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( Yasunari Sakamoto ),( Shingo Kato ),( Yusuke Sekino ),( Eiji Sakai ),( Takashi Uchiyama ),( Hiroshi Iida ),( Kunihiro Hosono ),( Hiroki Endo ),( Koji Fujita ),( Tomoko Koide ),( Hirokazu Takahashi ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.2
Background/Aims There are few reports on the correlation between chewing gum and the gastrointestinal functions. But previous report showed use of chewing gum to be an effective method for controlling gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between chewing gum and gastric emptying using the continuous real time 13C breath test (BreathID system). Methods Ten healthy male volunteers participated in this randomized, 2-way crossover study. The subjects fasted overnight and were randomly assigned to chewing gum (Xylish, 2-3/1 tablet) for an hour following intake of a test meal (200 kcal/200 mL) or intake of the test meal alone. Gastric emptying was monitored for 4 hours after administration of the test meal by the 13C-acetic acid breath test performed continually using the BreathID system. Results No significant differences in the calculated parameters, namely, T1/2 (median, 111.82 vs 109.26 minutes; P = 0.575), Tlag (median, 53.28 vs 56.53 minutes; P = 0.333), gastric emptying coefficient (median, 3.58 vs 3.65; P = 0.285), regression-estimated constant β (median, 1.85 vs 1.80; P = 0.575) and regression-estimated constant κ (median, 0.61 vs 0.62; P = 0.959) were observed between the test meal alone group and the test meal and chewing gum group. Conclusions This study showed that chewing gum had no effect on the rate of gastric emptying. Therefore, since chewing gum did not enhance the speed of gastric emptying, it may ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms through other mechanisms, such as saliva and autonomic nervous system. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011;17:174-179)
Accurate and Easy Measurement of Sliding Distance of Intramedullary Nail in Trochanteric Fracture
Nobuaki Chinzei,Takafumi Hiranaka,Takahiro Niikura,Takaaki Fujishiro,Shinya Hayashi,Noriyuki Kanzaki,Shingo Hashimoto,Yoshitada Sakai,Ryosuke Kuroda,Masahiro Kurosaka 대한정형외과학회 2015 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.7 No.2
In daily clinical practice, it is essential to properly evaluate the postoperative sliding distance of various femoral head fixation devices (HFD) for trochanteric fractures. Although it is necessary to develop an accurate and reproducible method that is unaffected by inconsistent postoperative limb position on radiography, few studies have examined which method is optimal. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prospectively compare the accuracy and reproducibility of our four original methods in the measurement of sliding distance of the HFD. Methods: Radiographs of plastic simulated bone implanted with Japanese proximal femoral nail antirotation were taken in five limb postures: neutral, flexion, minute internal rotation, greater external rotation, and flexion with external rotation. Orthopedic surgeons performed five measurements of the sliding distance of the HFD in each of the flowing four methods: nail axis reference (NAR), modified NAR, inner edge reference, and nail tip reference. We also assessed two clinical cases by using these methods and evaluated the intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: The measured values were consistent in the NAR method regardless of limb posture, with an even smaller error when using the modified NAR method. The standard deviation (SD) was high in the nail tip reference method and extremely low in the modified NAR method. In the two clinical cases, the SD was the lowest in the modified NAR method, similar to the results using plastic simulated bone. The intraclass correlation coefficients showed the highest value in the modified NAR method. Conclusions: We conclude that the modified NAR method should be the most recommended based on its accuracy, reproducibility, and usefulness.