. 4) By using multiple regression, PTH is most reliable factor that affect to elevated level of serum osteocalcin ( beta coefficient = 0.687, Sig T<0.05). Conclusion : Serum osteocalcin as a marker of bone metabolism in ESRD patients is more useful than other biochemical marker such as serum calcium, phosphorus, ALP and PTH is a most reliable factor that affect to elevated level of serum osteocalin.

활동적 생활도시 조성을 위한 부산 일부지역 보행환경 개선전략

고광욱,송성은 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.3

Background : To spread the emerging concept 'active living city' as a process of healthy cities initiatives, there were need to collect the opinions of community leaders through various methods especially in the context of ecological perspective. So several kinds of studies needs to be done through various channels. Although there had been not those kind of approach, as a founding member of Alliance For Healthy Citeis in Western Pacific Regional Office of World Health Organization. innovative active living approaches were tried in part of Busan City. Method : Literature and case reviews, windshield survey and community opinion collecting have been done through various channels. Case reviews about domestic practical articles have been done. Fora were organized to present the concepts and to hear the real voice of community. Community opinion collecting using modified Kyonggi-Do Pedestrian Environment Survey Instruments was done to various citizen group(total 877) during 2005.09.1~12. 20Windshield survey have been done in major area of the District and some prominent point was photographed. Result : Through explorative literature and cases reviews, the concepts of active living and active living city were established. 9 model case were presented as separated booklet. Through community fora, practical and specific opinion and suggestion were received. Windshield survey and taking picture provided useful advocation material. According to the pedestrian environment survey, walking time for transport was somewhat desirable. But comprehensive pedestrian environment especially children safety was major concern. Specific negative event was experienced by citizen. Illegal car parking, deficiency of resting area, garbage was major area for improvement. Conclusion : More specified public officer survey needed to concrete policy making according to the active living city concept through Healthy Cities approach. Practical suggestion from community needs to transformed into specific policy. Increasing walking time through the improvements of walking environment may be good strategy for active healthy city making. Sustained advocation is needed using the results of this study.