Adipic Acid Assisted Sol-Gel Synthesis of Li_1+x(Mn_0.4Ni_0.4Fe_0.2)_1-xO₂ (0 < x < 0.3) as Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Karthikeyan, Kaliyappan,Amaresh, Samuthirapandian,Son, Ju-Nam,Kim, Shin-Ho,Kim, Min-Chul,Kim, Kwang-Jin,Lee, Sol-Nip,Lee, Yun-Sung Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.1

Layered $Li_{1+x}(Mn_{0.4}Ni_{0.4}Fe_{0.2})_{1-x}O_2$ (0 < x < 0.3) solid solutions were synthesized using solgel method with adipic acid as chelating agent. Structural and electrochemical properties of the prepared powders were examined by means of X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. All powders had a phase-pure layered structure with $R\bar{3}m$ space group. The morphological studies confirmed that the size of the particles increased at higher x content. The charge-discharge profiles of the solid solution against lithium using 1 M $LiPF_6$ in EC/DMC as electrolyte revealed that the discharge capacity increases with increasing lithium content at the 3a sites. Among the cells, $Li_{1.2}(Mn_{0.32}Ni_{0.32}Fe_{0.16})O_2$ (x = 0.2)/$Li^+$ exhibits a good electrochemical property with maximum initial capacity of 160 $mAhg^{-1}$ between 2-4.5 V at 0.1 $mAcm^{-2}$ current density and the capacity retention after 25 cycles was 92%. Whereas, the cell fabricated with x = 0.3 sample showed continuous capacity fading due to the formation of spinel like structure during the subsequent cycling. The preparation of solid solutions based on $LiNiO_2-LiFeO_2-Li_2MnO_3$ has improved the properties of its end members.

초등 문학교육에서 내면화 활동의 개선 방향 - 2015 개정 국어 교과서를 중심으로 -

진솔 ( Jin¸ Sol ) 청람어문교육학회 2021 청람어문교육 Vol.- No.83

본고는 초등 문학교육에서 다뤄지는 내면화의 의미를 고찰하고 내면화 활동의 양상을 비판적으로 살폈으며 개선 방향을 제안하였다. 문학교육에서 학습자는 작품 속 가치를 이미 존재하는 것으로서 수용하기보다는, 능동적인 태도로 작품과의 상호작용을 통해 적극적으로 가치를 내면화할 필요가 있다. 따라서 내면화는 비판과 상상의 작용을 통한 반성 작용으로서 의미화할 수 있다. 이론적 고찰을 토대로 실제 2015 개정 국어 교과서에는 내면화를 위한 활동이 어떻게 구현되었는지를 살폈다. 이를 바탕으로 한 내면화 활동의 개선 방향은 첫째, 문학 작품에 기반한 독자 경험을 활성화할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 인물의 말과 행동을 유기적으로 연결 지어 종합적 맥락을 파악해야 한다. 셋째, 서사적 상상력을 발현할 필요가 있다. 이와 관련하여 학습자의 적극적 표현 활동이 가치의 내면화를 위해 필요하다. This paper examines the meaning of internalization in elementary school literature education, critically examines the aspects of internalization activities, and suggests directions for improvement. In literary education, learners need to actively internalize values through interaction with works in an active attitude, rather than accepting the values in works as already existing ones. Therefore, internalization can be understood as a reflection action through the action of criticism and imagination. Based on theoretical considerations, we examined how the activities for internalization were implemented in the actual 2015 revised Korean textbook. To improve the internalization activity based on this, first, it is necessary to activate the reader's experience based on literary works. Second, it is necessary to organically connect the words and actions of the characters to understand the overall context. Third, it is necessary to express narrative imagination. In this regard, active expression activities of learners are necessary for internalization of values.

Proton-irradiated Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ thick films for flexible non-volatile memory applications

Lee, Tae Kwon,Kong, Dae Sol,Jin, Da Woon,Yun, Shinhee,Yang, Chan-Ho,Jung, Jong Hoon ELSEVIER 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We investigated the ferroelectricity in proton-irradiated flexible Pb(Zr<SUB>0.52</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.48</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> (PZT) thick films and their non-volatile memory characteristics. The Ni-Cr metal foil substrate allowed high-quality polycrystalline PZT films with flexible functionality to be fabricated using conventional sol-gel and high-temperature annealing methods. The 10-MeV proton-irradiated PZT film exhibited an almost square polarization−electric field hysteresis curve with saturated (<I>P</I> <SUB>s</SUB>) and remnant (<I>P</I> <SUB> <I>r</I> </SUB>) polarizations of 18.9 and 17.0 μC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, respectively; which are slightly lower than as-grown PZT with <I>P</I> <SUB>s</SUB> = 28.7 μC/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and <I>P</I> <SUB> <I>r</I> </SUB> = 24.3 μC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. The <I>P</I> <SUB> <I>r</I> </SUB> did not decrease even after 1000 cycles of continuous bending and unbending at a bending radius of 2.14 mm and decreased slightly to ∼80% of its initial value after 10<SUP>5</SUP> s. Although the <I>P</I> <SUB> <I>r</I> </SUB> decreased to ∼55% after 10<SUP>10</SUP> cycles, the electric polarization remained switchable under positive and negative electric fields. These characteristics suggest that the flexible PZT films could be utilized in non-volatile memory device applications in environments with high doses of proton irradiation, such as those in aeronautics and nuclear power plants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sol-gel growth of flexible PZT thick films on a Ni-Cr metal foil substrate. </LI> <LI> Large saturated and remnant electric polarization in proton-irradiated films. </LI> <LI> Mechanical stability, long retention time, and high fatigue resistance even after the high energy proton-irradiation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

충남 일부지역 초등학생의 인두에 분포하는 세균 실태조사

하서영,박수진,이보미,박솔기,박창은 남서울대학교 2012 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.18 No.2

The distributed species and the kinds of variable microorganism in Pharynx were monitored to the elementary school child. Our purpose was to investigate the distribution of bacteria in Pharynx of child except for adults. Analysis performed the collected sample from 15 students in Chungnam area for 2 days from July 30 to July 31 in 2012. The isolated bacteria were identified by Gram stain and biochemical test using VITEKⅡsystems. The experiment on microorganism concentration of contact parts carried out and the average of total microorganism was measured. The elementary child's Pharynx were isolated and identified. The isolation rates were major distributied to Gram positive cocci, another Gram negative bacilli and Gram positive bacilli. respectively. The frequently isolated bacteria were G. adiacens. The Granulicatella adiacens is one of the fastidious Gram positive cocci previously described as nutritionally variant streptococci due to their requirement of L-cysteine, pyridoxal, or thiol compounds for growth. These bacteria have been identified as significant causative agents of endocarditis, opthalmic infections, and meningitis. Further systematic studies are necessary with an emphasis on species identification. Key Words : Microorganism, Elementary child, Pharynx and Larynx

제 7차 초등학교 수학 교육과정 내용 체계 분석 : Focusing on the Continuity, Sequence, and Integration of Mathematical Content

서경혜,유솔아,정진영 한국초등교육학회 2003 초등교육연구 Vol.16 No.2

교육과정 개정 때마다 수학 내용의 적정화가 중점 사항으로 제시되어 왔음에도 수학 내용의 양과 수준의 문제는 여전히 쟁점으로 남아있다. 이는 수학 내용의 적정화 문제를 내용의 양을 축소하고 수준을 하향 조정하는 기존의 방식으로 해결할 수 없음을 보여준다. 본 연구는 수학 내용의 적정화 문제를 내용 조직의 관점에서 접근해야 한다는 가정 하에 제 7차 초등학교 수학 교육과정의 수학 내용 조직에 관한 분석을 목적으로 하였다. 내용 조직에 대한 분석은 연속성, 계열성, 통합성의 원리에 근거하였다. 분석 결과 현행 초등학교 수학 교육과정의 내용 조직은 일회성, 단절성, 배타성의 특징을 띠고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 주요 수학내용이 대체로 한번 가르쳐지고 마는 편이었으며 현재 다루어지고 있는 내용이 전에 가르쳤던 내용과 그리고 앞으로 소개될 내용과 어떻게 연결되는지 내용의 위계를 찾기 어려운 경우가 많았다. 또한 여러 내용 영역들이 통합적으로 조작되어 내용 체계를 이루기보다는 서로 배타적으로 병립하고 있는 경향을 보였다. 수학 내용의 적정화를 위해서 수학 내용을 엄선하는 것 뿐 아니라 선정된 내용을 연속성, 계열성, 통합성의 원리에 근거하여 체계적으로 조직하는 작업이 요구된다. The present study examined the Korean elementary school mathematics curriculum focusing on the organization of mathematical content. The result showed a lack of continuity, sequence, and integration of mathematical content. Mathematical concepts and skills are usually introduced once with little relation to previously taught concepts and skills. In addition, six content domains - numbers and operations, geometry, measurement, patterns and functions, probability and statistics, and symbols - tend to be mutually exclusive, showing students little connections among six domains. Therefore, the present study suggests that important mathematical concepts are extended and deepened throughout the elementary school years so that students are provided with ample time and opportunities to learn important mathematical concepts and skills. Further, mathematical content domains need to be closely related and so important mathematical concepts are taught in several content domains from various perspectives. In doing so, the curriculum can help students develop an in-depth understanding of important mathematical concepts.

Transformation of soybean with AT-hook binding protein genes to delay senescence

Hyun Suk Cho,Jin Ho Yang,Jin Sol Park,Hye Jeong Kim,Yoon Jeong Lee,Jae Seong Kim,Hyun Hee Im,Ki Jung Lee,Dong Hee Lee,Young Soo Chung 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

High yield is the most important trait in various agricultural characteristics. Many approaches to improve yield have been tried in conventional agricultural practice and recently biotechnological tools employed for same goal. Genetic transformation of key genes to increase yield is one way to overcome current limitation in the field. We are producing transgenic soybean plants through high efficient transformation method by introducing all gene member with AT-hook binding domain, hoping to obtain manageable delay of senescence. Many transgenic soybean plants are growing in greenhouse and GMO field, and will be evaluated their senescence and any association with yield increase.

Production of soybean transgenic plants to improve agronomic traits

Yoon Jeong Lee,Jin Ho Yang,Jin Sol Park,Hye Jeong Kim,Hyun Suk Cho,Jae Seong Kim,Hyun Hee Im,Ki Jung Lee,Jeong Il Kim,Soon Chun Jeong,Dong Hee Lee,Yung Soo Chung 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

Soybean is a crop of importance economically and nutritionally in many parts of the world. Thanks to many new genes brought from genomic research, It is possible to introduce various candidate genes through genetic transformation to see the performance of the genes in field. In our lab, soybean transformations have been tried for last 10 years to probe the possibility of traits improvement by transformation of new gene into soybean. For this purpose, three different genes were transformed into Korean soybean variety, Kwangan. First, the gene that controls early flowering of plant was transformed into Kwangan. Second, a candidate gene for soybean mosaic virus (SMV) resistance was transformed to produce transgenic plants. Third, another candidate gene for drought tolerance was transformed. All the transgenic plants from three genes transformation were produced for their gene insertion and their expression using PCR, qRT-PCR. Further analysis including harvesting seeds is currently undertaken.

Effect of lugworm antimicrobial peptide as feed additives on fish immune activity

Jin-Sol Bae,Ji-Min Jeong,Kwang-Min Choi,Dong-Hee Cho,Min-Soo Joo,Won-Sik Woo,Yoon-Jo So,Seong-Hwan Cho,Chan-Il Park 한국수산해양기술학회(구 한국어업기술학회) 2017 한국수산해양기술학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2017 No.11

Endovascular Treatment of Symptomatic Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms

Jin-Sol Han,임동준,하성곤,최종일,진성원,김세훈 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2016 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.18 No.3

Objective : Vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADAs) are rare and many debates are present about treatment options. We review types and efficacy of our endovascular treatments and establish a safe endovascular therapeutic strategy regard to the angio-architecture of VADAs. Materials and Methods : Between July 2008 and October 2015, we treated 22 patients with symptomatic VADAs. Fifteen patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage from the ruptured VADAs, digital subtraction angiography and magnetic resonance image confirmed the diagnosis and endovascular treatments were followed as their angio-architecture. Results : Clinical results were good in 13 patients (86.7%), and there were no technical problems during endovascular procedures. The other 2 patients with poor prognosis showed severe neurological deficits at the initial evaluation. Among the three different endovascular treatments, there were no radiologic cure in one patient with stent insertion alone, but the patient had no significant clinical symptoms either. Conclusion : Endovascular treatments are safe and effective treatment option for managing VADAs and can be the first treatment of choice for most patients. To select proper endovascular treatment according to the angio-architecture of VADAs can reduce the risk of the treatment.

Introduction to in silico model for proarrhythmic risk assessment under the CiPA initiative

Jin-Sol Park,Ji-Young Jeon,Ji-Ho Yang,김민걸 대한임상약리학회 2019 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.27 No.1

In 2005, the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) established cardiotoxicity assessment guidelines to identify the risk of Torsade de Pointes (TdP). It is focused on the blockade of thehuman ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel known to cause QT/QTc prolongation and theQT/QTc prolongation shown on the electrocardiogram. However, these biomarkers are not the direct risks of TdP with low specificity as the action potential is influenced by multiple channels alongwith the hERG channel. Comprehensive in vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA) initiative emergedto address limitations of the current model. The objective of CiPA is to develop a standardized insilico model of a human ventricular cell to quantitively evaluate the cardiac response for the cardiactoxicity risk and to come up with a metric for the TdP risk assessment. In silico working group under CiPA developed a standardized and reliable in silico model and a metric that can quantitativelyevaluate cellular cardiac electrophysiologic activity. The implementation mainly consists of hERGfitting, Hill fitting, and action potential simulation. In this review, we explained how the in silicomodel of CiPA works, and briefly summarized current overall CiPA studies. We hope this reviewhelps clinical pharmacologists to understand the underlying estimation process of CiPA in silicomodeling.