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        Investigation of the mechanical and thermal properties of <small>L</small>-glutathione modified graphene/epoxy composites

        Chhetri, Suman,Adak, Nitai Chandra,Samanta, Pranab,Murmu, Naresh Chandra,Hui, David,Kuila, Tapas,Lee, Joong Hee Elsevier 2018 Composites Part B, Engineering Vol.143 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nacre-like graphene nanosheets (GNS) obtained from the <SMALL>L</SMALL>-glutathione mediated reduction of graphene oxide (GO) were used to develop epoxy composites. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed the layer-by-layer nacre-like structure of GNS. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements confirmed the successful reduction of GO. The oxidized product of <SMALL>L</SMALL>-glutathione is expected to perform as capping agent to stabilize the GNS, and also stitches the graphene sheets through hydrogen bonding. Transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the dispersion of GNS in the epoxy matrix. The GNS/epoxy composites showed significant improvement of ∼91% in fracture toughness (K<SUB>IC</SUB>), 46% in flexural strength, and 71% in flexural modulus at 0.25 wt% GNS loadings. The probable toughening mechanism was elucidated from fracture FE-SEM images. The improved compatibility and strong interfacial interaction were reflected in the enhanced storage modulus value. The thermal stability of the composites as investigated by TGA showed appreciable improvement in the degradation temperature.</P>

      • KCI등재

        Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Functionalized Graphene Oxide/linear Low Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared by Melt Mixing

        ( Suman Chhetri ),( Pranab Samanta ),( Naresh Chandra Murmu ),( Tapas Kuila ),( Joong Hee Lee ) 한국복합재료학회 2016 Composites research Vol.29 No.4

        Graphene oxide (GO) was concurrently reduced and functionalized using long alkyl chain dodecyl amine (DA). The DA functionalized GO (DA-G) was assumed to disperse homogenously in linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). Subsequently, DA-G was used to fabricate DA-G/LLDPE composites by melt mixing technique. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis was performed to ascertain the simultaneous reduction and functionlization of GO. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to ensure the homogenous distribution and dispersion of DA-G in LLDPE matrix. The enhanced storage modulus value of the composites validates the homogenous dispersion of DA-G and its good interfacial interaction with LLDPE matrix. An increased in tensile strength value by ~ 64% also confirms the generation of good interface between the two constituents, through which efficient load transfer is possible. However, no significant improvement in glass transition temperature was observed. This simple technique of fabricating LLDPE composites following industrially viable melt mixing procedure could be realizable to developed mechanically strong graphene based LLDPE composites for future applications.

      • Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Graphene Oxide-Incorporated Woven Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composite

        Adak, Nitai Chandra,Chhetri, Suman,Kim, Nam Hoon,Murmu, Naresh Chandra,Samanta, Pranab,Kuila, Tapas Springer-Verlag 2018 Journal of materials engineering and performance Vol.27 No.3

        <P>This study investigates the synergistic effects of graphene oxide (GO) on the woven carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced epoxy composites. The GO nanofiller was incorporated into the epoxy resin with variations in the content, and the CF/epoxy composites were manufactured using a vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding process and then cured at 70 and 120 A degrees C. An analysis of the mechanical properties of the GO (0.2 wt.%)/CF/epoxy composites showed an improvement in the tensile strength, Young's modulus, toughness, flexural strength and flexural modulus by similar to 34, 20, 83, 55 and 31%, respectively, when compared to the CF/epoxy composite. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the composites exhibited an enhancement of similar to 56, 114 and 22% in the storage modulus, loss modulus and damping capacity (tan delta), respectively, at its glass transition temperature. The fiber-matrix interaction was studied using a Cole-Cole plot analysis.</P>

      • Effects of hydrazine reduced graphene oxide on the inter-laminar fracture toughness of woven carbon fiber/epoxy composite

        Adak, Nitai Chandra,Chhetri, Suman,Kuila, Tapas,Murmu, Naresh Chandra,Samanta, Pranab,Lee, Joong Hee Elsevier 2018 Composites. Part B, Engineering Vol.149 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, the hybridization effects of hydrazine reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS), impact strength, and in-plane fracture toughness of symmetric type carbon fiber/epoxy composite (CF/epoxy) laminates were investigated. The composite laminates were fabricated through the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. At 0.2 wt% of rGO loading, the CF/epoxy composites showed the best load carrying capacity among the developed laminates. ILSS, impact strength, and critical stress intensity factor (<I>K</I> <SUB> <I>IC</I> </SUB>) were enhanced by ∼ (84, 100, and 33) %, respectively, in the case of rGO (0.2 wt%) filled CF/epoxy composite specimens, as compared to CF/epoxy composite. The consumed fracture energy of rGO (0.2 wt%)/CF/epoxy increased, as compared to the rGO (0.4 wt%)/CF/epoxy composite. The fracture surfaces obtained from field emission scanning electron microscopy of the developed composites showed compatible dispersion of rGO in the epoxy matrix, and branched fracture of the specimens. This study suggests that the rGO nanofiller might be used as a matrix modifier to resist matrix fracture, as well as fiber fracture.</P>

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